The INDC counter, aggregation of national contributrions and 2°C trajectories

Rapport du groupe interdisciplinaire sur les contributions nationalesConsidering that limiting global warming to below 2°C implies a CO2 budget not to be exceeded and near-zero emissions by 21OO (IPCC), we can assess global 2030 greenhouse gas emissions implied by INDCs in comparison to long-term trajectories. Ahead of the COP21, we estimate that submitted INDCs would bring global greenhouse gas emissions in the range of 55 to 64 GtC02eq in 2030.Under this assumption,global emissions in 2030 are thus higher than the level of 51GtC0 2eq for the year 2012. However, this is not in contradiction with a peaking of global emissions that can only be expected after 2020, given in particular the projected dynamics of emissions in China and other developing countries.The published INDCs represent a significant step towards trajectories compatible with the 2°C goal,but remain insufficient to join trajectories presenting a reasonable probability of success.ln order to increase the chance of meeting the 2°C objective, the ambition of the short-term contributions needs to be strengthened in future negotiations.ln order to sustain a high pace in emissions reductions after 2030,structural measures are also needed, which, in order to have a rapi impact, should be prepared as early as possible. Continued efforts are needed to accelerate the development of low carbon solutions on the one hand,and demonstrate the feasibility of negative emissions on the other hand

Le dimorphisme sexuel dentaire (une revue de la littérature)

REIMS-BU Santé (514542104) / SudocSTRASBOURG-Medecine (674822101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocLILLE2-UFR Odontologie (593502202) / SudocSudocFranceF

Impacts of nationally determined contributions on 2030 global greenhouse gas emissions: uncertainty analysis and distribution of emissions

International audienceNationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), submitted by Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) before and after the 21st Conference of Parties (COP21), summarize domestic objectives for greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions reductions for the 2025-2030 time horizon. In the absence, for now, of detailed guidelines for NDCs format, ancillary data are needed to interpret some NDCs and project GHG emissions in 2030. Here, we provide an analysis of uncertainty sources and their impacts on 2030 global GHG emissions based on the sole and full achievement of the NDCs. We estimate that NDCs project into 56.8 to 66.5 Gt CO2eq yr-1 emissions in 2030 (90% confidence interval), which is higher than previous estimates, and with a larger uncertainty range. Despite these uncertainties, NDCs robustly shift GHG emissions towards emerging and developing countries and reduce international inequalities in per capita GHG emissions. Finally, we stress that current NDCs imply larger emissions reduction rates after 2030 than during the 2010-2030 period if long-term temperature goals are to be fulfilled. Our results highlight four requirements for the forthcoming "climate regime": a clearer framework regarding future NDCs' design, an increasing participation of emerging and developing countries in the global mitigation effort, an ambitious update mechanism in order to avoid hardly feasible decarbonization rates after 2030 and an anticipation of steep decreases in global emissions after 2030

The use of chemical actinometry for the evaluation of the light absorption efficiency in scattering photopolymerizable miniemulsions

International audienc

In the wake of Paris Agreement, scientists must embrace new directions for climate change research

International audienceIn this paper we analyze research gaps and identify new directions of research in relation to a number of facets of the Paris Agreement, including the new 1.5 °C objective, the articulation between near-term and long-term mitigation pathways, negative emissions, verification, climate finance, non-Parties stakeholders, and adaptation

Lutter contre les changements climatiques : pourquoi est-ce si compliqué ?

National audienc

COP21 : Pour rejoindre rapidement une trajectoire limitant le réchauffement à 2 °C

National audiencePour un futur sans émission de gaz à effet de serre et un changement climatique contrôlé, il est nécessaire de créer les outils adéquats. Les « Contributions prévues déterminées au niveau national » créées par la COP21 en font-elles partie, s’interroge un groupe de chercheurs

COP21 : Pour rejoindre rapidement une trajectoire limitant le réchauffement à 2 °C

National audiencePour un futur sans émission de gaz à effet de serre et un changement climatique contrôlé, il est nécessaire de créer les outils adéquats. Les « Contributions prévues déterminées au niveau national » créées par la COP21 en font-elles partie, s’interroge un groupe de chercheurs

Les contributions nationales soumises à la COP21 appellent à une révision et un suivi des émissions

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