1,309 research outputs found
Coulomb corrected eikonal description of the breakup of halo nuclei
The eikonal description of breakup reactions diverges because of the Coulomb
interaction between the projectile and the target. This divergence is due to
the adiabatic, or sudden, approximation usually made, which is incompatible
with the infinite range of the Coulomb interaction. A correction for this
divergence is analysed by comparison with the Dynamical Eikonal Approximation,
which is derived without the adiabatic approximation. The correction consists
in replacing the first-order term of the eikonal Coulomb phase by the
first-order of the perturbation theory. This allows taking into account both
nuclear and Coulomb interactions on the same footing within the computationally
efficient eikonal model. Excellent results are found for the dissociation of
11Be on lead at 69 MeV/nucleon. This Coulomb Corrected Eikonal approximation
provides a competitive alternative to more elaborate reaction models for
investigating breakup of three-body projectiles at intermediate and high
energies.Comment: 19 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Moving beyond physical education subject knowledge to develop knowledgeable teachers of the subject
All knowledge is socially constructed, including physical education teachers’ knowledge of their subject. It is acquired from other people either formally and deliberately (e.g. by being taught) or informally and casually (e.g. by interacting with physical education teachers or playing in a sports team). The social aspects of learning appear to be particularly strong in physical education. This has implications for the development of knowledge for teaching, with trainee teachers focusing on the development of subject, and particularly content, knowledge. Focusing on subject knowledge reinforces a traditional view of physical education as it is, not as it might be to meet the needs of young people today. It is argued that attention needs to be given not only to the knowledge, skills and competencies that trainee teachers ought to develop but also to the social aspects of their learning and development and the context in which they learn. Attention also needs to be given to how the ability to think critically can be developed so that trainee teachers can become reflective practitioners able to challenge and, where appropriate, change the teaching of the subject. Only by doing this can the particularly strong socialisation which shapes the values and beliefs of physical education teachers begin to be challenged. However, as the process of developing knowledgeable teachers is ongoing it is also necessary to look beyond teacher training to continuing professional development
Extended gaussian ensemble solution and tricritical points of a system with long-range interactions
The gaussian ensemble and its extended version theoretically play the
important role of interpolating ensembles between the microcanonical and the
canonical ensembles. Here, the thermodynamic properties yielded by the extended
gaussian ensemble (EGE) for the Blume-Capel (BC) model with infinite-range
interactions are analyzed. This model presents different predictions for the
first-order phase transition line according to the microcanonical and canonical
ensembles. From the EGE approach, we explicitly work out the analytical
microcanonical solution. Moreover, the general EGE solution allows one to
illustrate in details how the stable microcanonical states are continuously
recovered as the gaussian parameter is increased. We found out that it
is not necessary to take the theoretically expected limit
to recover the microcanonical states in the region between the canonical and
microcanonical tricritical points of the phase diagram. By analyzing the
entropy as a function of the magnetization we realize the existence of
unaccessible magnetic states as the energy is lowered, leading to a treaking of
ergodicity.Comment: 8 pages, 5 eps figures. Title modified, sections rewritten,
tricritical point calculations added. To appear in EPJ
Moving beyond physical education subject knowledge to develop knowledgeable teachers of the subject
All knowledge is socially constructed, including physical education teachers’ knowledge of their subject. It is acquired from other people either formally and deliberately (e.g. by being taught) or informally and casually (e.g. by interacting with physical education teachers or playing in a sports team). The social aspects of learning appear to be particularly strong in physical education. This has implications for the development of knowledge for teaching, with trainee teachers focusing on the development of subject, and particularly content, knowledge. Focusing on subject knowledge reinforces a traditional view of physical education as it is, not as it might be to meet the needs of young people today. It is argued that attention needs to be given not only to the knowledge, skills and competencies that trainee teachers ought to develop but also to the social aspects of their learning and development and the context in which they learn. Attention also needs to be given to how the ability to think critically can be developed so that trainee teachers can become reflective practitioners able to challenge and, where appropriate, change the teaching of the subject. Only by doing this can the particularly strong socialisation which shapes the values and beliefs of physical education teachers begin to be challenged. However, as the process of developing knowledgeable teachers is ongoing it is also necessary to look beyond teacher training to continuing professional development
Influence of low energy scattering on loosely bound states
Compact algebraic equations are derived, which connect the binding energy and
the asymptotic normalization constant (ANC) of a subthreshold bound state with
the effective-range expansion of the corresponding partial wave. These
relations are established for positively-charged and neutral particles, using
the analytic continuation of the scattering (S) matrix in the complex
wave-number plane. Their accuracy is checked on simple local potential models
for the 16O+n, 16O+p and 12C+alpha nuclear systems, with exotic nuclei and
nuclear astrophysics applications in mind
Primary physical education, coaches and continuing professional development
This is an Author's Accepted Manuscript of an article published in Sport, Education and Society, 16(4), 485 - 505, 2011, copyright @ Taylor & Francis, available online at: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/13573322.2011.589645.Physical education (PE) in primary schools has traditionally been taught by qualified primary teachers. More recently, some teaching of PE in primary schools has been undertaken by coaches (mostly football coaches). These coaches hold national governing body awards but do not hold teaching qualifications. Thus, coaches may not be adequately prepared to teach PE in curriculum time. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the perceptions of a group of community-based football coaches working in primary schools for the impact of a Continuing Professional Development (CPD) programme on their ability to undertake ‘specified work’ to cover PE in primary schools. The programme focused on four areas identified as important to enable coaches to cover specified work: short- and medium-term planning, pedagogy, knowledge of the curriculum and reflection. Results showed that for the majority of coaches the CPD programme had made them more aware of the importance of these four areas and had helped to develop their knowledge and ability to put this into practice in covering planning, preparation and assessment time. However, further input is still required to develop coaches’ knowledge and understanding in all four areas, but especially their curriculum knowledge, as well as their ability to put these into practice consistently. These findings are discussed in relation to the implications of employing coaches to cover the teaching of PE in primary schools and, if employed, what CPD coaches need to develop the necessary knowledge, skill and understanding for covering specified work in schools
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