Hawking Radiation of a Non-stationary Kerr-Newman Black Hole: Spin-Rotation Coupling Effect

Hawking evaporation of Klein-Gordon and Dirac particles in a non-stationary Kerr-Newman space-time is investigated by using a method of generalized tortoise coordinate transformation. The location and the temperature of the event horizon of a non-stationary Kerr-Newman black hole are derived. It is shown that the temperature and the shape of the event horizon depend not only on the time but also on the angle. However, the Fermionic spectrum of Dirac particles displays a new spin-rotation coupling effect which is absent from that of Bosonic distribution of scalar particles. The character of this effect is its obvious dependence on different helicity states of particles spin-1/2. PACS numbers: 04.70.Dy, 97.60.LfComment: 12 pages, revtex, no figure, to appear in Gen. Rel. Grav. 34 (2002) No.

No New Quantum Thermal Effect of Dirac Particles in a Charged Vaidya - de Sitter Black Hole

It is shown that Hawking radiation of Dirac particles does not exist for $P_1, Q_2$ components but for $P_2, Q_1$ components in a charged Vaidya - de Sitter black hole. Both the location and the temperature of the event horizon change with time. The thermal radiation spectrum of Dirac particles is the same as that of Klein-Gordon particles. Our result demonstrates that there is no new quantum effect in the thermal radiation of Dirac particles in any spherically symmetry black holes.Comment: 12pt revtex, 10 pages, no figure, accepted for IL Nuovo Cimento

Generalized Laws of Black Hole Thermodynamics and Quantum Conservation Laws on Hawking Radiation Process

Four classical laws of black hole thermodynamics are extended from exterior (event) horizon to interior (Cauchy) horizon. Especially, the first law of classical thermodynamics for Kerr-Newman black hole (KNBH) is generalized to those in quantum form. Then five quantum conservation laws on the KNBH evaporation effect are derived in virtue of thermodynamical equilibrium conditions. As a by-product, Bekenstein-Hawking's relation $S=A/4$ is exactly recovered.Comment: Latex, 8 pages, no figur

Four Quantum Conservation Laws on Black Hole Equilibrium Radiation Process and Quantum Black Hole Entropy

The classical first law of thermodynamic for Kerr-Newmann black hole (KNBH) is generalized to that in quantum form on event horizon. Then four quantum conservation laws on the KNBH equilibrium radiation process are derived, and Bekenstein-Hawking's relation S=A/4 is recovered. It can be argued that the classical entropy of black hole arise from the quantum entropy of field quanta or quasi-particles inside the hole.Comment: 10 Pages, in Latex, no figur

Four Quantum Conservation Laws for Black Hole Stationary Equilibrium Radiation Processes

The classical first law of thermodynamics for a Kerr-Newman black hole (KNBH) is generalized to a law in quantum form on the event horizon. Then four quantum conservation laws on the KNBH equilibrium radiation process are derived. The Bekenstein-Hawking relation ${\cal{S}}={\cal{A}}/4$ is exactly established. It can be inferred that the classical entropy of black hole arises from the quantum entropy of field quanta or quasi-particles inside the hole.Comment: 7 pages, no figure, Revtex in 12p

Addendum: Hawking Radiation of Photons in a Variable-mass Kerr Black Hole

Hawking evaporation of photons in a variable-mass Kerr space-time is investigated by using a method of the generalized tortoise coordinate transformation. The blackbody radiant spectrum of photons displays a new spin-rotation coupling effect obviously dependent on different helicity states of photons.Comment: 8 pages, no figures, Latex(use kluwer.cls), to appear in Gen. Rel. Grav. 34 (2002) No.

Hawking Radiation of Photons in a Vaidya-de Sitter Black Hole

Hawking evaporation of photons in a Vaidya-de Sitter black hole is investigated by using the method of generalized tortoise coordinate transformation. Both the location and the temperature of the event horizon depend on the time. It is shown that Hawking radiation of photons exists only for the complex Maxwell scalar $\phi_0$ in the advanced Eddington-Finkelstein coordinate system. This asymmetry of Hawking radiation for different components of Maxwell fields probably arises from the asymmetry of spacetime in the advanced Eddington-Finkelstein coordinate system. It is shown that the black body radiant spectrum of photons resembles that of Klein-Gordon particles. PACS numbers: 04.70.Dy, 97.60.LfComment: Latex, 10 pages, no figure, to appear in Int. J. Theor. Phys. 41 (2002) No.

Maxwell-Boltzmann, Bose-Einstein, Fermi-Dirac statistical entropies in a D-dimensional stationary axisymmetry space-time

Statistical entropies of a general relativistic ideal gas obeying Maxwell-Boltzmann, Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac statistics are calculated in a general axisymmetry space-time of arbitrary dimension. This general formation can be used to discuss the entropy of a quantum field not only in the flat space-time but also in a curved space-time. It can also be used to compare the entropies in different dimensional space-times. Analytical expressions for the thermodynamic potentials are presented, and their behaviors in the high or low temperature approximation are discussed. The entropy of a quantum field is shown to be proportional to the volume of optical space or that of the dragged optical space only in the high temperature approximation or in the zero mass case. In the case of a black hole, the entropy of a quantum field at the Hartle-Hawking temperature is proportional to the horizon "area" if and only if the horizon is located at the light velocity surface.Comment: 22 pages, no figure, in revtex (12pt), submitted to Phys. Rev.

A possible mechanism for the negative capacitance observed in organic devices

The mechanism of negative capacitance, e.g. inductance, induced by a sufficient electrical field in the organic device is investigated. The cations in organic bulk are proposed to be driven by the applied voltage and to accumulate at the interface, and further to generate the surface states or media states. These states result in a larger junction current through the device, indicating the negative capacitances which are simulated in three situations: impedance spectrum, capacitance measurement and current response. This simple kinetic model may be helpful to understand why the negative capacitance phenomenon is observed in various organic devices.Comment: 14 pages; 4 figure

Symmetry-energy dependence of the dynamical dipole mode in the Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck model

Using an isospin-dependent Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (IBUU) transport model, we have studied the connection between the symmetry energy and features of the dynamical dipole mode in fusion reactions with charge-asymmetric entrance channel. The yield and angular distribution of the prompt photon emission are extracted by a bremsstrahlung approach. The experimental data of $^{36}$Ar+$^{96}$Zr at 16 MeV/nucleon and $^{32}$S + $^{100}$Mo at 9.3 MeV/nucleon are compared with IBUU model calculations, and the soft symmetry energy is found to describe the data reasonably well