Internationalism under platform Capitalism: Brexit and the organisation of UK fast food workers

In October 2018, a coalition of UK trade unions and civil society organisations called a strike across the UK’s fast food sector in support of a living wage, union recognition and the end to zero‐hour contracts in the sector. This paper takes the day of action—labelled the McStrike—as a starting point for an account of the place of the EU and Brexit in the campaign for fast food rights, as well as the contrasting political standpoints adopted by the different trade unions involved in the action. Brexit is used as a prism through which to analyse aspects of Britain’s contemporary food politics, especially those pertaining to freedom of movement, workplace organisation, and the role of EU legislation in protecting workers’ rights. In exploring the international dimensions of union organisation among the UK’s fast food workers, other, more conceptual considerations regarding the changing nature of public and private food consumption and the incorporation of food‐to‐go into the gig economy are also broached

A perverse symbiosis: the state, Islam and political dissent in contemporary Algeria

The changing relationship of Algerian Islamism to the Algerian state is the central articualting themes of this paper. It is the dialectical, almost (perversely) symbiotic relationship between the State and Islamist contestation in Algeria over the past two decades that is empahsised here. The political economy of post-colonial Algeria has given state authority – particularly the Army and the nationalised hydrocarbon sector – a pronounced patrimonial/clientelist character which has in turn shaped the form and content of Islam and political dissernt. The specific expression of such patrimonialism has certainly shifted over time: the revolutionary populism of the Boumediene years gave way to Chadli’s attempts at implementing a state-led neo-liberal revolution, which in turn has delivered a form of authoritarian market state over the past decade. Across each of these periods however, we find the valorisation of the Algerian state and its Army as the main or even sole source of legitimate authority, underwritten by these institutions’ origins in the foundational moment of the Algerian war of independence

The infrastructure of the global economy: the shipping container as a political artefact

This chapter analyses the shipping container as a political artefact – a box which is not simply a neutral, cost-cutting technology taking things from one place to another, but rather a powerful force of world politics with its own distinctive spatial effects, sociological impact and (geo)political dimensions. Contrary to the prevailing conception of the shipping container as a technology that smoothens economic transactions across borders, thereby deepening international interdependence, I emphasise below the points of friction that accompany the ‘social life’ of containers – moments and places where the ‘striated’ spaces of national jurisdictions, state and international bureaucracies, logistical infrastructures and class politics also act as key protagonists, both slowing down, yet also facilitating transnational mobility

The expansion of international civil society: The case of Tunisia.

This thesis aims to examine the role of collective social and political agency in international relations through an elaboration of the category 'international civil society'. It does so by adopting a distinctly modem understanding of collective agency associated to the concept of civil society, then to argue that the social movements operating within this domain have displayed international characteristics from their inception. Specifically, the study considers the way in which modern social and political movements (trade unions, socialist and nationalist parties) emerged and developed in Tunisia from the turn of the century through to independence in 1956, as a result of this country's interaction with the international system. Hence, the thesis is primarily concerned with the mechanisms responsible for the extension of modes of social and political organisation across national, ethnic and religious boundaries. In doing so, however, it also seeks to uncover practices of transnational solidarity among social movements and to evaluate the relevance of such practices for our understanding of international society. In short, the central purpose of the thesis is to illustrate how the concept of 'international civil society' can serve on the one hand as an analytical tool for the study of international political agency and its impact upon international relations; and on the other hand, as a normatively charged category, capable of recovering the past history of internationalist political activity and illuminating its future potential

Intratumor genetic heterogeneity and clonal evolution to decode endometrial cancer progression

