Bond Order via Light-Induced Synthetic Many-body Interactions of Ultracold Atoms in Optical Lattices

We show how bond order emerges due to light mediated synthetic interactions in ultracold atoms in optical lattices in an optical cavity. This is a consequence of the competition between both short- and long-range interactions designed by choosing the optical geometry. Light induces effective many-body interactions that modify the landscape of quantum phases supported by the typical Bose-Hubbard model. Using exact diagonalization of small system sizes in one dimension, we present the many-body quantum phases the system can support via the interplay between the density and bond (or matter-wave coherence) interactions. We find numerical evidence to support that dimer phases due to bond order are analogous to valence bond states. Different possibilities of light-induced atomic interactions are considered that go beyond the typical atomic system with dipolar and other intrinsic interactions. This will broaden the Hamiltonian toolbox available for quantum simulation of condensed matter physics via atomic systems.Comment: Accepted in New Journal of Physic

ALICE experience with GEANT4

Since its release in 1999, the LHC experiments have been evaluating GEANT4 in view of adopting it as a replacement for the obsolescent GEANT3 transport MonteCarlo. The ALICE collaboration has decided to perform a detailed physics validation of elementary hadronic processes against experimental data already used in international benchmarks. In one test, proton interactions on different nuclear targets have been simulated, and the distribution of outgoing particles has been compared to data. In a second test, penetration of quasi-monoenergetic low energy neutrons through a thick shielding has been simulated and again compared to experimental data. In parallel, an effort has been put on the integration of GEANT4 in the AliRoot framework. An overview of the present status of ALICE GEANT4 simulation and the remaining problems will be presented. This document will describe in detail the results of these tests, together with the improvements that the GEANT4 team has made to the program as a result of the feedback received from the ALICE collaboration. We will also describe the remaining problems that have been communicated to GEANT4 but not yet addressed.Comment: 8 pages, 12 figures, for the CHEP03 conference proceeding