Influencia de metabolitos fitotóxicos de Altenaria porri (Ellis) Ciferri sobre plantas y callos de Allium sativum L. con vista al fitomejoramiento

In order to obtain phytotoxic metabolites from Alternaria porri and to know their influences on garlic plants and calli in plant breeding for resistanse to alternariosis, a research was carried out. Filtrates were obtained in Fries medium 30 days after fungus incubation which was statically cultivated at 28±1 0C and constant darkness. Biological assays using several filtrate concentrations were developed in garlic plants of different ages (clone ‘Criollo’) through punture method and also in garlic calli (clone ‘Chileno’). The highest phytotoxic effect was observed in 110 days old plants when they were inoculated with filtrates concentrated at 70% initial volume. Calli showed weight losses and changed their coloration when filtrate was concentrated above 40%.Key Words: Allium sativum, In vitro selection, Plant breedingCon el objetivo de obtener metabolitos fitotóxicos de Alternaria porri (Ellis) Ciferri y conocer su influencia sobre plantas y callos de ajo con vistas al mejoramiento genético de la resistencia a la alternariosis, se llevó a cabo el presente trabajo. Para la obtención de los filtrados de cultivos se utilizó el medio de cultivo Fries a los 30 días de inoculado el hongo, el cual se cultivó estáticamente a 28±1 0C y oscuridad constante. Los ensayos biológicos, utilizando varias concentraciones del filtrado de cultivo, se realizaron sobre plantas de diferentes edades del clon de ajo ‘Criollo’ mediante el método de punción y sobre callos del clon ‘Chileno’. El mayor efecto fitotóxico se observó en plantas de 110 días de edad cuando fueron inoculadas con el filtrado concentrado al 70% de su volumen inicial. Los callos tuvieron pérdida de peso y cambio en la coloración cuando el filtrado se concentró por encima del 40%.Palabras clave: Allium sativum, mejoramiento genético, selección in vitr

Influence of fitotoxic metabolites of Altenaria porri (Ellis) Ciferri on plants and calluses of Allium sativum L., aimed to the fitoimprovement

In order to obtain phytotoxic metabolites from Alternaria porri and to know their influences on garlic plants and calli in plant breeding for resistanse to alternariosis, a research was carried out. Filtrates were obtained in Fries medium 30 days after fungus incubation which was statically cultivated at 28±1 0C and constant darkness. Biological assays using several filtrate concentrations were developed in garlic plants of different ages (clone ‘Criollo’) through punture method and also in garlic calli (clone ‘Chileno’). The highest phytotoxic effect was observed in 110 days old plants when they were inoculated with filtrates concentrated at 70% initial volume. Calli showed weight losses and changed their coloration when filtrate was concentrated above 40%. Key Words: Allium sativum, In vitro selection, Plant breedin