Crescimento em diâmetro de Araucaria angustifolia em plantio não manejado.

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Dengue transmission risk maps of Argentina

Dengue is an emerging disease that has become important in Argentina because of its vector's presence (Aedes aegypti) and its endemicity in neighbouring countries. Thematic maps were built for Argentina considering four main factors: population susceptibility to dengue virus infection (population density); entrance of the virus from endemic countries (main roads and airports); conditions for the vector (urbanization, altitude, minimum, maximum and mean daily temperatures) and virus extrinsic incubation period (EIP) completion in the mosquito before its death. EIP duration was modelled with a temperature-dependent function and considering life expectancies of 10, 15 and 20 days for the adult mosquito. The results show maximum risk of dengue transmission in the northern and north-eastern part of the country year-round and in the centre during the summer. Although life expectancy of the adult mosquito has a considerable influence on EIP completion, the north-east to south-west decreasing gradient is maintained. Assuming 20-day life expectancy, the EIP would be completed in almost any region of the country; whereas with 15-day life expectancy it would be limited to vector distribution area, and at 10 days it would be restricted to the northern extreme of the country.Fil:Carbajo, A.E. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil:Schweigmann, N. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil:De Garín, A. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil:Bejarán, R. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina

Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe 7-yr constraints on fNL with a fast wavelet estimator

A new method to constrain the local non-linear coupling parameter fNL based on a fast wavelet decomposition is presented. Using a multiresolution wavelet adapted to the HEALPix pixelization, we have developed a method that is 10^2 times faster than previous estimators based on isotropic wavelets and 10^3 faster than the KSW bispectrum estimator, at the resolution of the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) data. The method has been applied to the WMAP 7-yr V+W combined map, imposing constraints on fNL of -69 < fNL < 65 at the 95 per cent CL. This result has been obtained after correcting for the contribution of the residual point sources which has been estimated to be fNL = 7 +/- 6. In addition, a Gaussianity analysis of the data has been carried out using the third order moments of the wavelet coefficients, finding consistency with Gaussianity. Although the constrainsts imposed on fNL are less stringent than those found with optimal estimators, we believe that a very fast method, as the one proposed in this work, can be very useful, especially bearing in mind the large amount of data that will be provided by future experiments, such as the Planck satellite. Moreover, the localisation of wavelets allows one to carry out analyses on different regions of the sky. As an application, we have separately analysed the two hemispheres defined by the dipolar modulation proposed by Hoftuft et al. (2009). We do not find any significant asymmetry regarding the estimated value of fNL in those hemispheres.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures. Submitted and Accepted for publication in MNRA

A datação cruzada como ferramenta essencial para a detecção de anéis de crescimento ausentes em árvores sob competição.

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Density of Araucaria angustifolia wood from overstocked stand.

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar as variações radiais e longitudinais de massa específica básica da madeira em um plantio superestocado com 65 anos de Araucaria angustifolia. O plantio, localizado na Floresta Nacional de Açungui, Campo Largo, PR, foi desbastado entre 1970 e 1980, não havendo registros de desbastes posteriores a essa data. Foram selecionadas três árvores para cada classe de diâmetro: 10-30 cm, 30-50 cm e 50-70 cm. Para a análise longitudinal, foram seccionados discos em sete alturas (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 e 100% da altura comercial e a 1,3 m do solo), sendo removidas as cascas e retiradas duas cunhas opostas até a medula e cinco corpos de prova no sentido radial de cada disco. Em geral, na direção radial houve aumento da massa específica. As médias da massa específica diferiram estatisticamente ao longo do fuste, com diminuição da massa específica na direção longitudinal. No entanto, a massa específica média a 60% da altura comercial foi maior do que a 40%, com redução a partir dessa altura em direção ao topo, indicando efeito da competição que ocorreu na área. A desuniformidade da madeira ao longo do fuste é um indicativo dos efeitos negativos da falta de manejo na área

Improved constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity for the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe 5-yr data

We present new constraints on the non-linear coupling parameter fnl with the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) data. We use an updated method based on the spherical Mexican hat wavelet (SMHW) which provides improved constraints on the fnl parameter. This paper is a continuation of a previous work by Curto et al. where several third order statistics based on the SMHW were considered. In this paper, we use all the possible third order statistics computed from the wavelet coefficient maps evaluated at 12 angular scales. The scales are logarithmically distributed from 6.9 arcmin to 500 arcmin. Our analysis indicates that fnl is constrained to -18 < fnl < +80 at 95% confidence level (CL) for the combined V+W WMAP map. This value has been corrected by the presence of undetected point sources, which adds a positive contribution of Delta_fnl = 6 +- 5. Our result excludes at ~99% CL the best-fitting value fnl=87 reported by Yadav & Wandelt. We have also constrained fnl for the Q, V and W frequency bands separately, finding compatibility with zero at 95 % CL for the Q and V bands but not for the W band. We have performed some further tests to understand the cause of this deviation which indicate that systematics associated to the W radiometers could be responsible for this result. Finally we have performed a Galactic North-South analysis for fnl. We have not found any asymmetry, i.e. the best-fitting fnl for the northern pixels is compatible with the best-fitting fnl for the southern pixels.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in Ap

Competition index: a tool to define thinning in stands of Araucaria angustifolia.

IUFROLAT 2013. Disponibilizado online. Resumen

On the optimality of the spherical Mexican hat wavelet estimator for the primordial non-Gaussianity

We study the spherical Mexican hat wavelet (SMHW) as a detector of primordial non-Gaussianity of the local type on the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropies. For this purpose we define third order statistics based on the wavelet coefficient maps and the original map. We find the dependence of these statistics in terms of the non-linear coupling parameter fnl and the bispectrum of this type of non-Gaussianity. We compare the analytical values for these statistics with the results obtained with non-Gaussian simulations for an ideal full-sky CMB experiment without noise. We study the power of this method to detect fnl, i. e. the variance of this parameter, and compare it with the variance obtained from the primary bispectrum for the same experiment. Finally we apply our wavelet based estimator on WMAP-like maps with incomplete sky and inhomogeneous noise and compare with the optimal bispectrum estimator. The results show that the wavelet cubic statistics are as efficient as the bispectrum as optimal detectors of this type of primordial non-Gaussianity.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures, 1 table. Minor revision, references added, accepted for publication in MNRA

Caracterização diamétrica de um povoamento de Araucaria angustifolia (bertol.) Kuntze sob alta competição.

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