Leveraging Physical and Digital Liminoidal Spaces: the Case of the #EATCambridge Festival

This paper conceptualises the way physical and digital spaces associated with festivals are being harnessed to create new spaces of consumption. It focuses on the ways local food businesses leverage opportunities in the tourist-historic city of Cambridge. Data from a survey of 28 food producers (in 2014) followed by 35 in-depth interviews at the EAT Cambridge food festival (in 2015) are used to explain how local producers overcome the challenges of physical peripherality and why they use social media to help support them challenges restrictive political and economic structures. We present a new conceptual framework which suggests the development of place through food festivals in heritage cities can be understood by pulling together the concepts of ‘event leveraging’, ‘liminoid spaces’ (physical and digital) and modes of ‘creative resistance’ which helps the survival of small producers against inner city gentrification and economically-enforced peripherality

A multi-ancestry genome-wide study incorporating gene-smoking interactions identifies multiple new loci for pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure

Elevated blood pressure (BP), a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, is influenced by both genetic and lifestyle factors. Cigarette smoking is one such lifestyle factor. Across five ancestries, we performed a genome-wide gene-smoking interaction study of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse pressure (PP) in 129 913 individuals in stage 1 and follow-up analysis in 480 178 additional individuals in stage 2. We report here 136 loci significantly associated with MAP and/or PP. Of these, 61 were previously published through main-effect analysis of BP traits, 37 were recently reported by us for systolic BP and/or diastolic BP through gene-smoking interaction analysis and 38 were newly identified (P <5 x 10(-8), false discovery rate <0.05). We also identified nine new signals near known loci. Of the 136 loci, 8 showed significant interaction with smoking status. They include CSMD1 previously reported for insulin resistance and BP in the spontaneously hypertensive rats. Many of the 38 new loci show biologic plausibility for a role in BP regulation. SLC26A7 encodes a chloride/bicarbonate exchanger expressed in the renal outer medullary collecting duct. AVPR1A is widely expressed, including in vascular smooth muscle cells, kidney, myocardium and brain. FHAD1 is a long non-coding RNA overexpressed in heart failure. TMEM51 was associated with contractile function in cardiomyocytes. CASP9 plays a central role in cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Identified only in African ancestry were 30 novel loci. Our findings highlight the value of multi-ancestry investigations, particularly in studies of interaction with lifestyle factors, where genomic and lifestyle differences may contribute to novel findings.Peer reviewe

Transformational resilience, resistance and social change: the role of creative social legacy initiatives in Rio's favelas

This thesis explores how CriaAtivo Film School (CriaAtivo), a social mega-event legacy initiative, enabled marginalized young people to overcome the disruptions and socio-cultural challenges they were confronted with when Brazil recently hosted mega events, specifically the Rio 2016 Olympic Games. Disruptions included forced and violent evictions and political strategies such as the Unidade de Polícia Pacificadora (UPP - Police Pacification Unit) intervention. These measures further exacerbated many existing social inequalities and exclusions that marginalized communities had been experiencing. Research to date has highlighted that it is these ‘invisible’ individuals and groups who are often forgotten and excluded in mega-event plans and developments. This research finds that creative social legacy initiatives are important for young marginalized individuals in facilitating social change at the micro, meso, and macro-levels. Such initiatives can assist young people in learning new creative skills, creating and developing new social network structures and increasing their social capital. Essentially, legacy initiatives can be a key factor in helping individuals develop personal resilience against future mega-event disruptions and assist them in strengthening their everyday resistance. By drawing on the theoretical concepts of resilience, resistance, and social capital to explore how they are mutually assistive, this study demonstrates how these aspects link together to bring about a process of ‘transformational resilience’. In-depth qualitative data was generated within a case study methodology (CriaAtivo) using multi-method techniques (focus group, semi-structured interviews and an online survey). Thematic network analysis was used to systematically interrogate and interpret the emergent data. Exploration into the transition stages of the CriaAtivo process found it had empowered marginalized young people to overcome adverse social conditions that affected them – socially, culturally, and economically. Furthermore, CriaAtivo clearly acted as a catalyst in generating social capital and fostering positive social change for marginalized young people living in Rio’s peripheral and favela communities. It is recommended that similar social legacy initiatives are adopted in International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) regulations for a wider impact on their effectiveness. This research highlights the invaluable role that social legacy initiatives play in marginalized communities affected by mega-events

Leveraging digital and physical spaces to ‘de-risk’ and access Rio's favela communities

Building relationships of trust and mutual understanding between researcher(s), local stakeholder(s) and gatekeeper(s) is widely regarded as a critical factor in successful research. Methodological strategies and tactics are often based on contextual variability and accessing some communities presents a harder and riskier proposition than others. Here we propose an empirically driven and holistic methodological approach for accessing high-risk communities whereby deprivation and criminality characterises everyday living. Following the ‘legacy’ of both the 2014 FIFA World Cup and Rio 2016 Olympics, this paper charts a research journey by detailing how local perspectives were accessed at the heart of one urban favela in Rio: Morro dos Prazeres. The methodological framework is underpinned by leveraging social networks to aid the identification of key stakeholders required to access and bridge the void between researcher(s) and community. Furthermore, creative digital and physical access routes were also employed (including social messaging platforms such as ‘WhatsApp’) which helped build and maintain trust with highly respected community leaders before, during and after the research. We suggest that our proposed ‘Digi-cal model’ (reflecting the digital and physical nexus) approach is transferable to similar tourism projects that require sensitive approaches and complex stakeholder navigation in ‘high-risk’ community settings

The Tourism, Hospitality and Events Student's Guide to Study and Employability

This essential companion will guide you on your journey throughout your studies in tourism, hospitality and events management, from starting your university or college programme, to developing the essential skills needed for successful study and employment, to ensuring you perform well in assessments, through to applying for and securing a graduate level job and entering the workplace. Highly practical and accessible, chapters include: Think points to encourage you to pause and reflect on what the topic means for you Reflection exercises to help you evaluate your own skills, attributes and strengths/weaknesses Industry insights to offer you a unique view into the industry you’ll be working in Employer insights to provide you with real-world case examples from employers Student insights to show you different perspectives experienced by your peers Written by experts in the field, this friendly guide will provide you with everything you need to succeed and support you along every step of the way through your studies and into industry

A female case of Sedaghatian type spondylometaphyseal dysplasia

Sedaghatian type spondylometaphyseal dysplasia is a rare osteochondrodysplasia first described in 1980. The original report describes an Iranian infant with mild rhizomelic limb shortening, severe metaphyseal cupping and irregularity and platyspondyly who died shortly after birth. The baby was born to a consanguineous couple who had reportedly had two similarly affected infants, one male and one female. No documented radiology is available on the female infant. Since this publication, 10 further case reports of male infants with this condition have appeared in the literature all of whom have died shortly after birth. We report a fully documented female case of Sedaghatian type spondylometaphyseal dysplasia providing further evidence to support an autosomal recessive mechanism of inheritance

Thigh-length compression stockings and DVT after stroke

Controversy exists as to whether neoadjuvant chemotherapy improves survival in patients with invasive bladder cancer, despite randomised controlled trials of more than 3000 patients. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effect of such treatment on survival in patients with this disease

Predicted 25-hydroxyvitamin D score and incident type 2 diabetes in the Framingham Offspring Study1234

Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that vitamin D is involved in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D)