Endometrial cancer; Clonal evolution; MutationCáncer endometrial; Evolución clonal; MutaciónCàncer d'endometri; Evolució clonal; MutacióAnalyzing different tumor regions by next generation sequencing allows the assessment of intratumor genetic heterogeneity (ITGH), a phenomenon that has been studied widely in some tumor types but has been less well explored in endometrial carcinoma (EC). In this study, we sought to characterize the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of 9 different ECs using whole-exome sequencing, and by performing targeted sequencing validation of the 42 primary tumor regions and 30 metastatic samples analyzed. In addition, copy number alterations of serous carcinomas were assessed by comparative genomic hybridization arrays. From the somatic mutations, identified by whole-exome sequencing, 532 were validated by targeted sequencing. Based on these data, the phylogenetic tree reconstructed for each case allowed us to establish the tumors’ evolution and correlate this to tumor progression, prognosis, and the presence of recurrent disease. Moreover, we studied the genetic landscape of an ambiguous EC and the molecular profile obtained was used to guide the selection of a potential personalized therapy for this patient, which was subsequently validated by preclinical testing in patient-derived xenograft models. Overall, our study reveals the impact of analyzing different tumor regions to decipher the ITGH in ECs, which could help make the best treatment decision.We thank all those at the Translational Research Laboratory of the MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid for their invaluable help with this study. Tissue samples were obtained with the support of the MD Anderson Foundation Biobank (record number B.0000745, ISCIII National Biobank Record), the “Xarxa Catalana de Bancs de Tumors” and “Plataforma de Biobancos” ISCIII (PT13/0010/0014, B.000609). This study has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Innovation (PID2019-104644RB-I00 (GMB), the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII, CIBERONC, CB16/12/00295 - GMB-, CB16/12/00328 -EC, AGM- and CB16/12/00231 -XMG- [all partly supported by FEDER funds]) and by the AECC Scientific Foundation (FC_AECC PROYE19036MOR -GMB- and Coordinated groups 2018 -XMG, AGM, GMB-). SO is funded by an AECC-postdoctoral grant (2020). JSR-F and BW are funded in part by the Breast Cancer Research Foundation and in part by the NIH/NCI P50 CA247749 01 grant. Research reported in this publication was supported in part by a Cancer Center Support Grant of the NIH/NCI (Grant No. P30CA008748; MSK). We thank the Eurofins Megalab laboratory for helping us to perform the analysis of DNA HPV detection

Hallazgos Clínicos y Anatomopatológicos en Aves White Leghorn Ocasionados por Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale y Escherichia coli en Condiciones Controladas

This study aimed to determine the clinical signs and pathological findings caused for Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale and Escherichia coli in White Leghorn layers under controlled conditions. A total of 80 replacement hens of five weeks were selected. Before starting the experiment, microbiological tests were conducted in 16 chicks to verify if they were exposed to pathogens. The remaining 64 chicks were distributed in four equal groups (n=16). On day 1 of the experiment G1 and G2 were inoculated via intranasal with 0.6 x 107 UFC/ml of O. rhinotracheale and G3 and G4 (negative control) received brain heart infusion broth. Forty eight hours later, G2 and G3 were inoculated via intranasal with 0.6 x 107 UFC of E. coli. Four chicks per group were slaughtered on days 3, 7, 14, and 21 after inoculation and samples were collected from paranasal sinuses, trachea, lung, air sacs and liver for optic and transmission electron microscopy. In addition, histochemical techniques (PAS and Weigert) were used to show the presence of mucus and fibrin in respiratory organs. The study allowed evidencing a delay in the growth rate and presence of lymphoid tissue associated to mucosa in chicks inoculated with O. rhinotracheale and E. coli.El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar los signos clínicos y los hallazgos anatomopatológicos ocasionados por Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale y Escherichia coli en aves de postura bajo condiciones controladas. Se seleccionaron 80 gallinas ponedoras White Leghorn de cinco semanas de edad. Previo al experimento, se realizaron análisis microbiológicos en 16 aves para chequear si habían sido expuestas a agentes microbianos. Las restantes 64 pollitas fueron distribuidas en cuatro grupos de 16 aves. G1 y G2 fueron inoculadas con 0.6 x 107 UFC/ml de O. rhinotracheale en el día 1 del experimento, y G3 y G4 (control negativo) recibieron caldo cerebro corazón por vía intranasal. En las 48 h siguientes, G2 y G3 fueron inoculadas con 0.6 x 107 UFC de E. coli por vía intranasal. Cuatro pollitas por grupo fueron sacrificadas a los 3, 7, 14 y 21 días de la inoculación y se tomaron muestras de exudados de senos paranasales, tráquea, pulmón, sacos aéreos e hígado para microscopía óptica y electrónica de transmisión. Además se utilizaron técnicas histoquímicas (PAS y Weigert) para demostrar la presencia de mucus y fibrina en órganos respiratorios. El estudio permitió evidenciar un retardo del crecimiento y se demostró alteraciones del tejido linfoide asociado a mucosas en las pollitas inoculadas con O. rhinotracheale y E. coli

