Estudo comparado da morfologia externa de Zaretis itys itylus (Westwood) e Agrias claudina annetta (Gray) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Charaxinae) I. Cabeça, apêndices e região cervical Comparative study of the external morphology of Zaretis itys itylus (Westwood) and Agrias claudina annetta (Gray) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Charaxinae). I. Head, appendages and cervical region

Realizou-se um estudo detalhado e comparado da morfologia externa da cabeça, apêndices e região cervical, de duas espécies de Charaxinae, Zaretis itys itylus (Westwood, 1850) e Agrias claudina annetta (Gray, 1832). Os resultados obtidos foram comparados com outros já publicados e relacionados com morfologia externa de outras subfamílias de Nymphalidae (Brassolinae, Morphinae, Danainae e Ithomiinae).<br>Two species of Charaxinae, Zaretis itys itylus (Westwood, 1850) and Agrias claudina annetta (Gray, 1832) were subject of a detailed and comparative study of external morphology of the head, appendages and cervical region. The results obtained were compared with other studies published and related to the external morphology of other Nymphalidae subfamilies (Brassolinae, Morphinae, Danainae and Ithomiinae)

Nomenclatural Changes in the Neotropical Eumaeini (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Theclinae)

Nomenclatural actions are taken in the Neotropical Eumaeini in advance of publication of the Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera Checklist. Lectotypes are designated for eleven species group names: Lycaena astiocha Prittwitz, 1865; Thecla azia Hewitson, 1873; Thecla beroea Hewitson, 1868; Thecla cupa Druce, 1907; Thecla daraba Hewitson, 1867; Thecla duma Hewitson, 1878; Thecla erenea Hewitson, 1867; Thecla galliena Hewitson, 1867; Thecla guacanagari Wallengren, 1860; Thecla stagira Hewitson, 1867; and Thecla thoria Hewitson, 1867. Thecla duma Hewitson, 1878 and Thecla columbinia Strand, 1916 are transferred from Eumaeini to Deudorigini (Theclinae). Lycaena vanessoides Prittwitz, 1865 is transferred from Polyommatinae to Theclinae (Eumaeini). Six type localities are changed: Colombia to Africa for Thecla columbinia Strand, 1916; Amazon to Guayaquil for Thecla daraba Hewitson, 1867; Colombia to Southeast Asia for Thecla duma Hewitson, 1878; Bolivia to Westem North America for Ignata illepida K. Johnson, 1992; Argentina to the United States for Strymon nivnix K. Johnson, Eisele & MacPherson, 1990; and Dominican Republic to mainland Central and South America for Tmolus victoria K. Johnson & Matusik, 1989. Seven new synonyms are: Lycaena vanessoides Prittwitz, 1865 = Thecla hygela Hewitson, 1868 syn. nov.; Thecla saepium Boisduval, 1852 = Ignata illepida K. Johnson, 1992 syn. nov.; Thecla tyriam H.H. Druce, 1907 = Zigirina minutia K. Johnson & Adams, 1997 syn. nov.; Thecla halciones Butler & H. Druce, 1872 = Decussata colombiana K. Johnson, Austin, Le Crom & Sal azar, 1997 syn. nov.; Papilio celmus Cramer, 1775 = Tmolus victoria K. Johnson & Matusik, 1989 syn. nov.; Thecla daraba Hewitson, 1867 = Thecla tyleri Dyar, 1913 syn. nov.; and Thecla galliena Hewitson, 1877 = Thecla iopas Godman & Salvin, 1887 syn. nov. The generic name Decussata K. Johnson, Austin, Le Crom & Salazar, 1997 is a new junior synonym of Ostrinotes K. Johnson, Austin, Le Crom & Salazar, 1997. The unavailable infra-subspecific name Thecla orobiana forma &#9792; cosmophila Tessmann, 1928 is available as Thecla cosmophila Bridges, 1988. Seven new combinations are: Hypokopelates columbinia (Strand, 1916) comb. nov.; Mithras cosmophila Bridges, 1988 comb. nov.; Nicolaea cupa (Druce, 1907) comb. nov.; Salazaria elizabetha (Salazar, Vélez & K. Johnson, 1997) comb. nov.; Ostrinotes halciones (Butler & H. Druce, 1872) comb. nov.; Strephonota tyriam (H.H. Druce, 1907) comb. nov.; and Aubergina vanessoides (Prittwitz, 1865) comb. nov. The holotypes of seven eumaeines are composed of parts belonging to different species: Strymon andrewi K. Johnson & Matusik, 1988; Decussata colombiana K. Johnson, Austin, Le Crom & Salazar, 1997; Trochusinus elizabetha Salazar, Vélez & K. Johnson, 1997; lgnata illepida K. Johnson, 1992; Zigirina minutia K. Johnson & Adams, 1997; Strymon nivnix K. Johnson, Eisele & MacPherson, 1990; and Tmolus victoria K. Johnson & Matusik, 1989. Some parts of these holotypes are excluded to clarify the identity of these names. Three chronic misspellings are corrected: Papilio ganimedes Crarner, 1775, for Papilio ganymedes [sic] Fabricius, 1776;Thecla atnius Herrich-Schäffer, [1853], for Thecla atrius [sic] Herrich-Schäffer, [1858]; and Rusticus minyas Hübner, [1809], for Rusticus minijas [sic] Poey, 1832. The name Electrostrymon minikyanos K. Johnson & Matusik, 1988, is treated as a nomen dubium. The subjective synonymy of Thecla guacanagari Wallengren, 1860, and Thecla azia Hewitson, 1873, is referred to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature for conditional suppression of the first name. Precedence for the names Papilio dion Schaller, 1788, and Hesperia columella Fabricius, 1793, is reversed under Article 23.9.1 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature