Epidemiological characteristics of malignant tumor mortality among residents in Yuyao from 2014 to 2021

ObjectiveTo determine the death level and change trend of malignant tumors among residents in Yuyao， and to provide support for accurate prevention and control of malignant tumors.MethodsWe collected the death monitoring data of Yuyao registered residents from 2014 to 2021， and calculated the indicators， including crude mortality rate （CMR）， standardized mortality rate （SMR）， potential years of life lost （PYLL）， average years of life lost （AYLL）， and PYLL rate （PYLLR）. We also calculated the average annual change percentage （AAPC） using Joinpoint regression model.ResultsThere were 13 754 deaths from malignant tumors in Yuyao from 2014 to 2021， accounting for 26.54% of the total deaths in the same period. The average annual mortality rate was 205.63/105， and the standardized mortality rate was 115.62/105. The SMR showed a downward trend in 8 years （AAPC=-4.76%， t=-2.296， P=0.061）. The average annual mortality of malignant tumors was 274.15/105， and the standardized mortality was 149.83/105. The average annual mortality of female malignant tumors was 139.03/105， the standardized mortality was 81.01/105. Male mortality was higher than the female mortality （χ2=1 487.389， P<0.001）.The mortality rate of malignant tumors increased with age （AAPC=54.94%，t=27.678，P<0.001）. The mortality rate of malignant tumors in different age groups showed a downward trend in 8 years （AAPC=-5.74% for 0- years old group， -8.49% for 15- years old group， -6.02% for 45- years old group， and -3.49% for ≥65 years old group）. The top five causes of death from malignant tumors in residents were lung cancer， gastric cancer， liver cancer， esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer， accounting for 68.15% of all deaths from malignant tumors. Lung cancer ranked first among the causes of death from male and female malignant tumors. PYLL caused by malignant tumor death was 96 585.50 person years， AYLL was 7.02 years per person ， and PYLLR was 16.42‰.ConclusionThe mortality rate of malignant tumors among registered residents in Yuyao is on the decline， but it is still the primary death cause threatening the residents. Lung cancer is the malignant tumor that causes the greatest loss of life. It is urgent to build a comprehensive intervention system for malignant tumors that focuses on men， middle-aged and elderly people， advocate a healthy lifestyle， and combine early screening and reasonable treatment to block disease progress

Polyoxometalate catalysts with co-substituted VO2+ and transition metals and their catalytic performance for the oxidation of isobutane

Cs-Salts of the Keggin-type phosphomolybdic acid with simultaneous doping of VO2+ and different transition metals are prepared, characterized and tested as catalysts for the oxidation of isobutane to methacrylic acid under isobutane-rich conditions. The results show that Cs2.0V0.3Cu0.2PMo12O40 catalyst with co-substituted VO2+ and Cu2+ in its secondary structure exhibits higher catalytic performance than those with co-doped VO2+ and other transition metals such as Fe, Ni and Ce. This difference is ascribed to the synergistic effect between Cu2+ and VO2+ only in the secondary structure. This synergistic effect is related to the charge transfer between Mo6+ in the Keggin anions and Cu2+ counter cation, which promotes the re-oxidation of the catalyst and consequently its catalytic activity

Effect of V-containing precursors on the structure and catalytic performance of Cs-substituted phosphomolybdates for isobutane oxidation

A series of vanadium-substituted Cs salt of heteropoly compounds (HPC) from different vanadium-containing precursors were synthesized to investigate the preferable vanadyl species for oxidation of isobutane to methacrylic acid (MAA) under oxygen-poor conditions. The effects of various precursors on the structure were explored by XRD, FT-IR, Raman, UV-vis diffuse reflectance, XPS, H-2-TPR, NH3-TPD and IR spectra of pyridine adsorption, and their structure-performance relationship was further studied. It was firstly found that the vanadium-containing precursors played a crucial role in the structure (location of vanadyl species), surface acidity and redox properties (ratio of surface V4+/V5+ and Mos(5+)/Mo6+ redox couples) for series of as-prepared HPCs catalysts. The catalyst derived from vanadyl sulfate led to vanadyl species into the secondary structure of Keggintype HPC, which exhibited suitable surface V4+/V5+ and Mo5+/Mo6+ ratio and higher surface acidity, thereby improving the catalytic activity and selectivity to MAA for selective oxidation of isobutane under oxygen-poor conditions. These understandings would be beneficial for further study of HPCs and developing of highly efficient catalysts for isobutane oxidation

