Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development-Infant Scale, Spanish Translation

The home environment has a critical influence on an infant’s development and well-being. The Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development-Infant Scale (AHEMD-IS) is an instrument that has been developed to assess the home environment. This article illustrates the translation, validation, and cultural adaptation process of the AHEMD-IS from English to Spanish. The AHEMD-IS underwent a comprehensive process involving a four-phase translation process: (1) Forward translation, (2) Semantic equivalence, (3) Content equivalence testing, and (4) Final version development. Steps 1 and 2 resulted in linguistic alterations from the initial translation to enhance clarity for general public understanding. In step 3, mothers reported that the instrument was clear and easy to complete. Step 4 involved a final review of the instrument. The final outcome is a validated instrument that may prove beneficial when evaluating the home environment with Spanish speaking populations, particularly those of Mexican descent

Limitations of the Neurological Evolutional Exam (ENE) as a motor assessment for first graders

Background: Many clinicians and researchers in Brazil consider the Neurological Developmental Exam (NDE), a valid and reliable assessment for Brazilian school-aged children. However, since its inception, several tests have emerged that, according to some researchers, provide more in-depth evaluation of motor ability and go beyond the detection of general motor status (soft neurological signs). Objectives: To highlight the limitations of the NDE as a motor skill assessment for first graders. Methods: Thirty-five children were compared on seven selected items of the NDE, seven of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test (BOT), and seven of the Visual-Motor Integration test (VMI). Participants received a 'pass' or 'fail' score for each item, as prescribed by the respective test manual. Results: Chi-square and ANOVA results indicated that the vast majority of children (74%) passed the NDE items, whereas values for the other tests were 29% (BOT) and 20% (VMI). Analysis of specific categories (e. g. visual, fine, and gross motor coordination) revealed a similar outcome. Conclusions: Our data suggest that while the NDE may be a valid and reliable test for the detection of general motor status, its use as a diagnostic/remedial tool for identifying motor ability is questionable. One of our recommendations is the consideration of a revised NDE in light of the current needs of clinicians and researchers.14537237

‘Ripple’ Effect on Infant zBMI Trajectory of an Internet-based Weight Loss Program for Low-income Postpartum Women

Background: Weight loss interventions can have positive ‘ripple’ effects on untreated partners in the home, but ripple effects on infants are unknown. Objective: To examine whether a 12-month internet-based weight loss intervention for postpartum mothers had a positive ripple effect on participants’ infants. Methods: A 12-month cluster randomized, assessor-blind, clinical trial enrolling 371 postpartum women at 12 Women, Infants, Children clinics in CA. Clinics were randomized to standardWomen, Infants, Children or an internet-based weight loss intervention for mothers. Results: A total of 333 of the 371 (89.8%) mothers assented for infant participation. Infants were 5.3 ± 3.2 months; 75.9% were Hispanic and 64% were breastfeeding. Infant retention was 272/333 (82.7%) at 6 months post enrollment and 251/333 (75.3%) at 12 months post enrollment. In intent-to-treat analysis, a significant interaction between group and time was observed (p = 0.008) with the offspring of intervention mothers exhibiting lower zBMI change from study entry through 6 months (0.23 [CI, 0.03, 0.44] vs. 0.65 [0.50, 0.79] zBMI change, respectively; p = 0.001) but was not significant through 12 months (p = 0.16). Regardless of group, maternal reports at the final assessment indicated that infants (aged =17.2 ± 3.4 months) consumed sweetened beverages (0.93 ± 1.5/week), juice (2.0 ± 1.4/day), ‘junk food’ (7.8 ± 5.4/week) and fast food (2/month), and 46.7% of the infants had a TV in their bedroom. Conclusions: An internet-based weight loss program for low-income, postpartum mothers had a positive ‘ripple’ effect on the zBMI of infants in the home during the first 6 months of treatment

Low Birth Weight And Motor Development Outcomes: The Current Reality [baixo Peso Ao Nascer E Alterações No Desenvolvimento Motor: A Realidade Atual]

