DNA damage assessment with buccal micronucleus cytome assay in Turkish coal miners

The aim of this study was to assess DNA damage in Turkish coal miners with the buccal micronucleus cytome (BMCyt assay as the least invasive and therefore most practical method that may find wider application in coal miner biomonitoring. Buccal epithelial cell samples were taken from 54 coal miners and 42 controls from Zonguldak, Turkey to establish their micronucleus (MN), binucleus (BN), condensed chromatin (CC), karyorrhectic (KHC), karyolytic (KYL), nuclear bud (NBUD), and pyknotic (PYC) frequencies. We also analysed the effects of confounding factors such as age, years of work at the mine, smoking, alcohol drinking, and use of protective equipment on differences in MN frequencies. Two miners had confirmed and three suspect pneumoconiosis, whereas 49 displayed normal chest radiographs. MN, BN, KHC, and NBUD frequencies were significantly higher in coal miners than controls. Years of work at the mine also showed a significant effect on buccal MN frequencies in coal miners, but we found no correlation between MN frequencies and age, smoking, and alcohol consumption. In conclusion, BMCyt assay proved itself an accurate and practical screening method, as it can detect DNA damage much earlier than pneumoconiosis develops.Cilj je ovoga istraživanja bio procijeniti oštećenje DNA u turskih rudara primjenom tzv. Cytome inačice mikronukleustesta na bukalnim epitelnim stanicama (engl. buccal micronucleus cytome assay, krat. BMCyt) kao najmanje invazivne i stoga najpraktičnije metode koja bi mogla naći svoju primjenu u biomonitoringu rudara u ugljenokopima. Uzorci bukalnih epitelnih stanica prikupljeni su od 54 rudara i 42 kontrolna ispitanika iz Zonguldaka u Turskoj radi utvrđivanja učestalosti mikronukleusa (MN), binuklearnih stanica (BN), zgusnutoga kromatina (CC), karioreksije (KHC), kariolize (KYL), jezgrinih pupova (NB) i piknoze (PYC). Osim toga, analizirali smo koliko čimbenici poput dobi, godina staža u rudniku, pušenja, pijenja alkohola i uporabe zaštitne opreme utječu na razlike u nalazima učestalosti MN-a. Dva su rudara imala potvrđenu dijagnozu pneumokonioze, u tri je rudara postojala sumnja na nju, a ostalih 49 rudara imalo je uredne rendgenske nalaze. Učestalosti MN-a, BN-a, KHC-a i NB-a bile su značajno više u rudara nego u kontrolnih ispitanika. Godine staža u rudniku također su značajno pridonijele povišenoj učestalosti MN-a u rudara, ali takva korelacija nije utvrđena za dob, pušenje i pijenje alkohola. BMCyt test pokazao se preciznim i praktičnim probirnim testom jer otkriva oštećenje DNA mnogo ranije nego što se pojavi pneumokonioza

Procjena oštećenja DNA bukalnih epitelnih stanica primjenom Cytome inačice mikronukleus-testa

The aim of this study was to assess DNA damage in Turkish coal miners with the buccal micronucleus cytome (BMCyt assay as the least invasive and therefore most practical method that may find wider application in coal miner biomonitoring. Buccal epithelial cell samples were taken from 54 coal miners and 42 controls from Zonguldak, Turkey to establish their micronucleus (MN), binucleus (BN), condensed chromatin (CC), karyorrhectic (KHC), karyolytic (KYL), nuclear bud (NBUD), and pyknotic (PYC) frequencies. We also analysed the effects of confounding factors such as age, years of work at the mine, smoking, alcohol drinking, and use of protective equipment on differences in MN frequencies. Two miners had confirmed and three suspect pneumoconiosis, whereas 49 displayed normal chest radiographs. MN, BN, KHC, and NBUD frequencies were significantly higher in coal miners than controls. Years of work at the mine also showed a significant effect on buccal MN frequencies in coal miners, but we found no correlation between MN frequencies and age, smoking, and alcohol consumption. In conclusion, BMCyt assay proved itself an accurate and practical screening method, as it can detect DNA damage much earlier than pneumoconiosis develops.Cilj je ovoga istraživanja bio procijeniti oštećenje DNA u turskih rudara primjenom tzv. Cytome inačice mikronukleustesta na bukalnim epitelnim stanicama (engl. buccal micronucleus cytome assay, krat. BMCyt) kao najmanje invazivne i stoga najpraktičnije metode koja bi mogla naći svoju primjenu u biomonitoringu rudara u ugljenokopima. Uzorci bukalnih epitelnih stanica prikupljeni su od 54 rudara i 42 kontrolna ispitanika iz Zonguldaka u Turskoj radi utvrđivanja učestalosti mikronukleusa (MN), binuklearnih stanica (BN), zgusnutoga kromatina (CC), karioreksije (KHC), kariolize (KYL), jezgrinih pupova (NB) i piknoze (PYC). Osim toga, analizirali smo koliko čimbenici poput dobi, godina staža u rudniku, pušenja, pijenja alkohola i uporabe zaštitne opreme utječu na razlike u nalazima učestalosti MN-a. Dva su rudara imala potvrđenu dijagnozu pneumokonioze, u tri je rudara postojala sumnja na nju, a ostalih 49 rudara imalo je uredne rendgenske nalaze. Učestalosti MN-a, BN-a, KHC-a i NB-a bile su značajno više u rudara nego u kontrolnih ispitanika. Godine staža u rudniku također su značajno pridonijele povišenoj učestalosti MN-a u rudara, ali takva korelacija nije utvrđena za dob, pušenje i pijenje alkohola. BMCyt test pokazao se preciznim i praktičnim probirnim testom jer otkriva oštećenje DNA mnogo ranije nego što se pojavi pneumokonioza