Industrial Structure and Political Outcomes: The Case of the 2016 US Presidential Election

This paper analyzes the US presidential election of 2016, examining the patterns of industrial structure and party competition in both the major party primaries and the general election. It attempts to identify the new, historically specific factors that led to the upheavals, especially the steady growth of a “dual economy” that locks more and more Americans out of the middle class. It draws extensively on a newly assembled, more comprehensive database to identify the specific political forces that coalesced around each candidate, including the various stages of the Trump campaign

A comprehensive overview of radioguided surgery using gamma detection probe technology

The concept of radioguided surgery, which was first developed some 60 years ago, involves the use of a radiation detection probe system for the intraoperative detection of radionuclides. The use of gamma detection probe technology in radioguided surgery has tremendously expanded and has evolved into what is now considered an established discipline within the practice of surgery, revolutionizing the surgical management of many malignancies, including breast cancer, melanoma, and colorectal cancer, as well as the surgical management of parathyroid disease. The impact of radioguided surgery on the surgical management of cancer patients includes providing vital and real-time information to the surgeon regarding the location and extent of disease, as well as regarding the assessment of surgical resection margins. Additionally, it has allowed the surgeon to minimize the surgical invasiveness of many diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, while still maintaining maximum benefit to the cancer patient. In the current review, we have attempted to comprehensively evaluate the history, technical aspects, and clinical applications of radioguided surgery using gamma detection probe technology

Socio-economic characterisation of agriculture models

Analyses of transition towards a more sustainable agriculture often identify two different pathways that can be linked to either strong or weak sustainability. In this interdisciplinary work, we aim at overcoming this narrow choice between these two alternatives, by offering a socio-agronomic characterisation of multiple agriculture models that currently coexist in Western economies. We use an agronomic typology of farming systems based on the role of exogenous inputs and endogenous ecosystem services in agricultural production, and on the degree of embeddedness of farming systems within local/global food systems. This typology identifies six agriculture models that we analyse in socio-economic terms. We then clarify the structuring principles that organise these models, and the social values underpinning their justification. This analysis enables us to discuss the efficiency conditions of political instruments

Practical considerations for conducting ecotoxicity test methods with manufactured nanomaterials: what have we learnt so far?

