Impacto del tamaño del ámbito de control de las jefas de unidad en los comportamientos laborales de las enfermeras

Fundamento: Conocer el número de enfermeras a cargo de las jefas de unidades de Enfermería de los hospitales públicos generales aragoneses y analizar cómo afecta a los comportamientos organizacionales de la enfermera y a la calidad de las relaciones que se establecen con la jefa de unidad. Método: Estudio descriptivo transversal realizado en nueve hospitales públicos. Se evaluó mediante cuestionarios validados los comportamientos laborales de las enfermeras y la calidad de las relaciones de la enfermera con la jefa de unidad y de esta con la enfermera y con su inmediato superior. Se analizó si existía relación entre estas variables y el número de enfermeras por unidad. Resultados: La muestra se compuso de 2541 enfermeras y 192 jefas de unidad. La media del ámbito de control fue de 29 enfermeras (DE = 22, 4). Se obtuvieron puntaciones menores al aumentar el ámbito de control en: empoderamiento (p<0, 001), satisfacción (p = 0, 027), apoyo organizacional percibido (p<0, 001) y calidad de las relaciones entre las enfermeras y las jefas de unidad (p<0, 001) y de la jefa de unidad con su inmediato superior (p<0, 001). No se observaron asociaciones significativas respecto a la intención de rotación, los comportamientos cívicos organizacionales y el compromiso organizacional. Conclusiones: El tamaño del ámbito de control se relaciona con la percepción de los comportamientos organizacionales de las enfermeras, así como con la calidad de las relaciones interpersonales que establecen con la jefa de unidad, indicando la necesidad ajustar el ámbito de control por unidad con el objetivo mejorar la calidad de la gestión de las unidades de Enfermería. Background. To determine the number of nurses who are supervised by a charge nurse in the Nursing Units of Aragonese general public hospitals and to analyze how this affects the organizational behaviors of nurses and the quality of the relationships established with the charge nurses. Methods. Cross-sectional study carried out in nine public hospitals. Validated questionnaires were used to assess the working behavior of nurses and the quality of their relationships with charge nurses, and the charge nurse''s relationship with their immediate superior and nursing staff. We analyzed whether there was an association between these variables and the number of nurses per unit. Results. The study included 2, 541 nurses and 192 supervisors. The mean span of control was 29 (SD = 22.4). Statistically significant differences were observed with respect to empowerment (p<0.001), satisfaction (p = 0.027), perceived organizational support (p<0.001) and the quality of the nurse''s relationships with the supervisor (p<0.001) and the supervisor with her immediate superior (p<0.001), obtaining lower scores as the span of control increased. No significant associations were observed with respect to turnover intention, organizational citizenship behavior and organizational commitment. Conclusions. The span of control is related to the perception of nurses'' organizational behaviors and with the quality of interpersonal relationships with the charge nurse, indicating a need to adjust the span of of control per unit in order to improve the quality of the management of the units

Corporate social responsibility and workplace health promotion: A systematic review

The complex situation that global society is facing as a result of COVID-19 has highlighted the importance of companies committing to the principles of social responsibility. Among the internal initiatives, those related to the health of workers are, obviously, highly topical. The objective of our research is to provide concise knowledge of the relationship between workplace health promotion (WHP) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) so that the relevant specialized research was gathered in a single document that lays the foundations of its applicability. A systematic review, following the PRISMA method, has been carried out. Twenty-seven articles have been selected from the main scientific databases. Their qualitative analysis concludes that CSR and WHP are linked, have beneficial reciprocal effects, need committed leadership respectful of autonomy and voluntariness, and require the establishment of specific goals within the framework of the organizations' sustainability policies. Future studies should establish the impact of the pandemic on these aspects

Predominant factors of institutionalization in the elderly: a comparative study between home nursing and community dwelling

Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to detect the most significant factors associated with each living alternative to improve socialization and mental health of the elderly. The measurements included affective evaluation, cognitive assessment, anxiety level, physical functionality, quality of life and social relationships. Individuals in home nursing residences were older and had worse affective status, functionality, cognitive state and quality of life. Social relationships in community people were better than in the institutionalized condition, particularly for less aged people. Design/methodology/approach: Comparative descriptive study realized in 200 people older than 70 years in home nursing placement versus community dwelling conditions. Findings: Multivariate analysis and logistic regression indicated that greater disability and poorer quality of social relationships were the main factors influencing the institutionalization process. Specifically, the Sociotype Questionnaire appeared as an efficient tool concerning the detection of social isolation effects as well as an acceptable integrator of prosocial information about home nursing placement. Originality/value: The Geriatric Sociotype survey has shown usefulness in the evaluation of the social network of elderly people, both from the point of view of assessment and prognosis. In this sense it is considered that one of the main contributions of this study is to have included the qualitative evaluation of social relations, and to observe the differences according to the place of residence