La perspectiva académica en las políticas públicas educativas en México. El caso de la Universidad Veracruzana

1 archivo PDF (9 páginas). magyeoipRESUMEN: Las políticas públicas están enfocadas a orientar y regir la actuación de la autoridad en un sector determinado, encaminado a su ejecución, y aquí documentaremos cómo son observadas las políticas educativas en una institución de educación superior. Nuestro objetivo es conocer la percepción de los académicos de la Universidad Veracruzana, en la región Veracruz, específicamente del área académica económica-administrativa, respecto a las políticas educativas. En la primera parte se presenta la perspectiva organizacional del tema con autores como Simon y Lindblom, Cohen, March y Olsen; se da sustento teórico al concepto de políticas públicas con autores como Cabrero y Pardo. Posteriormente se comenta un ejemplo de América Latina —Chile específicamente— de cómo la participación ciudadana ha coadyuvado en la definición, normatividad y ejecución de las políticas educativas. En segundo lugar, se resumen los objetivos del programa sectorial de educación para el periodo 2007-2012, y, para el énfasis que se pone en la calidad educativa como uno de los ejes de las políticas educativas en nuestro país, se expone el sustento teórico de Crozier. En la tercera parte se presentan los resultados de una encuesta aplicada a los académicos de la Universidad Veracruzana para conocer su participación en las políticas públicas educativas. Abstract Here we are able to see troubles of public politics in the High Educational System of Mexico. Public politics are focused to direct and govern authorities in a given sector and their executions. We will see how educational politics are observed in a high education institution. The objective of this work is to know the Veracruzana University academics’ perception, Veracruz locality, specifically in the economic-management areas with respect of the educational politics. In the first part, you will see the organizational perspective from Simon and Lindblom, Cohen, March and Olsen; it gives theoretical support to the public politic concept from Caballero and Pardo. Later it comments about a Latin America example –Chile specifically– on which citizen participation has helped in definition, regulation and execution of the educational politics. In the second part, you will find an educational sector program objectives 2007-2012 summary and the emphasis on educational quality as a main line of the educational politics in Mexico, based on Crozier theoretical support. In the third part, youwill find results from academics’ interview from the Veracruzana University in order to know their participation in educational public politics. PALABRAS CLAVE: Veracruz, educación. KEYWORDS: Veracruz, educatio

¿Cuál es el conocimiento básico que los profesores necesitan para ser más efectivos en sus clases? El caso del concepto Reacción química.

Shulman introdujo en 1987 el concepto de conocimiento básico de un profesor concebido como un producto de la investigación: “Los hallazgos de la investigación sobre la enseñanza efectiva son típicamente considerados como parte legítima de un conocimiento básico”. Para Shulman dar una clase efectiva implica poseer unas habilidades básicas, conocimiento del contenido y habilidades pedagógicas generales, pero concibe estos dos últimos elementos amalgamados en lo que denominó “conocimiento pedagógico del contenido” CPC). En este artículo se documenta y discute el CPC de cinco profesores experimentados en su curso de Química General Universitaria sobre el concepto de Reacción Química. Hemos seguido la metodología de la Representación del Contenido (ReCo) y de los Repertorios de experiencia Profesional y Pedagógica ePyPs) de Loughran et ál. Como muestra final de lo que puede obtenerse con dichos documentos hemos propuesto en las conclusiones un decálogo de puntos importantes a considerar cuando se pretenda dar una clase efectiva sobre este tema.

