New electromechanical substrate abnormalities in high-risk patients with Brugada syndrome

Background: The relationship between the typical electrocardiographic pattern and electromechanical abnormalities has never been systematically explored in Brugada syndrome (BrS). Objectives: The aims of this study were to characterize the electromechanical substrate in patients with BrS and to evaluate the relationship between electrical and mechanical abnormalities. Methods: We enrolled 50 consecutive high-risk patients with BrS (mean age 42 ± 7.2 years), with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation for primary or secondary prevention of ventricular tachyarrhythmias (ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation [VT/VF]), undergoing substrate mapping and ablation. Patients underwent 3-dimensional (3D) echocardiography with 3D wall motion/deformation quantification and electroanatomic mapping before and after ajmaline administration (1 mg/kg in 5 minutes); 3D mechanical changes were compared with 50 age- and sex-matched controls. The effect of substrate ablation on electromechanical abnormalities was also assessed. Results: In all patients, ajmaline administration induced Brugada type 1 pattern, with a significant increase in the electrical substrate (P <.001), particularly in patients with previous spontaneous VT/VF (P =.007). Induction of Brugada pattern was associated with lowering of right ventricular (RV) ejection fraction (P <.001) and worsening of 3D RV mechanical function (P <.001), particularly in the anterior free wall of the RV outflow tract, without changes in controls. RV electrical and mechanical abnormalities were highly correlated (r = 0.728, P <.001). By multivariate analysis, only the area of RV dysfunction was an independent predictor of spontaneous VT/VF (odds ratio 1.480; 95% confidence interval 1.159–1.889; P =.002). Substrate ablation abolished both BrS-electrocardiographic pattern and mechanical abnormalities, despite ajmaline rechallenge. Conclusion: BrS is an electromechanical disease affecting the RV. The typical BrS pattern reflects an extensive RV arrhythmic substrate, driving consistent RV mechanical abnormalities. Substrate ablation abolished both Brugada pattern and mechanical abnormalities

Atrial fibrillation detection using a novel three-vector cardiac implantable monitor: The atrial fibrillation detect study

Aims Continuous rhythm monitoring is valuable for adequate atrial fibrillation (AF) management in the clinical setting. Subcutaneous leadless implantable cardiac monitors (ICMs) yield an improved AF detection, overcoming the intrinsic limitations of the currently available external recording systems, thus resulting in a more accurate patient treatment. The study purpose was to assess the detection performance of a novel three-vector ICM device equipped with a dedicated AF algorithm. Methods and results Sixty-six patients (86.4% males; mean age 60.4 \ub1 9.4 years) at risk to present AF episodes, having undergone the novel ICM implant (BioMonitor, Biotronik SE&Co. KG, Berlin, Germany), were enrolled. External 48-h ECG Holter was performed 4 weeks after the device implantation. The automatic ICM AF classification was compared with the manual Holter arrhythmia recordings. Of the overall study population, 63/66 (95.5%) had analysable Holter data, 39/63 (62%) showed at least one true AF episode. All these patients had at least one AF episode stored in the ICM. On Holter monitoring, 24/63 (38%) patients did not show AF episodes, in 16 of them (16/24, 67%), the ICM confirmed the absence of AF. The AF detection sensitivity and positive predictive value for episodes' analysis were 95.4 and 76.3%, respectively. Conclusion Continuous monitoring using this novel device, equipped with a dedicated detection algorithm, yields an accurate and reliable detection of AF episodes. The ICM is a promising tool for tailoring individual AF patient management. Further long-term prospective studies are necessary to confirm these encouraging results