Le temps des hommes et des femmes dans l'entreprise.

This article considers men's and women's time in the professional worksphere. On the basis of a study carried out in three enterprises it highlights the systematic bias affecting demonstrations of to what extent women invest themselves in their work - in particular concerning part-timework, absenteeism and overtime. It also suggests that the allocation of women and men to different functions, based on the idea of the natural qualities of each sex, leads in practice to allocating to men and women functions that are not only different in their content but also in their work rhythm and the margins of autonomy that employees have in relation to their time. The different representations which result of the relationship that men and women have with the work time are so many brakes on women's progress in the workplace.Le présent article propose une réflexion sur le temps des hommes et des femmes dans la sphère du travail professionnel. A partir d’une étude réalisée dans trois entreprises, il met en évidence les biais systématiques qui affectent les représentations relatives à la manière dont les femmes s’investissent dans l’emploi - notamment celles qui concernent le temps partiel, l’absentéisme et les heures supplémentaires. Il suggère aussi que l’affectation des hommes et des femmes aux postes de travail, reposant sur la naturalisation des qualités de chacun des sexes, conduit en pratique à attribuer aux hommes et aux femmes des fonctions qui diffèrent, non seulement par leur contenu, mais aussi par le rythme du travail et les marges d’autonomie dont disposent les employés à l’égard du temps. Les représentations qui en résultent quant au rapport qu’entretiennent les hommes et les femmes au temps du travail sont autant de freins à la progression des femmes dans l’entreprise.Cardia-Vonèche Laura, Bastard Benoit, Gonik Viviane. Le temps des hommes et des femmes dans l’entreprise. In: Cahiers du Genre, N°24, 1999. Temporalités du social et sexuation. pp. 37-50

Increasing the Perspectives of Engineering Undergraduates on Societal Issues through an Interdisciplinary Program

To tackle the challenges of the 21st century, future scientists and engineers have to understand the interplay between societal challenges and technical solutions as early as possible in their education. They also have to develop the communication and the teamwork skills required to be effective professionals. To address this issue, the Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL) introduced a new Global Issues program to all 1800 first year engineering students. In this paper, we present this novel program and reflect on our experience. Our results suggest that student who showed positive attitude towards teamwork, benefited the most from the course and increase their perspectives on societal issues as measured by their moral reasoning after the course

Between norms, facts and stereotypes : the place of culture and ethnicity in Belgian and French family justice

International audienceBased on extensive empirical fieldworks conducted in Belgian and French family justice courtrooms in order to explain how culture and ethnicity are processed and understood in the daily reasoning and assumptions of legal professionals, this chapter analyzes different forms in which culture and ethnicity are framed in family law cases. Understanding how and along which dimensions these elements do vary in judicial reasoning constitutes the preliminary but necessary step before assessing the need of cultural expertise as such. In this attempt, we shed light on a scope of variations between complex and non-deterministic models of culture-consistent with contemporary anthropology literature-and more simplistic ones, in which culture and identity are conceived as fixed realities. Throughout this path between norms, facts and stereotypes, we illustrate not only the multiplicity and complexity of forms which cultural elements can take in the exercise of family justice, but also the risks that some significances may carry with them and the urgent need to improve more fluid and dispassionate conceptions of cultural diversity before developing "cultural expertise" as such, an expertise that could otherwise reinforce stereotypical and fixed views of "cultures"