〈資料〉聴覚障害学生のコミュニケーション手段の使用状況とその満足度に関する研究 : 主に使用するコミュニケーション手段の違いによる検討

本研究では、聴覚障害学生68名を対象にコミュニケーション手段の使用状況とその満足度、満足度が損われる要因について検討した。対象者は、主なコミュニケーション手段により、口話優位群と手話優位群に分けられた。その結果、コミュニケーション手段の使用状況では、口話優位群は、手話ができる聴者に対しても口話を使用する一方で、手話優位群は手話ができる相手には手話を、手話ができない相手には筆談を使用することが示された。満足度においては、手話優位群は、手話ができる相手に対して満足度が高く、口話優位群も手話ができる聴覚障害者の友人や教職員に対して満足度が高かった。満足度が損われる要因は、「内容理解」、「手段」、「障筈理解」、「心理的負荷」の4つに分類され、口話優位群も手話優位群も、「内容理解」における伝達面の困難さが滴足度に影響を及ぽしていることが示された。In this study, the situation and satisfaction of deaf college student\u27s communication modes and factors that reduce communication satisfaction were examined. The participants were divided into two groups. The oral group was 39 participants who used spoken language in their daily lives. The sign group was 29 participants who used sign language in their daily lives. The results indicated as follows; Firstly, in the oral group, they were using spoken language with hearing people who can use sign language, whereas in the sign group, the participants used sign language for people who can use sjgn language, and they used written language for those who cannot use sign language. Secondly, the sign group was able to gain the most satisfaction in communicatjon from the partners who could use sign language. Also, the oral group was able to gain a high degree of satisfaction from friends and staff of a college. who were able to use sign language. Thirdly; there are four imperfection factors: "understanding the contents", "lack of means", "understanding of deafness" and "psychological burdens", which are the factors that reduce communication satisfaction. It was suggested that deaf college students bad difl:icnlty in "understanding the contents", which had an effect on satisfaction

Unexpected difficulty in ventilating the lungs after tracheal intubation -A case report-

We experienced difficulty in ventilating the lungs of a patient after tracheal intubation. After intubation, an insufficient amount of tidal volume (VT) was delivered to the patient and the fiberoptic bronchoscopic examination identified partial abutment of the endotracheal tube (ETT) orifice against the tracheal wall. After various attempts to correctly place the ETT, a double-lumen endotracheal tube was placed to achieve a sufficient VT. It is important to notice that even an appropriately placed ETT may get obstructed due to the left sided bevel at its tip

Gender-dependent difference in serum paraoxonase 1 levels of Hanwoo, Korean native cattle, and a positive association with meat quality

Objective Paraoxonase 1 (PON1), a calcium-dependent serum enzyme, has been shown to be involved in lipid metabolism. In this study, we examined the putative correlation of the serum PON1 level of Hanwoo, Korean native cattle, with gender and meat quality grade. Methods PON1 levels were estimated by determining the arylesterase and paraoxonase activities (AE and PO, respectively) in serum samples from Hanwoo individuals (n = 56). Serum PON1 levels were analyzed in different gender groups (female [n = 21], castrated male [n = 17], and male [n = 18]), and meat quality grades (≥1 [n = 23], 2 [n = 21], and 3 [n = 12]). Results Serum PON1 levels were similar in female (AE = 120±55 U/mL, PO = 84±43 mU/mL) and castrated male (123±44 U/mL, PO = 89±30 mU/mL), while male showed a significantly lower level (AE = 65±43 U/mL, PO = 44±34 mU/mL). Furthermore, analysis of serum PON1 levels in three different grades of meat quality showed similar levels in the grades ≥1 (AE = 118±49 U/mL, PO = 84±37 mU/mL) and 2 (AE = 116±54 U/mL, PO = 82±43 mU/mL), while the level was significantly lower in the grade 3 (AE = 58±35 U/mL, PO = 39±27 mU/mL) of lower meat quality. Conclusion We discovered the gender-dependent differences in serum PON1 levels of Hanwoo and a positive association of the serum PON1 level with meat quality. Results in this study suggest that PON1 would be a useful serum marker for preliminary screening of Hanwoo individuals with high-quality meat and applicable for genetic improvement

Opposing Regulation of PROX1 by Interleukin-3 Receptor and NOTCH Directs Differential Host Cell Fate Reprogramming by Kaposi Sarcoma Herpes Virus

Lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) are differentiated from blood vascular endothelial cells (BECs) during embryogenesis and this physiological cell fate specification is controlled by PROX1, the master regulator for lymphatic development. When Kaposi sarcoma herpes virus (KSHV) infects host cells, it activates the otherwise silenced embryonic endothelial differentiation program and reprograms their cell fates. Interestingly, previous studies demonstrated that KSHV drives BECs to acquire a partial lymphatic phenotype by upregulating PROX1 (forward reprogramming), but stimulates LECs to regain some BEC-signature genes by downregulating PROX1 (reverse reprogramming). Despite the significance of this KSHV-induced bidirectional cell fate reprogramming in KS pathogenesis, its underlying molecular mechanism remains undefined. Here, we report that IL3 receptor alpha (IL3Rα) and NOTCH play integral roles in the host cell type-specific regulation of PROX1 by KSHV. In BECs, KSHV upregulates IL3Rα and phosphorylates STAT5, which binds and activates the PROX1 promoter. In LECs, however, PROX1 was rather downregulated by KSHV-induced NOTCH signal via HEY1, which binds and represses the PROX1 promoter. Moreover, PROX1 was found to be required to maintain HEY1 expression in LECs, establishing a reciprocal regulation between PROX1 and HEY1. Upon co-activation of IL3Rα and NOTCH, PROX1 was upregulated in BECs, but downregulated in LECs. Together, our study provides the molecular mechanism underlying the cell type-specific endothelial fate reprogramming by KSHV

読書力の高い聴覚障害児はどのようにテクストを認知し理解しているのか

科学研究費助成事業 研究成果報告書：基盤研究(B)2011-2015課題番号 : 2333027

Comprehension of Figurative Language by Hearing Impaired Children in Special Primary Schools

AbstractThis study examined the comprehension of figurative language of 215 hearing impaired children at special primary schools, and 557 hearing children at regular primary schools in Vietnam. The figurative language tests were developed using idioms and proverbs in the Vietnamese language textbooks from grade 2 to grade 5 of primary schools. The results showed that hearing impaired children comprehended figurative language much lower than hearing children. The figurative language knowledge of hearing impaired children developed over grades, and theirfigurative language knowledge was found to be related to reading levels, but not to the ages or hearing levels