Prevalence of orofacial trauma in soccer players of a Brazilian club

Introduction: The objectives of the study were to evaluate the prevalence of orofacial injuries in soccer players of a Brazilian club, considering the category, the position in the field, and the most affected anatomic site, through medical records. Methods: A total of 126 charts of players from the base categories (sub-15, sub-17, and sub-20) and male and female professional categories from 2016 to 2018 were evaluated. It was considered inclusion criteria to be a soccer player hired by a club in the indicated period. The exclusion criteria of the study correspond to the medical records registered after the chronological date stipulated or that did not have the correct registry of the occurred trauma. Results: The data analyzed presented a moderate value in relation to the orofacial traumas prevalence, and 64.3% of the athletes of the club have some record type of trauma in the face. We observed that soft-tissue lacerations of the lips and dental fractures present the highest frequencies (73% and 27%, respectively). The positions of defender, striker, and midfield are the most susceptible to injuries (31%, 24%, and 23%, respectively). Conclusion: Dental and orofacial trauma are a problem commonly encountered in sports, being present also in collective sports, such as football. It was observed a moderate prevalence of injuries on the face, especially among the athletes who are ahead of the attack line, with lip lacerations and dental fractures being the most common events

Overreaching: a risk factor for periodontal disease?

Objective: to identify the effects of overreaching on the susceptibility to develop periodontal diseases. Material and Methods: search for scientific articles on the Pubmed database. The search strategy used the term “overreaching” with the Boolean operator “and”, and the keywords: effects, immunological, diagnosis. The descriptor “periodontal disease and risk factor” was also used. The studies selected were analyzed and the studies that did not cover the proposed subject were excluded. Results: periodontal diseases involve a multi-factorial etiology. Although the presence of microbiological pathogens is an important factor for the development of the diseases, other factors have also been highly correlated with their prevalence. The dysfunction of the immune function is more pronounced when the exercise is continuous, prolonged and moderately intense, condition that occurs in overreaching. There is a possibility that the combined effects of changes in immunological parameters may compromise the response to some diseases, such as periodontal diseases. The destruction of the periodontal tissues is a final consequence of the immune response from the host, which can vary in overreaching. Conclusion: overreaching may be responsible for alterations in the immune system of the athlete. Diseases that present a common inflammatory profile may suffer additional modulations because of this process, leaving these individuals under a higher risk