The Inhibitory Effect of Some Natural Essential Oils upon Prototheca Algae in vitro Growth

The aim of this paper was to present the in vitro evaluation of the inhibitory effect of some natural essential oils against unicellular algae from Prototheca genus. Ten P. zopfii isolates from cows mastitic milk samples and one P. wickerhamii referent strain (RE-4608014ATCC16529), from American Type Collection, were submitted to antifungal susceptibility testing by classical diffusimetric method. The natural products tested were represented by fir (Abies alba), savory (Satureja hortensis), peppermint (Mantha piperita), tea tree (Maleleuca alternifolia), grape seed and oregano (Oreganum compactum) essential oils. Comparative the efficiency of antimicrobial drugs (Itraconasole) was tested. For Prototheca zopfii tested isolates the highest efficiency were registered for: savory, mint and tea tree oils while P. wickerhamii proved to be sesitive for all natural products. Difficulties in treating protothecosis in humans and animals with conventional drugs and the potent in vitro activity of essentials oils demonstrated here raise the interest in further investigations on the therapeutic use of these non-conventional natural products

Researches Concerning the Sensibility to Neomycin of Some Bacterial Strains Isolated from Chicken

In this study we aimed to determine neomycin effect on Gram negative bacterial strains of the species Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp, Proteus spp and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from chickens with different diseases. Sensitivity to neomycin was also appreciated for standard reference strains: Bacillus anthracis 1190 R, Staphylococcus aureus 6538P, Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, E. coli ATCC 10536 and Salmonella enteritidis ATCC 13076. The experiment took place at the department of Microbiology of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca within October 2010 - March 2011, realizing the sensitivity tests to neomycin using the diffusimetric method. After testing a total of 33 bacterial strains, the resistance to neomycin was observed for 3 species (Escherichia, Proteus and Klebsiella) while for genus Salmonella no resistant strains were registered. Neomycin resistance was of 20% for strains of Escherichia, 25% for Proteus and 33.3% in those from genus Klebsiella. Sensitivity percentage of the tested strains ranged between 25% and 66.6%. Percentage of moderate sensitive strains ranged from 0 to 50%. Of the 6 standard reference strains tested, one was classified as sensitive (Staphylococcus aureus 6538P), three resistant (Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, E. coli ATCC 10536 and Salmonella enteritidis ATCC 13076) and two moderate sensitive (Bacillus anthracis 1190 R and Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579). The results obtained reveals that resistance to neomycin for the strains isolated from chickens varied from one bacterial species to another. Infections involving Escherichia coli, Proteus spp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae should be considered more carefully, neomycin being recommended for the treatment only when the outbreak strains were tested and classified as sensitive to this antibiotic

Study Regarding the Sensitivity of Staphylococci Strains Isolated from Mastitis Cow Milk to Propolis Extracts

Bee products are still ancient alternative therapy of inflammatory diseases. In particular propolis has been shown to have good antimicrobial effect but with some limitations on how to apply (Mărghitaș, 2005). Thus, propolis extracts eliminate this inconvenience, being able to use different solvents to obtain extracts of propolis that can be used in microbial etiology diseases such as mastitis

Haematological, Biochemical and Microbiological Studies on Dogs Treated With 10% Erythromycin Solution

This paper aimed to evaluate the changes in erythrocytes, lymphocytes, biochemistry andmicrobiology of the intestinal flora in dogs treated with erythromycin. In the experiment, three groups ofdogs were used: a group treated with the usual dose of erythromycin, one treated with double of therecommended dose and one control treated with physiological saline. For these groups, 12 hematological,11 biochemical parameters were investigated. Microbiological investigation concerned the total number ofbacteria expressed in CFU/g feces, and sensitivity to erythromycin by diffusion method with erythromycinmicrodisks assay. The results showed no changes on erythrocyte parameters, but significant changes (p<0.05) on neutrophil and lymphocyte ratio in the groups treated with erythromycin. Significant changes (p<0.05) of alcanine phosphatase values were recorded, correlated to a reduction in CFU/g faeces directlyproportional to the amount of erythromycin administered. Erythromycin resistance was not detected instrains of Staphylococcus spp, Enterococcus spp. and Proteus spp., while E. coli and Pseudomonasaeruginosa had a resistance of 5.26 and 50% respectively

In vitro Susceptibility of Prototheca Species to Antifungal Agents

Prototheca sp. can assume high economic significance in the dairy industry and pose a potential risk for the public health. Studies on the susceptibility of Prototheca spp. to antimicrobials have demonstrated its high level of resistance. We investigated the in vitro susceptibility of ten Prototheca zopfii isolates retrieved from mastitic milk and one P. wickerhamii referent strain, from American Type Collection using MIC Test Strip. P. zopfii isolats showed susceptibility to MIC between 1,5-4 μg/mL for ketoconazole, and between 1,5-3 μg/mL for amphotericin B. In contrast P. wickerhamii strain prouved to be efficient to a MIC of 2 μg/mL in case of ketoconazole and 0,75 μg/mL for amphotericin B. Both species tested showed to be resistant to itraconazole.This study demonstrates different in vitro susceptibility patterns of P. wickerhamii and P. zopfii, reinforcing the necessity for more investigation into drugs that can be used with clinical efficacy