Size and Shape Constraints of (486958) Arrokoth from Stellar Occultations

We present the results from four stellar occultations by (486958) Arrokoth, the flyby target of the New Horizons extended mission. Three of the four efforts led to positive detections of the body, and all constrained the presence of rings and other debris, finding none. Twenty-five mobile stations were deployed for 2017 June 3 and augmented by fixed telescopes. There were no positive detections from this effort. The event on 2017 July 10 was observed by the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy with one very short chord. Twenty-four deployed stations on 2017 July 17 resulted in five chords that clearly showed a complicated shape consistent with a contact binary with rough dimensions of 20 by 30 km for the overall outline. A visible albedo of 10% was derived from these data. Twenty-two systems were deployed for the fourth event on 2018 August 4 and resulted in two chords. The combination of the occultation data and the flyby results provides a significant refinement of the rotation period, now estimated to be 15.9380 ± 0.0005 hr. The occultation data also provided high-precision astrometric constraints on the position of the object that were crucial for supporting the navigation for the New Horizons flyby. This work demonstrates an effective method for obtaining detailed size and shape information and probing for rings and dust on distant Kuiper Belt objects as well as being an important source of positional data that can aid in spacecraft navigation that is particularly useful for small and distant bodies.Fil: Buie, Marc W.. Southwest Research Institute.; Estados UnidosFil: Porter, Simon B.. Southwest Research Institute.; Estados UnidosFil: Tamblyn, Peter. Southwest Research Institute.; Estados UnidosFil: Terrell, Dirk. Southwest Research Institute.; Estados UnidosFil: Parker, Alex Harrison. Southwest Research Institute.; Estados UnidosFil: Baratoux, David. Géosciences Environnement Toulouse; Francia. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; FranciaFil: Kaire, Maram. Ministry of Higher Education Research and Innovation; Senegal. Asociación Senegalesa para la Promoción de la Astronomía; SenegalFil: Leiva, Rodrigo. Southwest Research Institute.; Estados UnidosFil: Verbiscer, Anne J.. University of Virginia; Estados UnidosFil: Zangari, Amanda M.. Southwest Research Institute.; Estados UnidosFil: Colas, François. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. Observatoire de Paris; Francia. Sorbonne University; Francia. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; FranciaFil: Diop, Baidy Demba. Direction de la Formation et de la Communication; SenegalFil: Samaniego, Joseph I.. University of Colorado; Estados UnidosFil: Wasserman, Lawrence H.. Lowell Observatory; Estados UnidosFil: Benecchi, Susan D.. Planetary Science Institute; Estados UnidosFil: Caspi, Amir. Southwest Research Institute.; Estados UnidosFil: Gwyn, Stephen. Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Centre; CanadáFil: Kavelaars, J. J.. Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Centre; CanadáFil: Ocampo Uría, Adriana C.. National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Estados UnidosFil: Rabassa, Jorge Oscar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: Skrutskie, M. F.. University of Virginia; Estados UnidosFil: Soto, Alejandro. Southwest Research Institute.; Estados UnidosFil: Tanga, Paolo. Université Côte d’Azur; Francia. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; FranciaFil: Young, Eliot F.. Southwest Research Institute.; Estados UnidosFil: Stern, S. Alan. Southwest Research Institute.; Estados UnidosFil: Andersen, Bridget C.. University of Virginia; Estados UnidosFil: Arango Pérez, Mauricio E.. Universidad de Antioquia; ColombiaFil: Arredondo, Anicia. Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Estados UnidosFil: Artola, Rodolfo Alfredo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental; ArgentinaFil: García Migani, Esteban Andrés. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Departamento de Geofísica y Astronomía; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Juan; Argentin

Fred Halliday: achievements, ambivalences and openings

Fred Halliday was one of the most important scholars of his generation. This article examines Halliday’s intellectual influences, assesses his contribution to International Relations (IR) and probes the broader challenges which his work raises. Halliday had a direct impact on IR through his interventions in historical sociology, revolutions and gender studies, and through his capacity to intertwine analytical, normative and political registers. More indirectly, Halliday promoted a form of critical, engaged scholarship which stands as a model for the idea of academic life as a vocation. As such, his example has much to offer current students and scholars of IR

Taking sides: cosmopolitanism, internationalism and ‘complex solidarity’ in the work of Fred Halliday

Fred Halliday's life and work were intimately associated with the theory and practice of internationalism. In his later writings, the notion of ‘complex solidarity’ emerges as a key component of Halliday's worldview. This article explores the conceptual interconnections between different historical expressions of internationalism, cosmopolitanism and solidarity. It considers the intricate relationship between these categories and their place in our understanding of international affairs, emphasizing the divergence between liberal and revolutionary conceptions of internationalism and cosmopolitanism. The article discusses diverse understandings of ‘solidarity’ in International Relations, arguing that beyond the cosmopolitan and communitarian approaches, there exist other ‘Grotian’ and ‘republican’ ideas of solidarity. Halliday drew on these to present his own defence of universal human rights and solidarity, arguably developing a distinctive brand of republican internationalism. The latter part of the article gives content to ‘complex solidarity’ by suggesting it is built on three inter-related components: a methodological internationalism, an egalitarian reciprocity and a critique of global capitalism. Overall, these guiding features of complex solidarity deliver a unique rendition of internationalism which reflect Halliday's eclectic combination of radical liberalism with a residual historical materialism