Objective: To review the literature about factors that may influence the occurrence of motor development deficits in low birth weight infants. Data sources: Studies with low birth weight infants published from 1984 to 2008, using the databases Medline and SciELO. Keywords were "low birth weight" and "motor development"; search was made on the English language. Data synthesis: Although variations in the development of children born preterm and full term are common, their understanding is still a challenge for professionals in the pediatric health area. Researchers use different assessments and scores, which makes the deficits more difficult to be diagnosed, understood and predicted. Different results are found depending on the type of evaluation, age and the population studied. It is well known that low birth weight infants are at a higher risk for cognitive, motor and behavioral problems. On this basis, a variety of studies that explore early intervention were expected; however, this is not the case. Conclusions: Due to the relationship between motor and other domains of development, its use is important for diagnostic purposes. There is a need to standardize results for a better understanding of the deficits that low birth weight children are likely to develop.2817076Foulder-Hughes, L.A., Cooke, R.W.I., Motor, cognitive, and behavioural disorders in children born very preterm (2003) Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 45 (2), pp. 97-103Shenkin, S.D., Starr, J.M., Deary, I.J., Birth weight and cognitive ability in childhood: A systematic review (2004) Psychol Bull, 130, pp. 989-1013Vohr, B.R., Progress in predicting outcomes for extremely low birth weight infants: Baby steps (2007) Acta Paediatrica, International Journal of Paediatrics, 96 (3), pp. 331-332. , DOI 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2006.00151.xBracewell, M., Marlow, N., Patterns of motor disability in very preterm children (2002) Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 8 (4), pp. 241-248. , DOI 10.1002/mrdd.10049Hadders-Algra, M., Evaluation of motor function in young infants by means of the assessment of general movements: A review (2001) Pediatric Physical Therapy, 13 (1), pp. 27-36Alexander, G., Pass, M.A., Slay, M., Premature Infants Child Development Reference, 6. , http://social.jrank.org/pages/506/Premature-Infants.html/, serial on the Internet, cited 2007 Nov 6. Available fromLow Birthweight: Country, Regional and Global Estimates, , http://www.who.int/reproductive-health/publications/low_birthweight/ low_birthweight_estimates.pdf/, United Nations Children's Fund, World Health Organization [homepage on the Internet]. cited 2007 Nov 8. Available fromThe Low Birth Weight Infant, , http://www.kbh.uu.se/imch/QUIIP.html, Quality improvement in perinatal care, the QUIIP Programme [homepage on the Internet]. cited 2007 Nov 6. 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(2006) Acta Paediatr, 95, pp. 1202-1208Campbell, S.K., Hedeker, D., Validity of the Test of Infant Motor Performance for discriminating among infants with varying risk for poor motor outcome (2001) Journal of Pediatrics, 139 (4), pp. 546-551. , DOI 10.1067/mpd.2001.117581Piper, M.C., Darren, J., (1994) Motor Assessment of the Developing Infant, , Philadelphia: SaundersBartlett, D.J., Fanning, J.E.K., Use of the Alberta Infant Motor Scale to Characterize the Motor Development of Infants Born Preterm at Eight Months Corrected Age (2003) Physical and Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, 23 (4), pp. 31-45. , DOI 10.1300/J006v23n04-03Cameron, E.C., Maehle, V., Comparison of active motor items in infants born preterm and infants born full term (2006) Pediatric Physical Therapy, 18 (3), pp. 197-203. , DOI 10.1097/01.pep.0000229969.02895.d6, PII 0000157720060183000004Sagnol, C., Debillon, T., Debu, B., Assessment of motor control using kinematics analysis in preschool children born very preterm (2007) Developmental Psychobiology, 49 (4), pp. 421-432. , DOI 10.1002/dev.20211Liebhardt, G., Sontheimer, D., Linderkamp, O., Visual-motor function of very low birth weight and full-term children at 3 1/2 to 4 