Myocarditis in Malta in the COVID-19 vaccination era : a population-based study

BACKGROUND: Vaccination against COVID-19 is crucial for controlling this scourge. COVID/vaccination deniers often rationalise their unfounded fears by citing rare vaccination side-effects. One of the most frequently cited side effects is myocarditis, especially in younger persons. Malta has very high vaccination rates. This study was carried out to ascertain whether admissions to hospital for myocarditis changed in any during the vaccination rollout, up to October 2021, when 83.4% of Malta’s population of circa half a million had had their first 1st dose.METHODS: Malta is served by one large regional hospital (Mater Dei Hospital). Anonymous data for admissions with a diagnosis of myocarditis (ICD I40, I41, I51.4) were obtained for 01/2016-10/2021. Myocarditis discharges and 95% confidence intervals were plotted for 2016-2020. Myocarditis discharges for Jan-Oct 2021 were plotted separately.RESULTS: There were no outlier values for myocarditis discharges in either direction for any age for any of the two sexes.CONCLUSION: Myocarditis, independent of vaccination, is commonest in young males, half resolving and some developing dilated cardiomyopathy, possibly leading to transplantation or death. The ongoing mass vaccination with novel messenger RNA vaccines resulted in reports of myocarditis in male teens, this being a rare side effect. The lack of significantly increased rates of myocarditis admission in any age age/sex group in Malta confirms that only rarely, myocarditis may be temporally associated with COVID vaccination which almost invariably runs a benign course and that this risk is very low, far lower than myocarditis due to actual COVID infection.peer-reviewe

Una secuencia de enseñanza/ aprendizaje para los conceptos de sustancia y reacción química con base en la naturaleza de la ciencia y la tecnología

Dentro del proyecto “Enseñanza y Aprendizaje sobre la Naturaleza de la Ciencia y Tecnología” (NdCyT) se describe una secuencia de enseñanza/aprendizaje (SEA) para el primer curso de Química Universitaria, en torno a las competencias científicas «definir» y «modelar». La secuencia involucra a los estudiantes en la historia y las definiciones de los conceptos «sustancia» y «reacción química» que son los más importantes en los cursos de química. Durante la secuencia los estudiantes tienen que formular definiciones cada vez mejores de estos conceptos en los niveles macroscópico y nanoscópico, para que construyan la idea que “definir es modelar”. Se enfrentan a lecturas acerca de los aspectos históricos y experimentales de ambos conceptos. Adicionalmente, se analiza su puesta en práctica el primer semestre del año 2012 y los cambios que surgieron de esa primera evaluación

Totarol content and cytotoxicity varies significantly in different types of propolis

Propolis is a complex honeybee product deposited in the beehives, where it protects the hive and its occupants from microbial infection. Propolis has several reported medical applications in view of its numerous bioactive properties. The water insoluble fraction of crude Maltese honeybee propolis was extracted in methanol. Analysis by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed the diterpenoid totarol to be the predominant constituent in all samples. The evaporated methanol residue was dissolved in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) and used for cytotoxicity testing on human cancer cell lines using standard 3-[4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. Results obtained show that the propolis collected from Malta has cytotoxic activity in cancer cells in vitro. However, propolis collected from different sites, only a few miles apart and at different times of the year, showed marked variations in the cytotoxicity, which correlated clearly with totarol content. This reflects the differences in the species of plants, on which the bees had foraged and indicates the importance of collection site and season of collection on the bioactivity of propolis products.peer-reviewe

The efficacy and safety of Tipapkinogen Sovacivec therapeutic HPV vaccine in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades 2 and 3 : Randomized controlled phase II trial with 2.5 years of follow-up

Background. While prophylactic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination exists, women are still developing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 2 or 3 for which an immunotherapeutic, non-surgical, approach may be effective. The primary aim was to assess the efficacy of tipapkinogen sovacivec (TS) vaccine in achieving histologic resolution of CIN2/3 associated with high risk (HR) HPV types. Methods. Women 18 years and older who had confirmed CIN2/3 were enrolled in a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled phase II trial and assigned to drug in a 2:1 ratio (vaccine:placebo). The primary endpoint occurred at month 6 when the excisional therapy was performed; cytology and HR HPV typing were performed at months 3, 6 and every six months through month 30. The safety population included all patients who received at least one dose of study drug. Results. Of the 129 women randomized to vaccine and 63 to placebo, complete resolution was significantly higher in the vaccine group than placebo for CIN 2/3 regardless of the 13 HR HPV types assayed (24% vs. 10%, p <0.05); as well as for only CIN 3 also regardless of HR HPV type (21% vs. 0%, p <0.01). Irrespective of baseline HPV infection, viral DNA clearance was higher in the vaccine group compared to placebo (p <0.01). The vaccine was well tolerated with the most common adverse events being injection site reactions. Conclusions. The TS vaccine provides histologic clearance of CIN 2/3 irrespective of HR HPV type in one third of subjects and is generally safe through 30 months. (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.Peer reviewe