Development of the Model Class of the Subject "Pinde and Shehui (Rule and Society)" Focused on Citizenship at Elementary Level in China : An Analysis of the Lesson "Let's make Rules!" in 5th Grade.

The purpose of this paper is demonstrating the efficacy of the lesson which I developed about making rules for fostering citizenship to students in China through the practice and analysis. In this lesson, I let students make some solution (rules) through the problem of having pets in apartments. The result of the analysis, it was revealed three things below. 1) Students were interested in making rules. 2) Students understood the importance about keeping rules. 3) Students could decide the way of solute the problems independently

The Actual and Problem of the International Understanding Education in China : The Case of the Subject "Moral and Society" of the Elementary School

This paper is aimed to search the actual and problem of the International Understanding education in China through the analysis of the subject "Moral and society". The result of analysis, the International Understanding education is aimed to cultivate "global citizen" from the global perspective constituted three stages. the International Understanding education formed the contents mainly that: world geography, economics, world heritages, ethnic culture, and the issues of earth. Children set out the themes of learning, and then they learn a lot of activities: collecting and disposition information, imitation, debating, experience, and presentation. However the International Understanding education also still have many problems

A Study on the Construction of Contents Elementary Subject "Moral and Society" in China : From viewpoint of the developing of "Awareness of Citizenship"

This paper focuses on the contents of the subject "Moral and Society" at elementary school in China, with the aim of analysis is revealing the principles of the Construction of content and meaning in the subject. The result of the analysis, this subject is constructed of the elements below. The sequence is arranged following the principle of expanding environment which developing from individual, household, schools, community, country, nation, to the world. Therefore, the subject is intended that the learner can understand the social phenomena closing their life readily. And they can be fostered the ability to participate to the society and the awareness of citizenship like the moral practice and relationship for the society through the learning

The Essential Qualities Designing Social Studies' Curriculums in Japan, China, and South Korea : Comparing the Curriculum in Elementary Education

Today, Citizenship education is emphasized strongly in East-Asia. It is also centered on social studies. In this article, it is aimed to inquiry of the essential qualities designing social studies' curriculums in Japan, China, and South Korea where are represented nations in East Asia. I, therefore, analysis and compare the aims, scopes, sequences, and approaches of teaching three curriculums; Curriculum Guideline (2008) of elementary in Japan, Curriculum Standard of China (2001), and Curriculum Standard of South Korea (2009). Result of the analysis, each curriculums are designed characteristically on the aims, scopes, sequences

Surface modification of recycled coir fibers with hybrid coating and its effect on the properties of ABS composites

In this work, a hybrid coating (TSMA) was produced using tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS)/KH550/Styrene maleic anhydride copolymer (SMA) as raw materials. The coating was afterwards applied to modify recycled coir (r-coir) fibers via dip-coating. R-coir fibers reinforced ABS composites were then prepared and the reinforcing effect of fibers on the composite structure was investigated, as well. The r-coir fibers coated with TSMA were hydrolyzed in air for 3 days. The SiO _2 particles produced by sol-gel reaction of TEOS were used to connect KH550 and SMA to the surface of the fibers and form an organic-inorganic ‘armor’ structure. The successful surface modification of the r-coir fibers was proved via FTIR spectroscopic study and the improvement of their decomposition temperature was evidenced by TGA. Furthermore, the homogeneous dispersion of TSMA on the surface of r-coir fibers was observed via SEM. In addition, the tensile strength of single fibers was found to increase by 36.1%. According to the results, TSMA can be successfully homogenized on the fiber surface, enabling one to repair the damaged areas and improve the tensile strength of single fibers. Besides, good compatibility between r-coir fibers and ABS was revealed by contact angle measurements. Furthermore, the bending strength and elastic modulus of TSMA-modified r-coir fibers/ABS composites were improved by 6% and 27%, respectively. Therefore, the method of plant fiber modification proposed in present work provides a reliable way for effective reuse of r-coir fibers

Sparse Parabolic Radon Transform with Nonconvex Mixed Regularization for Multiple Attenuation

The existence of multiple reflections brings difficulty to seismic data processing and interpretation in seismic reflection exploration. Parabolic Radon transform is widely used in multiple attenuation because it is easily implemented, highly robust and efficient. However, finite seismic acquisition aperture of seismic data causes energy diffusion in the Radon domain, which leads to multiple residuals. In this paper, we propose a sparse parabolic Radon transform with the nonconvex Lq1-Lq2(0q1,q21) mixed regularization (SPRTLq1-Lq2) that constrains the sparsity of primary and multiple reflections to overcome the energy diffusion and improve the effect of multiple attenuation, respectively. This nonconvex mixed regularization problem is solved approximately by the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) algorithm, and we give the convergence conditions of the ADMM algorithm. The proposed method is compared with least squares parabolic Radon transform (LSPRT) and sparse parabolic Radon transform based on L1 regularization (SPRTL1) for multiple attenuation in the synthetic data and field data. We demonstrate that it improves the sparsity and resolution of the Radon domain data, and better results are obtained

Research on the Heading Calibration for Foot-Mounted Inertial Pedestrian-Positioning System Based on Accelerometer Attitude

Foot-mounted inertial pedestrian positioning (FIPP) plays an important role for facilitating pedestrian activities. It is suitable for indoor environment applications where global navigation satellite systems are unavailable such as during firefighting and military actions. However, the positioning error of FIPP can increase rapidly due to the measurement noise of the sensors. Zero Velocity Update (ZUPT) is an error correction method proposed to solve this accumulative error. However, the heading misalignment angle, which results in a continuous increase in the positioning error, cannot be estimated by ZUPT. In order to solve this problem, the improved ZUPT based on the Improved Attitude Algorithm (IAA) according to accelerometer measurements is proposed in this paper. When a pedestrian is in the stance phase, the horizontal attitude is estimated by using accelerometer measurements. According to the relationship between the heading misalignment angle and horizontal attitude, the heading misalignment angle is obtained by a series of mathematical derivations. By taking the velocity error and the attitude misalignment angle as observations, the heading misalignment angle and positioning error can be estimated and compensated for through the Kalman filter. Finally, we use MTI-G710 sensor manufactured by XSENS for the actual test and the experiment results show that the proposed method is effectively correct