years of age (2000) Early Human Development, 57 (1), pp. 33-47. , DOI 10.1016/S0378-3782(99)00056-0, PII S0378378299000560Gagliardo, H.G.R.G., Gimenes Goncalves, V.M., Lima, M.C.M.P., Francozo, M.D.F.D.C., Aranha Netto, A., Visual function and fine-motor control in small-for-gestational age infants (2004) Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria, 62 (4), pp. 955-962Groen, S.E., De Blecourt, A.C.E., Postema, K., Hadders-Algra, M., General movements in early infancy predict neuromotor development at 9 to 12 years of age (2005) Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 47 (11), pp. 731-738. , DOI 10.1017/S0012162205001544, PII S0012162205001544Snider, L.M., Majnemer, A., Mazer, B., Campbell, S., Bos, A.F., A comparison of the general movements assessment with traditional approaches to newborn and infant assessment: Concurrent validity (2008) Early Human Development, 84 (5), pp. 297-303. , DOI 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2007.07.004, PII S0378378207001223Feder, K.P., Majnemer, A., Bourbonnais, D., Platt, R., Blayney, M., Synnes, A., Handwriting performance in preterm children compared with term peers at age 6 to 7 years (2005) Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 47 (3), pp. 163-170. , DOI 10.1017/S0012162205000307Jongmans, M.J., Mercuri, E., Dubowitz, L.M.S., Henderson, S.E., Perceptual-motor difficulties and their concomitants in six-year-old children born prematurely (1998) Human Movement Science, 17 (4-5), pp. 629-653. , PII S0167945798000165Erikson, C., Allert, C., Brogren Carlberg, E., Katz-Salamon, M., Stability of longitudinal motor development in very low birthweight infants from 5 months to 5.5 years (2003) Acta Paediatrica, International Journal of Paediatrics, 92 (2), pp. 197-203Holsti, L., Grunau, R.V.E., Whitfield, M.F., Developmental coordination disorder in extremely low birth weight children at nine years (2002) Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 23 (1), pp. 9-15Van Haastert, I.C., De Vries, L.S., Helders, P.J., Jongmans, M.J., Early gross motor development of preterm infants according to the Alberta infant motor scale (2006) J Pediatr, 149, pp. 617-622Evensen, K.A., Vik, T., Helbostad, J., Indredavik, M.S., Kulseng, S., Brubakk, A.M., Motor skills in adolescents with low birthweight (2004) Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed, 89, pp. 451-455Rogers, M., Fay, T.B., Whitfield, M.F., Tomlinson, J., Grunau, R.E., Aerobic capacity, strength, flexibility, and activity level in unimpaired extremely low birth weight (<or=800 g) survivors at 17 years of age compared with term-born control subjects (2005) Pediatrics, 116, pp. e58-e64Eickmann, S.H., Lira, P.I., Lima, M.C., Mental and motor development at 24 months of full-term low birthweight infants (2002) Arq Neuropsiquiatr, 60, pp. 748-754Nadeau, L., Tessier, R., Boivin, M., Lefebvre, F., Robaey, P., Extremely premature and very low birthweight infants: A double hazard population? 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Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development-Infant Scale, Spanish Translation

The home environment has a critical influence on an infant’s development and well-being. The Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development-Infant Scale (AHEMD-IS) is an instrument that has been developed to assess the home environment. This article illustrates the translation, validation, and cultural adaptation process of the AHEMD-IS from English to Spanish. The AHEMD-IS underwent a comprehensive process involving a four-phase translation process: (1) Forward translation, (2) Semantic equivalence, (3) Content equivalence testing, and (4) Final version development. Steps 1 and 2 resulted in linguistic alterations from the initial translation to enhance clarity for general public understanding. In step 3, mothers reported that the instrument was clear and easy to complete. Step 4 involved a final review of the instrument. The final outcome is a validated instrument that may prove beneficial when evaluating the home environment with Spanish speaking populations, particularly those of Mexican descent