Desarrollo de un modelo espacio-temporal de la hidrodinámica y la temperatura de un cauce fluvial : caso de estudio río Fucha

La dificultad de adaptación y uso de modelos de calidad del agua desarrollados para otras regiones del mundo a las condiciones tropicales de típicas de Colombia motiva la iniciativa de desarrollar herramientas matemáticas propias para conocer y analizar el estado del recurso hídrico. Este trabajo es un primer paso en la construcción de modelos espaciotemporales de la calidad del agua, partiendo de la modelación en tiempo y espacio de la temperatura, y abordando como requisito para ello la dinámica hidrológica e hidráulica de un cauce urbano, en este Caso el Río Fucha de Bogotá.Utilization of water quality models, developed in northern conditions, in a tropical region as Colombia is often complicated and an unsuccessfully task. This situation motivates the initiative of developing proper mathematical tools to understand and analyze the state of local water resources. This document contents a work related to the construction of spatial- temporal water quality model, specifically focused on temperature space-time modeling, and as a requirement, dealing with an urban catchment hydrologic and hydraulic dynamics, in this case the Fucha river in Bogota.Magíster en HidrosistemasMaestrí

Keeping people in the loop: socioeconomic valuation of dry forest ecosystem services in the Colombian Caribbean region

Tropical dry forests (TDF) are one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, especially in Colombia. One way to promote TDF conservation is by upholding the valuation of the ecosystem services they provide. Therefore, in order to deepen the understanding regarding the conservation of TDF from the perspective of local communities, we sampled two populations for our analysis: the first one consisted of people living inside a TDF protected area, while the second one was made up of urban inhabitants living near the TDF. Through a contingent valuation study, we found that 71% of urban inhabitants were willing to pay 12,119 USD/year to the protected area's inhabitants to implement conservation strategies and also that 100% of the protected area's dwellers were willing to participate of the strategy. Hence, we proposed a payment for ecosystem services scheme. Lastly, we observed that inhabitants’ high participation rates for the proposed strategy related to the high importance given to TDF-provided ecosystem services

Roads of the Caribbean: regional analysis from Environmental Impact Assessments in Colombia

The road infrastructure produces several impacts on the environment. In the Colombian Caribbean region, the growing road infrastructure threatens systems equilibrium in diverse and not well-known ways. Despite the several administrative tools available in Colombian legislation to manage every project impact, the big picture of the interconnected regional ecosystems falls out of scope. To study the large-scale problems in landscape, we analyzed eight Environmental Impact Studies of road construction projects in the region. We did a scientific and institutional literature review to shed light on the possible unseen problems and future challenges. Results suggest that Environmental Impact Assessments for each project focus on construction processes, ignore accumulative and residual effects, and use typified measures to cover a broad set of impacts. We offer recommendations from an integrated analysis perspective for future projects to understand landscape and water systems alteration at the regional scale

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Acerca del cáncer cervicouterino como un importante problema de salud pública About uterocervical cancer as an important public health problem

El cáncer se presenta como un importante problema de salud, dada la alta morbilidad y mortalidad que produce. Es uno de los procesos más complejos de la naturaleza y resulta el más complicado en la esfera de la medicina por su origen multicausal, la complejidad de sus mecanismos patogénicos y la variedad de formas y tipos que pueden originarse en el ser vivo. El objetivo de este trabajo es ofrecer información útil y actualizada acerca del cáncer cervicouterino. Esta enfermedad es prevenible y curable y se relaciona con la aparición del cáncer en vagina, cuello uterino, vulva y ano; en las mujeres se ha demostrado que la infección por el virus del papiloma humano es un factor de riesgo para su desarrollo. En la actualidad existen y se comercializan en el mundo dos tipos de vacuna, lo que se considera uno de los mayores avances en la medicina preventiva moderna. La aplicación de estas vacunas profilácticas contra el virus del papiloma humano podría reducir la incidencia y mortalidad por cáncer cervicouterino. Esta enfermedad constituye una de las entidades con más impacto y repercusión sobre la salud femenina, particularmente en las mujeres jóvenes. Está considerada una enfermedad emergente desde hace escasos años y sus consecuencias sociales, humanas y económicas lo convierten en un problema importante de salud pública y de la humanidad.Cancer represents an important health problem due to its high morbidity and mortality. It is one of the most complex processes of nature and the most complicated in medicine because of its multiple cause origin, the complexity of its pathogenic mechanisms and the variety of forms and types that may adopt in the subject alive. The objective of this paper was to provide useful and updated information on the uterocervical cancer. This disease is preventable and curable; it is related to the occurrence of cancer in the vagina, the uterine neck, the vulva and the anus. It has been proved that human papiloma virus infection is one of the risk factor for cancer in females. Two kinds of vaccine are marketed worldwide, and this is considered as one of the major advances in the modern preventive medicine. The administration of these prophylactic vaccines against the human papiloma could reduce the incidence and the mortality cause by uterocervical cancer, one of the diseases with high impact and repercussion on the female health, particularly in young females. It is considered an emerging disease and its human, social and economic consequences turn it into an important public health problem for mankind

Corrigendum to “Keeping people in the loop: Socioeconomic valuation of dry forest ecosystem services in the Colombian Caribbean region”

The authors regret for the miscalculation in the aggregated WTP value. First paragraph in section 3.3 must be as follows: Taking as a reference the mean WTP value (2.02 US$/month), the projection for the whole urban population (8450 urban inhabitants) would rise to 17,069 US$/month. However, we proportionally disregarded the negative responses in the WTP (29%), which resulted in 12,119 USD/month (145,428 US$/year) and 727,114 US$ USD in five years. In this vein, the yearly sum required of IMD-L's inhabitants would be 7514.4 USD/year, only 5% of the WTP's potential economic influx, where 95% of the funds could be diverted to different social and ecological improvements, and PES management and operation

ENGIU: Encuentro Nacional de Grupos de Investigación de UNIMINUTO.

El desarrollo del prototipo para el sistema de detección de Mina Antipersona (MAP), inicia desde el semillero ADSSOF perteneciente al programa de Administración en Seguridad y Salud en el trabajo de la UNIMINUTO, se realiza a partir de un detector de metales que emite una señal audible, que el usuario puede interpretar como aviso de presencia de un objeto metálico, en este caso una MAP. La señal audible se interpreta como un dato, como ese dato no es perceptible a 5 metros de distancia, se implementa el transmisor de Frecuencia Modulada FM por la facilidad de modulación y la escogencia de frecuencia de transmisión de acuerdo con las normas y resolución del Ministerio de Comunicaciones; de manera que esta sea la plataforma base para enviar los datos obtenidos a una frecuencia establecida. La idea es que el ser humano no explore zonas peligrosas y buscar la forma de crear un sistema que permita eliminar ese riesgo, por otro lado, buscar la facilidad de uso de elementos ya disponibles en el mercado