Subclinical thyroid dysfunction and the risk for fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Data on the association between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and fractures conflict. PURPOSE: To assess the risk for hip and nonspine fractures associated with subclinical thyroid dysfunction among prospective cohorts. DATA SOURCES: Search of MEDLINE and EMBASE (1946 to 16 March 2014) and reference lists of retrieved articles without language restriction. STUDY SELECTION: Two physicians screened and identified prospective cohorts that measured thyroid function and followed participants to assess fracture outcomes. DATA EXTRACTION: One reviewer extracted data using a standardized protocol, and another verified data. Both reviewers independently assessed methodological quality of the studies. DATA SYNTHESIS: The 7 population-based cohorts of heterogeneous quality included 50,245 participants with 1966 hip and 3281 nonspine fractures. In random-effects models that included the 5 higher-quality studies, the pooled adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of participants with subclinical hyperthyroidism versus euthyrodism were 1.38 (95% CI, 0.92 to 2.07) for hip fractures and 1.20 (CI, 0.83 to 1.72) for nonspine fractures without statistical heterogeneity (P = 0.82 and 0.52, respectively; I2= 0%). Pooled estimates for the 7 cohorts were 1.26 (CI, 0.96 to 1.65) for hip fractures and 1.16 (CI, 0.95 to 1.42) for nonspine fractures. When thyroxine recipients were excluded, the HRs for participants with subclinical hyperthyroidism were 2.16 (CI, 0.87 to 5.37) for hip fractures and 1.43 (CI, 0.73 to 2.78) for nonspine fractures. For participants with subclinical hypothyroidism, HRs from higher-quality studies were 1.12 (CI, 0.83 to 1.51) for hip fractures and 1.04 (CI, 0.76 to 1.42) for nonspine fractures (P for heterogeneity = 0.69 and 0.88, respectively; I2 = 0%). LIMITATIONS: Selective reporting cannot be excluded. Adjustment for potential common confounders varied and was not adequately done across all studies. CONCLUSION: Subclinical hyperthyroidism might be associated with an increased risk for hip and nonspine fractures, but additional large, high-quality studies are needed. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: Swiss National Science Foundation

Synthesis, molecular Docking and biological evaluation of new 1-Aryl-3-[3-(thieno[3,2-b]pyridin-7-ylthio)phenylureas as Potent Type II VEGFR-2 Tyrosine Kinase inhibitors

The vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) is a tyrosine kinase receptor, expressed primarily in endothelial cells, and is activated by the specific binding of VEGF to the VEGFR-2 extracellular regulatory domain. Once activated, VEGFR-2 undergoes autophosphorylation, triggering signaling pathways leading to endothelial cell proliferation and subsequent angiogenesisY1 Small molecules may act as inhibitors by competing for the ATP-binding s'1te of the VEGFR-2 intracellular tyrosine kinase domain, thereby preventing the intracellular signa ling that leads to angiogenesis. [ZJ Here, we present the synthesis of new 1-aryl-3-[3-(thieno[3,2-b]pyridin-7-ylthio)phenyl]ureas la-c, as potent type 11 VEGFR-2 inhibitors based on molecular docking (Figure A) and biological evaluation including enzymatic assays using the VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinase domain (ICso=l0-28 nM) and studies in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The latter included cell viability (MTS), proliferation (BrdU) and Western blot for total and phosphorylated VEGFR-2 (Figure B). The predicted docked poses were analyzed in detail and a plausible explanation for compounds 1 potency was obtained base9 on the simultaneous presence of a S-linker and the arylurea moiety in the meta position as a new substitution pattern for the type 11 VEGFR-2 inhibitors. These chemical features place the thieno[3,2-b]pyridine and the terminal aryl ring in close superimposition to a pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivative. The presence of hydrofobic substituents (F and Me) in the terminal aryl ring is also important. For these compounds a significant inhibition in HUVECs proliferation upon VEGF stimulation was observed at low concentrations (0.5-1.0 IJ.M) without affecting cell viability. Westernblot analysis demonstrated that compounds 1 significantly the inhibited VEGFR-2 phosphorylation at 1.0 jlM, thus confirming their anti-angiogenic potential

Effect of a Domain Wall on the Conductance Quantization in a Ferromagnetic Nanowire

The effect of the domain wall (DW) on the conductance in a ballistic ferromagnetic nanowire (FMNW) is revisited by exploiting a specific perturbation theory which is effective for a thin DW; the thinness is often the case in currently interested conductance measurements on FMNWs. Including the Hund coupling between carrier spins and local spins in a DW, the conductance of a FMNW in the presence of a very thin DW is calculated within the Landauer-B\"{u}ttiker formalism. It is revealed that the conductance plateaus are modified significantly, and the switching of the quantization unit from $e^2/h$ to ``about $2e^2/h$'' is produced in a FMNW by the introduction of a thin DW. This accounts well for recent observations in a FMNW.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, Corrected typos and added reference

