Gestion des symptômes en soins palliatifs: revue de littérature : travail de Bachelor

Au vue de l'annonce du diagnostic tardif, le cancer pulmonaire engendre davantage de détresse psychologique chez les personnes qui en sont atteintes et par conséquent entraîne de multiples symptômes tels que l'anxiété, la dépression, l'asthénie, une baisse de la thymie ainsi que de l'estime de soi. Ce travail aborde les moyens mis en place par les équipes de soins pluridisciplinaires afin de diminuer la détresse psychologique chez les patients atteints d'un cancer pulmonaire

CARACTERÍSTICAS DO TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA

Introdução: O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) é uma doença neurológica, que o indivíduo apresenta problemas de comunicação, dificuldade de integração na sociedade, seus primeiros sintomas aparecem antes dos três anos de idade, não há cura para essa doença, o tratamento precoce pode amenizar os sintomas. Uma pesquisa realizada em 2016 pela USP registrou que cerca de 2 milhões de brasileiros são autistas, porém existem milhões de pessoas que ainda não foram diagnosticadas ou não recebem tratamentos adequados. Ainda não existe nenhuma evidência exata das causas do autismo, mas possuem teorias que podem influenciar como, as pessoas autistas terem herdado genes com mutações, o uso de medicamentos no pré-natal, a idade dos pais na concepção, nascimento prematuro, entre outros. Objetivos: Apresentar os conhecimentos adquiridos por meio de pesquisas, para maior entendimento da sociedade sobre o Transtorno do Espectro Autista, a importância do tratamento precoce, os problemas enfrentados pelos indivíduos, principalmente crianças, adolescentes e seus responsáveis. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma pesquisa de maneira qualitativa, por meio de revisão de literatura e procura de materiais em plataformas digitais. Tal pesquisa foi desenvolvida em cima de artigos científicos publicados nas seguintes bases de dados: Scielo, Google Acadêmico, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Considerações: Sugere-se que o tratamento comece mais precocemente possível, sendo que é necessário observar atentamente os sinais, sendo os mais comuns: aos seis meses o bebê tem dificuldades em se expressar, pouco contato ocular e não sorri com facilidade; aos nove meses de idade, se a criança não balbucia, não olha na direção que o adulto aponta e não olha quando é chamado; aos doze meses se a criança não emite nenhum balbucio, não usa gestos e não fala papai ou mamãe. Os sintomas clínicos mais frequentes de um paciente com TEA são os transtornos de déficit de atenção, transtornos compulsivos, fobias, alterações sensoriais, patologias genéticas, transtornos alimentares, entre outras manifestações. Quando um paciente com TEA se depara com a adolescência começa uma etapa muito difícil, pois é nesse momento que se inicia as mudanças no corpo devida a puberdade, a necessidade de se agrupar aos outros adolescentes, nesse período a família tem que dar suporte e apoio

Matrix Microparticles Of Copaiba Oil (Copaifera Langsdorffii) On Renal Physiology: Patent Review

PURPOSE: to demonstrate the effect of matrix microparticles of Copaifera langsdorffii (aerial parts of copaiba), aiming to evaluate the discussions and results of the works that demonstrate Its function on the kidneys as well as its effectiveness. METHODS: A bibliographic study was carried out by consulting public online databases of patents, such as the United States Patent and Trademark office, World Intellectual Property Organization and the National Intellectual Property Institute; The following keywords were used: copaiba oil, renal function, kidney, kidney stones, matrix microparticles Copaifera langsdorffii and lithiasis. In this study were included patents of invention, innovations and utility models in the period from January 2007 to May 2016. RESULTS: One patent register was included regarding a method for obtaining microparticles and compounds, having antilithiasic, analgesic, antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, diuretic and antiseptic activity. CONCLUSION: The patent registry survey demonstrates the possibility of beneficial action of matrix microparticles Copaifera langsdorffii on renal physiology, acting as antilithiasis and even with diuretic properties, thus opening up new possibilities of research of this substance on renal physiology

AI is a viable alternative to high throughput screening: a 318-target study

: High throughput screening (HTS) is routinely used to identify bioactive small molecules. This requires physical compounds, which limits coverage of accessible chemical space. Computational approaches combined with vast on-demand chemical libraries can access far greater chemical space, provided that the predictive accuracy is sufficient to identify useful molecules. Through the largest and most diverse virtual HTS campaign reported to date, comprising 318 individual projects, we demonstrate that our AtomNet® convolutional neural network successfully finds novel hits across every major therapeutic area and protein class. We address historical limitations of computational screening by demonstrating success for target proteins without known binders, high-quality X-ray crystal structures, or manual cherry-picking of compounds. We show that the molecules selected by the AtomNet® model are novel drug-like scaffolds rather than minor modifications to known bioactive compounds. Our empirical results suggest that computational methods can substantially replace HTS as the first step of small-molecule drug discovery

Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density

Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data

Search for new particles in events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A search is presented for new particles produced at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV, using events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 101 fb(-1), collected in 2017-2018 with the CMS detector. Machine learning techniques are used to define separate categories for events with narrow jets from initial-state radiation and events with large-radius jets consistent with a hadronic decay of a W or Z boson. A statistical combination is made with an earlier search based on a data sample of 36 fb(-1), collected in 2016. No significant excess of events is observed with respect to the standard model background expectation determined from control samples in data. The results are interpreted in terms of limits on the branching fraction of an invisible decay of the Higgs boson, as well as constraints on simplified models of dark matter, on first-generation scalar leptoquarks decaying to quarks and neutrinos, and on models with large extra dimensions. Several of the new limits, specifically for spin-1 dark matter mediators, pseudoscalar mediators, colored mediators, and leptoquarks, are the most restrictive to date.Peer reviewe

Combined searches for the production of supersymmetric top quark partners in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A combination of searches for top squark pair production using proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV at the CERN LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb(-1) collected by the CMS experiment, is presented. Signatures with at least 2 jets and large missing transverse momentum are categorized into events with 0, 1, or 2 leptons. New results for regions of parameter space where the kinematical properties of top squark pair production and top quark pair production are very similar are presented. Depending on themodel, the combined result excludes a top squarkmass up to 1325 GeV for amassless neutralino, and a neutralinomass up to 700 GeV for a top squarkmass of 1150 GeV. Top squarks with masses from 145 to 295 GeV, for neutralino masses from 0 to 100 GeV, with a mass difference between the top squark and the neutralino in a window of 30 GeV around the mass of the top quark, are excluded for the first time with CMS data. The results of theses searches are also interpreted in an alternative signal model of dark matter production via a spin-0 mediator in association with a top quark pair. Upper limits are set on the cross section for mediator particle masses of up to 420 GeV

Probing effective field theory operators in the associated production of top quarks with a Z boson in multilepton final states at root s=13 TeV

Peer reviewe

Observation of tW production in the single-lepton channel in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV

A measurement of the cross section of the associated production of a single top quark and a W boson in final states with a muon or electron and jets in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV is presented. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 36 fb(-1) collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in 2016. A boosted decision tree is used to separate the tW signal from the dominant t (t) over bar background, whilst the subleading W+jets and multijet backgrounds are constrained using data-based estimates. This result is the first observation of the tW process in final states containing a muon or electron and jets, with a significance exceeding 5 standard deviations. The cross section is determined to be 89 +/- 4 (stat) +/- 12 (syst) pb, consistent with the standard model.Peer reviewe