1,721 research outputs found
Derivation of the blackfold effective theory
We study fluctuations and deformations of black branes over length scales
larger than the horizon radius. We prove that the Einstein equations for the
perturbed p-brane yield, as constraints, the equations of the effective
blackfold theory. We solve the Einstein equations for the perturbed geometry
and show that it remains regular on and outside the black brane horizon. This
study provides an ab initio derivation of the blackfold effective theory and
gives explicit expressions for the metrics near the new black holes and black
branes that result from it, to leading order in a derivative expansion.Comment: 20 pages. v4: Typo corrected in eq. (6.11) -- erratum in the
published versio
On-chip quantum interference of a superconducting microsphere
We propose and analyze an all-magnetic scheme to perform a Young's double slit experiment with a micron-sized superconducting sphere of mass amu. We show that its center of mass could be prepared in a spatial quantum superposition state with an extent of the order of half a micrometer. The scheme is based on magnetically levitating the sphere above a superconducting chip and letting it skate through a static magnetic potential landscape where it interacts for short intervals with quantum circuits. In this way, a protocol for fast quantum interferometry using quantum magnetomechanics is passively implemented. Such a table-top earth-based quantum experiment would operate in a parameter regime where gravitational energy scales become relevant. In particular, we show that the faint parameter-free gravitationally-induced decoherence collapse model, proposed by DiĂłsi and Penrose, could be unambiguously falsified
Electric field inversion asymmetry: Rashba and Stark effects for holes in resonant tunneling devices
We report experimental evidence of excitonic spin-splitting, in addition to
the conventional Zeeman effect, produced by a combination of the Rashba
spin-orbit interaction, Stark shift and charge screening. The
electric-field-induced modulation of the spin-splitting are studied during the
charging and discharging processes of p-type GaAs/AlAs double barrier resonant
tunneling diodes (RTD) under applied bias and magnetic field. The abrupt
changes in the photoluminescence, with the applied bias, provide information of
the charge accumulation effects on the device.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Physical activity level and lifestyle-related risk factors from Catalan physicians.
BACKGROUND: Physicians' own Physical Activity (PA) and other health-related habits influence PA promotion. The current study identifies the PA level, according to the current PA recommendations and other health-related habits of physicians from the Catalan Medical Council. METHODS: 2400 physicians (30-55 years) were randomly selected; each received a self-administered mailed questionnaire identifying medical specialization, work setting, health self-perception, body mass index (BMI), PA, and smoking habits. RESULTS: 762 physicians responded (52% female). Almost 1 in 2 (49.3%) exercised sufficiently, nearly all self-perceived good health, while 80.5% were nonsmokers. Almost 6 in 10 males reported overweight or obesity (56.9%) versus 18.2% of females. Active physicians dominated specific groups: (1) aged 45-55 years, (2) specializing either in primary care or surgery, (3) working in the private sector, (4) BMI < 25 kg/m2, (5) perceiving themselves in good health, or (6) having free leisure time. CONCLUSIONS: Only half of Catalan physicians met current PA recommendations; male physicians were particularly at risk for overweight/obesity. Overweight and under-exercise were associated with private workplaces and positive health perceptions, meaning that it is it is now possible to target inactive and/or overweight Catalan physicians in future interventions
Inferring Relational Potentials in Interacting Systems
Systems consisting of interacting agents are prevalent in the world, ranging
from dynamical systems in physics to complex biological networks. To build
systems which can interact robustly in the real world, it is thus important to
be able to infer the precise interactions governing such systems. Existing
approaches typically discover such interactions by explicitly modeling the
feed-forward dynamics of the trajectories. In this work, we propose Neural
Interaction Inference with Potentials (NIIP) as an alternative approach to
discover such interactions that enables greater flexibility in trajectory
modeling: it discovers a set of relational potentials, represented as energy
functions, which when minimized reconstruct the original trajectory. NIIP
assigns low energy to the subset of trajectories which respect the relational
constraints observed. We illustrate that with these representations NIIP
displays unique capabilities in test-time. First, it allows trajectory
manipulation, such as interchanging interaction types across separately trained
models, as well as trajectory forecasting. Additionally, it allows adding
external hand-crafted potentials at test-time. Finally, NIIP enables the
detection of out-of-distribution samples and anomalies without explicit
training. Website: https://energy-based-model.github.io/interaction-potentials.Comment: Published at ICML 2023 (Oral
A continuous rating method for preferential voting. The complete case
A method is given for quantitatively rating the social acceptance of
different options which are the matter of a complete preferential vote.
Completeness means that every voter expresses a comparison (a preference or a
tie) about each pair of options. The proposed method is proved to have certain
desirable properties, which include: the continuity of the rates with respect
to the data, a decomposition property that characterizes certain situations
opposite to a tie, the Condorcet-Smith principle, and a property of clone
consistency. One can view this rating method as a complement for the ranking
method introduced in 1997 by Markus Schulze. It is also related to certain
methods of one-dimensional scaling or cluster analysis.Comment: This is part one of a revised version of arxiv:0810.2263. Version 3
is the result of certain modifications, both in the statement of the problem
and in the concluding remarks, that enhance the results of the paper; the
results themselves remain unchange
- …