This review paper reports the consensus of a technical workshop hosted by the European network, NanoImpactNet (NIN). The workshop aimed to review the collective experience of working at the bench with manufactured nanomaterials (MNMs), and to recommend modifications to existing experimental methods and OECD protocols. Current procedures for cleaning glassware are appropriate for most MNMs, although interference with electrodes may occur. Maintaining exposure is more difficult with MNMs compared to conventional chemicals. A metal salt control is recommended for experiments with metallic MNMs that may release free metal ions. Dispersing agents should be avoided, but if they must be used, then natural or synthetic dispersing agents are possible, and dispersion controls essential. Time constraints and technology gaps indicate that full characterisation of test media during ecotoxicity tests is currently not practical. Details of electron microscopy, dark-field microscopy, a range of spectroscopic methods (EDX, XRD, XANES, EXAFS), light scattering techniques (DLS, SLS) and chromatography are discussed. The development of user-friendly software to predict particle behaviour in test media according to DLVO theory is in progress, and simple optical methods are available to estimate the settling behaviour of suspensions during experiments. However, for soil matrices such simple approaches may not be applicable. Alternatively, a Critical Body Residue approach may be taken in which body concentrations in organisms are related to effects, and toxicity thresholds derived. For microbial assays, the cell wall is a formidable barrier to MNMs and end points that rely on the test substance penetrating the cell may be insensitive. Instead assays based on the cell envelope should be developed for MNMs. In algal growth tests, the abiotic factors that promote particle aggregation in the media (e.g. ionic strength) are also important in providing nutrients, and manipulation of the media to control the dispersion may also inhibit growth. Controls to quantify shading effects, and precise details of lighting regimes, shaking or mixing should be reported in algal tests. Photosynthesis may be more sensitive than traditional growth end points for algae and plants. Tests with invertebrates should consider non-chemical toxicity from particle adherence to the organisms. The use of semi-static exposure methods with fish can reduce the logistical issues of waste water disposal and facilitate aspects of animal husbandry relevant to MMNs. There are concerns that the existing bioaccumulation tests are conceptually flawed for MNMs and that new test(s) are required. In vitro testing strategies, as exemplified by genotoxicity assays, can be modified for MNMs, but the risk of false negatives in some assays is highlighted. In conclusion, most protocols will require some modifications and recommendations are made to aid the researcher at the bench. [Authors]]]> Nanostructures; Toxicity Tests; Ecotoxicology/methods; Guidelines; eng https://serval.unil.ch/resource/serval:BIB_5FCE25CBF6A9.P001/REF.pdf http://nbn-resolving.org/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_5FCE25CBF6A95 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/urn/urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_5FCE25CBF6A95 info:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersion info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Copying allowed only for non-profit organizations https://serval.unil.ch/disclaimer application/pdf oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_5FCE8EA1AD9C 2022-02-19T02:22:28Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_5FCE8EA1AD9C Apprendre à suivre une règle : jeux d'alternance et constitution du sujet moral Erard, Y. info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart incollection 2007 Morale et évolution biologique oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_5FC219D991AA 2022-02-19T02:22:28Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_5FC219D991AA Réflexion sur la réduction de peine en cas de détention illicite Parein, Loïc info:eu-repo/semantics/article article 2015 Revue de l'avocat, vol. 4, no. 15, pp. 166-170 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1422-5778 fre https://serval.unil.ch/resource/serval:BIB_5FC219D991AA.P001/REF.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Restricted: indefinite embargo Copying allowed only for non-profit organizations https://serval.unil.ch/disclaimer application/pdf oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_5FC2874DDD0E 2022-02-19T02:22:28Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_5FC2874DDD0E Radial Ultrasound-Assisted Transbronchial Biopsy: A New Diagnostic Approach for Non-Resolving Pulmonary Infiltrates in Neutropenic Hemato-Oncological Patients. info:doi:10.1007/s00408-016-9947-3 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1007/s00408-016-9947-3 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/27704258 Bernasconi, M. Casutt, A. Koutsokera, A. Letovanec, I. Tissot, F. Nicod, L.P. Lovis, A. info:eu-repo/semantics/article article 2016-12 Lung, vol. 194, no. 6, pp. 917-921 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1432-1750 urn:issn:0341-2040 <![CDATA[The role of radial-endobronchial ultrasound (R-EBUS) assisted transbronchial biopsy (TBB) for the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions is well established. However, no study has addressed its safety and value in hemato-oncological patients presenting with non-resolving infiltrates during persistent febrile neutropenia. To assess safety and feasibility of R-EBUS assisted TBB in severe thrombocytopenic and neutropenic patients. Over a period of 18 months, eight patients were assessed with R-EBUS assisted TBB after adequate platelet transfusion. This technique allowed precise localisation and sampling of the pulmonary lesions in seven of eight patients. In the seven patients, R-EBUS assisted TBB enabled treatment optimization. Invasive fungal infection was diagnosed in four patients, idiopathic acute fibrinous and organising pneumonia in three patients, and a granulomatous inflammation of undetermined origin in one patient. Importantly, no complications, such as bleeding, were observed. R-EBUS assisted TBB is a promising and safe procedure for the evaluation of nonresolving pulmonary infiltrates in febrile neutropenic hemato-oncological patients

Personal and environmental factors to consider when aiming to improve participation in physical activity in children with Spina Bifida: a qualitative study

Background: Youth with spina bifida (SB) are less fit and active than other groups with childhood disability. While recent studies have shown benefits of exercise training, the increased fitness levels do not sustain or lead to increased levels of physical activity (PA) in these children. Therefore, it seems important to explore which factors are associated with participation in PA (or lack of) in youth with SB. The objective of this study is to describe both personal and environmental factors that are important for participation in physical activity as experienced by these children and their parents, in order to better develop intervention strategies to improve participation in PA in youth with SB. Methods: Eleven semi-structured interviews with parents of children with SB aged 4-7 years, nine focus groups with youth with SB (n = 33, age 8-18 years) and eight focus groups with their parents (n = 31) were conducted, recorded and transcribed verbatim. Two independent researchers analyzed the data. Central themes for physical activity were constructed, using the model for Physical Activity for Persons with a Disability (PAD model) as a background scheme. Results: Data showed that youth with SB encountered both personal and environmental factors associated with participation in PA on all levels of the PAD model. Bowel and bladder care, competence in skills, sufficient fitness, medical events and self-efficacy were important personal factors. Environmental factors that were associated with physical activity included the contact with and support from other people, the use of assistive devices for mobility and care, adequate information regarding possibilities for adapted sports and accessibility of playgrounds and sports facilities. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that a variety of both personal and environmental factors were either positively or negatively associated with participation in PA. An individual approach, assessing possibilities rather than overcoming barriers within and surrounding the child may be a good starting point when setting up intervention programs to improve participation in PA. Therefore, assessment of both personal and environmental factors associated with physical activity should be standard care within multidisciplinary intervention programs aimed to encourage healthy active lifestyles in youth with SB