Two-Step Calcined MoVTeNbO Catalysts for the Oxidation of Propane to Acrylic Acid

MoV(0.3)Te(0.23)Nb(0.12)O(x) catalysts were prepared by the slurry method in a rotary evaporator and used in the selective oxidation of propane to acrylic acid. The influences of the calcination methods and the calcination temperatures in the two-step calcination method on the structure and catalytic performance of the MoV(0.3)Te(0.23)Nb(0.12)O(x) catalysts were investigated. The results indicated that the catalysts obtained by two-step calcination exhibited higher catalytic activity and selectivity than that by one-step calcination. Further investigations showed that the calcination temperatures of each stage for the two-step calcination method, especially those of high-temperature stage, had significant effects on the structure and the catalytic performance of catalysts. The phase composition of the catalysts was a crucial factor in improving the catalytic performance, and another important effect on the conversion of propane was produced by more active lattice oxygen, according to the results of X-ray diffraction and H, temperature-programmed reduction

Highly Efficient Removal of CO in Effluent Streams from Real-Life Propane Oxidation Process over CuO-CeO2-Based Catalysts

Selective removal of CO from the effluent streams in real-life chemical processes is of great importance in many different fields of industry. Until now it remains challenging to use non-precious metal oxides to selectively remove CO at low temperatures from real-life chemical effluent with complex compositions. Herein, a series of binary and ternary transition metal oxide catalysts were prepared by co-precipitation method and employed for the preferential removal of CO in the effluent stream (off-gas) of propane selective oxidation. It was found that the CuO-CeO2-based mixed oxide catalyst exhibited the best CO removal performance, wider operating temperature window and higher resistance to the inhibition of hydrocarbons, H2O and CO2. The presented catalyst showed high potential for selective removal of CO in the off-gas stream containing CO2, H2O and various hydrocarbons

Insights into the interplay between electric fields and microstructures of AEL films under ionothermal conditions

A facile method for precise microstructure control of molecular sieve films remains a great challenge. In contrast to conventional hydrothermal methods, herein AEL molecular sieve films with preferred c-orientation are in situ fabricated through elaborate programming of the applied electric fields under ionothermal conditions. The approach developed here may pave a new avenue for designing and fabricating high quality molecular sieve films with diverse microstructures and functionality

Effect of Structure of Pd/WO3-ZrO2 Catalyst on Its Activity for Direct Oxidation of Ethylene to Acetic Acid

A series of 1%Pd/WO3-ZrO2 catalysts with different W/Zr ratios and calcination temperatures of WO3-ZrO2 were prepared by an impregnation method. Their crystal structure, surface state, and acidity were determined using X-ray diffraction, N-2 adsorption, NH3 temperature-programmed desorption, pyridine infrared spectroscopy, and temperature-programmed reduction. Special attention was paid to the surface states of tungsten and palladium under different preparation conditions. The results revealed that WOx surface species underwent a transformation from polytungstate species to coexistent polytungstate/crystalline WO3 and further to crystalline WO3 particles with increase of W/Zr ratio and calcination temperature. The W/Zr = 0.2 sample calcined at 1 073 K showed the maximum amount of polytungstates, which were responsible for the excellent activity. Moreover, the state of palladium was only dependent on the calcination temperature. Well-dispersed Pd species were responsible for high selectivity to acetic acid, and large metallic Pd particles were favorable for ethylene combustion

A Novel and Noninvasive Risk Assessment Score and Its Child-to-Adult Trajectories to Screen Subclinical Renal Damage in Middle Age

