Estudio de corpus de las oraciones de relativo en el inglés australiano de los siglos XVIII y XIX

Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Filología, leída el 18-01-2022This study aims at analysing relative clauses in Australian English from 1788 to 1900 and the possible influence which 18th and 19th century grammarians had on the first settlers and, lately, on the Australian inhabitants. The main objective is to analyse the different relativization strategies, that is, case-marked wh- relatives, the invariable that,and the gap relativizer zero, and the effect of prescriptive grammars, which could be seen on the medium, written or oral, and the formality of the context. These two factors may result in the use of any of the strategies previously described either by following normative principles or by slowly distancing from such precepts, which might contribute to an endonormative innovation from a linguistic exonormative reality based on British English. Additionally, this investigation could determine to what extent the text category and the medium may affect the distribution of relatives, the syntactic functions which they realize, the placement of the preposition when complementing a preposition, and the typology, that is, restrictive or non-restrictive. In conclusion, this research will contribute to a detailed analysis which allows, on the one hand, to learn about some aspects of early Australian English and, on the other hand, a diachronic view of this specific variety or a future contrastive analysis with other varieties of English...El presente estudio se centra en las oraciones de relativo en el inglés australiano desde1788 a 1900 y la posible influencia de las gramáticas prescriptivas en los primeros pobladores y, posteriormente, en los habitantes de Australia. El principal objetivo es el análisis de las diferentes estrategias de relativización, a saber, los pronombres de relativo introducidos por wh, el invariable that y el relativo omitido zero, y la repercusión de las gramáticas prescriptivas del siglo XVIII, que podría verse reflejada, por un lado, en el medio, es decir, escrito o hablado, y por otro lado, en la formalidad del contexto. Estos dos factores podrían suponer el uso de cada una de las estrategias bien siguiendo las normas dictadas en las gramáticas o mostrando cierto distanciamiento de tales preceptos, que podría dar paso a su vez a una innovación endonormativa desde una realidad lingüística exonormativa basada en el inglés británico. Adicionalmente, este análisis puede determinar hasta qué punto la categoría textual y el medio pueden afectar a la distribución de los relativos, las funciones sintácticas que desempeñan, la colocación de la preposición en el caso de tratarse de un complemento de la misma y la tipología, es decir, si la oración es especificativa o explicativa. En definitiva, este estudio pretende contribuir a un análisis detallado que permitirá, por un lado, conocer la base lingüística del inglés australiano y, por otro, un estudio diacrónico de la propia variedad o un futuro análisis contrastivo con otras variantes del inglés...Fac. de FilologíaTRUEunpu

La gamificación del aula universitaria: jugar para aprender

Esta memoria resume los objetivos y resultados del proyecto de innovación docente nº 57, de título "La gamificación del aula universitaria: jugar para aprender". La gamificación es una técnica didáctica por medio de la cual se introducen elementos propios del juego en contextos que, en principio, no se conciben como juegos. Más concretamente, el proyecto se ha centrado en la implementación de las herramientas Edpuzzle, Kahoot, Mentimeter, Padlet, Quizlet y Socrative. Los resultados demuestran que estas herramientas contribuyen a mejorar no sólo el interés y motivación de los alumnos sino también su trabajo colaborativo y adquisión de contenidos

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

EPIdemiology of Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury (EPIS-AKI) : Study protocol for a multicentre, observational trial

More than 300 million surgical procedures are performed each year. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication after major surgery and is associated with adverse short-term and long-term outcomes. However, there is a large variation in the incidence of reported AKI rates. The establishment of an accurate epidemiology of surgery-associated AKI is important for healthcare policy, quality initiatives, clinical trials, as well as for improving guidelines. The objective of the Epidemiology of Surgery-associated Acute Kidney Injury (EPIS-AKI) trial is to prospectively evaluate the epidemiology of AKI after major surgery using the latest Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) consensus definition of AKI. EPIS-AKI is an international prospective, observational, multicentre cohort study including 10 000 patients undergoing major surgery who are subsequently admitted to the ICU or a similar high dependency unit. The primary endpoint is the incidence of AKI within 72 hours after surgery according to the KDIGO criteria. Secondary endpoints include use of renal replacement therapy (RRT), mortality during ICU and hospital stay, length of ICU and hospital stay and major adverse kidney events (combined endpoint consisting of persistent renal dysfunction, RRT and mortality) at day 90. Further, we will evaluate preoperative and intraoperative risk factors affecting the incidence of postoperative AKI. In an add-on analysis, we will assess urinary biomarkers for early detection of AKI. EPIS-AKI has been approved by the leading Ethics Committee of the Medical Council North Rhine-Westphalia, of the Westphalian Wilhelms-University Münster and the corresponding Ethics Committee at each participating site. Results will be disseminated widely and published in peer-reviewed journals, presented at conferences and used to design further AKI-related trials. Trial registration number NCT04165369

A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

Meeting abstrac

Implantación de metodología docente basada en la motivación vocacional de los alumnos del Centro Universitario de la Defensa de San Javier

[SPA] Durante el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, el alumno debe adquirir las competencias que desarrollarán en sus futuras empresas, instituciones u organizaciones. El éxito está fuertemente ligado al grado de implicación del alumno y, a su vez, éste está directamente relacionado con su motivación vocacional. Por ello, un objetivo primordial debe ser potenciar la motivación vocacional. Siguiendo este enfoque, se presenta y analiza la estrategia docente que se ha desarrollado en el Centro Universitario de la Defensa de San Javier durante la implantación progresiva de la titulación de „Grado de Ingeniería de Organización Industrial‟. Hay que resaltar que todos nuestros alumnos son caballeros y damas alumnos de la Academia General del Aire. Por tanto, al finalizar su formación integral (militar, aeronáutica y académico universitario), los egresados desarrollarán su profesión como oficiales del Ejército, lo que conlleva a que todos ingresen con gran motivación vocacional y ésta es potenciada durante todo el proceso formativo.[ENG] During the teaching-learning process, students should acquire skills they will further develop in their future companies, institutions or organizations. The success of this is strongly linked to the degree of student involvement which is, in turn, directly related to their vocational motivation. Therefore, a primary goal should be to strengthen student vocational motivation. In accordance with this, the teaching strategy that has been developed at the University Centre of Defense in San Javier in the framework of the progressively introduced engineering degree in Industrial Organization is presented and analyzed. It should be noted that all of our students are also students of the Spanish Air Force Academy. Thus, at the end of their comprehensive training (which includes military, aeronautical and academic training), those who graduate will further develop their careers as military officers. This ensures that all students enter with a high level of vocational motivation, which is further enhanced throughout the training process

Effect of a Pulmonary Embolism Diagnostic Strategy on Clinical Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized for COPD Exacerbation

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