Field Validation of Commercially Available Food Retailer Data in the Netherlands

The aim of this study was to validate a Dutch commercial dataset containing information on the types and locations of food retailers against field audit data. Field validation of a commercial dataset ("Locatus") was conducted in February 2019. Data on the location and classification of food retailers were collected through field audits in 152 streets from four urban and four rural neighborhoods in the Netherlands. The classification of food retailers included eight types of grocery stores (e.g., supermarkets, bakeries) and four types of food outlets (e.g., cafés, take away restaurants). The commercial dataset in the studied area listed 322 food retailers, whereas the field audit counted 315 food retailers. Overall, the commercially available data showed "good" to "excellent" agreement statistics (>0.71) with field audit data for all three levels of analysis (i.e., location, classification and both combined) and across urban as well as rural areas. The commercial dataset under study provided an accurate description of the measured food environment. Therefore, policymakers and researchers should feel confident in using this commercial dataset as a source of secondary data

Measures of association (fixed effects) obtained by single (Models 1 and 2) and by three level (patients, wards and hospitals) multilevel logistic regression analysis (Models 3 and 4) modeling 30-day mortality after hospitalization from heart failure in patients who were admitted to Swedish hospitals (2007–2009).

<p>Values are odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) as well as Percentage of Opposite Odds Ratio (POOR).</p