This study aimed to develop a noninvasive, economical and effective subclinical renal damage (SRD) risk assessment tool to identify high-risk asymptomatic people from a large-scale population and improve current clinical SRD screening strategies. Based on the Hanzhong Adolescent Hypertension Cohort, SRD-associated variables were identified and the SRD risk assessment score model was established and further validated with machine learning algorithms. Longitudinal follow-up data were used to identify child-to-adult SRD risk score trajectories and to investigate the relationship between different trajectory groups and the incidence of SRD in middle age. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and body mass index were identified as SRD-associated variables. Based on these three variables, an SRD risk assessment score was developed, with excellent classification ability (AUC value of ROC curve: 0.778 for SRD estimation, 0.729 for 4-year SRD risk prediction), calibration (Hosmer—Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test p = 0.62 for SRD estimation, p = 0.34 for 4-year SRD risk prediction) and more potential clinical benefits. In addition, three child-to-adult SRD risk assessment score trajectories were identified: increasing, increasing-stable and stable. Further difference analysis and logistic regression analysis showed that these SRD risk assessment score trajectories were highly associated with the incidence of SRD in middle age. In brief, we constructed a novel and noninvasive SRD risk assessment tool with excellent performance to help identify high-risk asymptomatic people from a large-scale population and assist in SRD screening

Blood pressure and long‐term subclinical cardiovascular outcomes in low‐risk young adults: Insights from Hanzhong adolescent hypertension cohort

Stage 1 hypertension, newly defined by the 2017 American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) hypertension guideline, has been the subject of significant interest globally. This study aims to assess the impact of the new blood pressure (BP) stratum on subsequent subclinical cardiovascular outcomes in low‐risk young adults. This longitudinal study consisted of 1020 young adults (47.7% female; ages 18–23 years) free of cardiovascular disease from the Hanzhong Adolescent Hypertension Cohort with up to 25‐year follow‐up since 1992–1995. Outcomes were available through June 2017. Young adults with stage 1 hypertension accounted for 23.7% of the cohort. When it comes to middle adulthood, subjects with early life stage 1 hypertension were more likely to experience BP progression, and they had a 1.61‐fold increased risk of high‐risk brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and a 2.92‐fold risk of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) comparing with their normotensive counterparts. Among participants without any active treatment in midlife, the risk associated with stage 1 hypertension for BP progression was 2.25 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.41–3.59), high‐risk baPWV was 1.58 (95% CI = 1.09–2.79), LVH was 2.75 (95% CI = 1.16–6.48), and subclinical renal damage (SRD) was 1.69 (95% CI = 1.02–2.82) compared with the normal BP group. Overall, young adults with stage 1 hypertension had significantly higher risks for midlife subclinical cardiovascular outcomes than normotensive subjects. BP management targeting low‐risk young adults is of importance from both clinical and public health perspectives

The Relationships of the Fractional Excretion of Uric Acid with Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity and Ankle Brachial Index in Chinese Young Adults

Background/Aims: Elevated serum uric acid (UA) was intimately correlated with vascular stiffness and abnormal ankle brachial index (ABI) in various populations. These correlations lost significance after adjustment for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), indicating that the association of UA and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) or ABI might be driven by kidney function. UA is predominantly eliminated through the kidneys, and metabolic disorders can influence the clearance of UA. In this study, we aimed to explore the putative correlation between FEUA and baPWV or ABI to determine to what extent the associations with UA were affected by renal function. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 2351 participants, who underwent general health screening in Hanzhong people’s hospital from March to June of 2017. BaPWV and ABI were measured using a volume-plethysmographic apparatus (BP-203RPEII; Nihon Colin, Tokyo, Japan). FEUA was divided into quartiles: Q1:FEUA≤3.07; Q2: 3.07&#x3c;FEUA≤5.32; Q3: 5.32&#x3c;FEUA≤9.19; and Q4: FEUA&#x3e; 9.19. Results: Lower FEUA predicted a higher prevalence of high baPWV and low ABI (p for trend &#x3c;0.001). The respective ORs for high baPWV from the first to the third quartiles of FEUA were 1.777(1.323, 2.387); 1.561(1.158, 2.104); and 1.680 (1.250, 2.259). The prevalence of low ABI was greatly elevated with the decrement of FEUA [ORs for the first to third FEUA quartiles were 6.977(2.062, 23.610); 5.123(1.475, 17.790); and 2.685(0.709, 10.171), respectively]. The association of FEUA and ABI was independent of related confounding factors. However, the association between FEUA and baPWV was greatly influenced by corresponding confounders, especially gender. The efficacy of FEUA in the prediction of low ABI was stronger than that of serum UA. However, serum UA was more powerful in the prediction of high baPWV. Conclusion: Kidney function exerted a profound influence on the relationship between UA and baPWV or ABI, revealing complex interactions among cardiovascular risk factors