Uso De Extensores Flexíveis Na Derriça Em Lavouras De Café De Primeira Safra

The coffee harvest of the first crop can be benefited by the use of rubber extenders at the end of the stems. This because their malleable constitution acquires oscillatory motion increasing the stem contact area with the fruits. However, the coffee varieties have big morphological and physiological differences that can influence the mechanical harvesting. This study had a goal to test two of coffee harvesters (conventional and adapted to the harvest of the first crop plantations) in the absence and presence of rubber extenders in two cultivars (Catuaí Vermelho IAC 144 and Tupi IAC 1669-33). The design was randomized blocks in five plants per plot. Evaluated the amount of fallen coffee, remaining harvested, picked and operational defoliation. Evaluated the amount of fallen coffee, remaining harvested and operational defoliation. There was obtained that the use of rubber extenders increases the amount of coffee collected in 16.6%. The first crop coffee harvest should be made with harvester adapted to this situation. The Cultivar Tupi IAC 1669-33 has high difficulty to be mechanically harvested the first crop, should be taken with two mechanized operations. © 2016, Editora UFLA. All rights reserved.11218719

Validação Da Versão De 36 Itens Do Who Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (whodas 2.0) Para A Avaliação De Incapacidade E Funcionalidade Da Mulher Associada à Morbidade Materna

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)To validate the translation and adaptation to Brazilian Portuguese of 36 items from the World Health Organizaton Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0), regarding their content and structure (construct), in a female population after pregnancy. Methods This is a validation of an instrument for the evaluation of disability and functioning and an assessment of its psychometric properties, performed in a tertiary maternity and a referral center specialized in high-risk pregnancies in Brazil. A sample of 638 women in different postpartum periods who had either a normal or a complicated pregnancy was included. The structure was evaluated by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), while the content and relationships among the domains were assessed through Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The sociodemographic characteristics were identified, and the mean scores with their standard deviations for the 36 questions of the WHODAS 2.0 were calculated. The internal consistency was evaluated byCronbach’s α. Results Cronbach’s α was higher than 0.79 for both sets of questons of the questionnaire. The EFA and CFA for the main 32 questions exhibited a total variance of 54.7% (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin [KMO] measure of sampling adequacy = 0.934; p < 0.001) and 53.47% (KMO = 0.934; p < 0.001) respectively. There was a significant correlation among the 6 domains (r = 0.571–0.876), and a moderate correlation among all domains (r = 0.476–0.694). Conclusion The version of the WHODAS 2.0 instrument adapted to Brazilian Portuguese showed good psychometric properties in this sample, and therefore could be applied to populations of women regarding their reproductive history. © 2017 by Thieme-Revinter Publicações Ltda, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.3924452471142/2011-5, CNPq, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Effect of Drought Stress on Essential Oil Composition of Thymus vulgaris L. (Chemotype 1, 8-cineole) from wild populations of Eastern Iberian Peninsula

[EN] 1,8-cineole defines a typical chemotype of Thymus vulgaris L. in Iberian Peninsula. This compound has a wide range of potentially useful bioactive properties. In order to study the influence of drought stress in the essential oil (EO) composition of this chemotype, sixty plants from six wild populations of Eastern Iberian Peninsula were distilled and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The harvest dates (May and August) were selected in such a way that the typical summer drought in Mediterranean climates was the critical factor affecting EO composition. Despite the high intrapopulational variability, significant increases of 1,8-cineole were found after the drought period (21.8%-43.2%, in May, up to 42.6%-68.5% in August). On the other hand, individuals from one of the populations showed different profiles rich in linalool and camphor or sesquiterpenoid compounds, such as a-cadinol.Llorens Molina, JA.; Vacas González, S. (2016). Effect of Drought Stress on Essential Oil Composition of Thymus vulgaris L. (Chemotype 1, 8-cineole) from wild populations of Eastern Iberian Peninsula. Journal of Essential Oil Research. 29(2):145-155. doi:10.1080/10412905.2016.1211561S14515529

Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction and the Risk of Cognitive Decline: a Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.

Although both overt hyper- and hypothyroidism are known to lead to cognitive impairment, data on the association between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and cognitive function are conflicting. This study sought to determine the risk of dementia and cognitive decline associated with subclinical thyroid dysfunction among prospective cohorts. We searched in MEDLINE and EMBASE from inception until November 2014. Two physicians identified prospective cohorts that assessed thyroid function and cognitive outcomes (dementia; Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE]). Data were extracted by one reviewer following standardized protocols and verified by a second reviewer. The primary outcome was dementia and decline in cognitive function was the secondary outcome. Eleven prospective cohorts followed 16,805 participants during a median followup of 44.4 months. Five studies analyzed the risk of dementia in subclinical hyperthyroidism (SHyper) (n = 6410), six in subclinical hypothyroidism (SHypo) (n = 7401). Five studies analyzed MMSE decline in SHyper (n = 7895), seven in SHypo (n = 8960). In random-effects models, the pooled adjusted risk ratio for dementia in SHyper was 1.67 (95% confidence interval, 1.04; 2.69) and 1.14 (95% confidence interval, 0.84; 1.55) in SHypo vs euthyroidism, both without evidence of significant heterogeneity (I(2) = 0.0%). The pooled mean MMSE decline from baseline to followup (mean 32 mo) did not significantly differ between SHyper or SHypo vs euthyroidism. SHyper might be associated with an elevated risk for dementia, whereas SHypo is not, and both conditions are not associated with faster decline in MMSE over time. Available data are limited, and additional large, high-quality studies are needed