Depletion Voltage and Charge Collection for Highly Irradiated Silicon Microstrip Detectors with Various Initial Resistivities*

We have irradiated p-on-n silicon microstrip detectors of initial bulk resistivity between 0.2 and 2.7 kW-cm with 55MeV protons to fluences of 0.8, 2.2 and 11x10 13 p/cm 2 (equivalent to twice the fluence in high energy protons), and have measured the depletion voltage before and after irradiation using C-V methods. In addition, we have measured the charge collection of minimum ionization on a single strip with a fast amplifier as a function of bias voltage. We compare the depletion voltage deduced from both methods for samples with different initial resistivities. I. INTRODUCTION In future high-energy experiments, silicon strip and pixel detectors will be increasingly used in high radiation environment. For example at the LHC, the fluence over the lifetime of detectors will reach 2x10 14 p/cm 2 for strips and about 1x10 15 p/cm 2 for pixels. While the increase in leakage current due to radiation will be controlled by cooling and, in the case of pixels, reduced sensitive vo..

Sliding/Rolling Phobic Droplets along a Fiber: Measurement of Interfacial Forces

Phobic droplet–fiber systems possess complex geometries, which have made full characterization of such systems difficult. This work has used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to measure droplet–fiber forces for oil droplets on oleophobic fibers over a range of fiber diameters. The work adapted a previous method and a theoretical model developed by the authors for philic droplet–fiber systems. A Bayesian statistical model was also used to account for the influence of surface roughness on the droplet–fiber force. In general, it has been found that the force required to move a liquid droplet along an oleophobic filter fiber will be less than that required to move a droplet along an oleophilic fiber. However, because of the effects of pinning and/or wetting behavior, this difference may be less than would otherwise be expected. Droplets with a greater contact angle ( 110°) were observed to roll along the fiber, whereas droplets with a lesser contact angle (<90°) would slide

Built Environment and Alzheimer. Quality Evaluation of Territorial Structures for Patients with Dementia

ustainable, inclusive and resilient cities and urban settlements are fundamental in enabling people to live long and healthy lives. Elderly population is growing all over the world and in Italy is among the largest. Within this scenario, epidemiological data show that Alzheimer disease, a dementia which manifest with ageing, is also forecast to rapidly increase, up to 150 million cases in 2050. Within urban settlements, the health and socio-sanitary structures for elderly patients represent a fundamental social infrastructure that collects important investments but must be suitable to host people with dementia. The paper describes the methodology adopted for the definition of an assessment tool able to evaluate the indoor and outdoor qualities and characteristics of socio-sanitary facilities for Alzheimer and elderly people. In the first phase the analysis of scientific literature, international case studies and sustainability assessment framework led to identification of 4 criteria, 19 indicators and 71 variables validated by experts in geriatry, psychiatry and architecture. In the second phase the tool has been operationalized and tested on a sample of three territorial structures in Lombardy Region, Italy. The outcomes of the evaluation can lead to the definition of sustainable project strategies