42 research outputs found

    Clinical implication of HLA class I expression in breast cancer

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    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-class I molecules on tumor cells have been regarded as crucial sites where cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) can recognize tumor-specific antigens and are strongly associated with anti-tumor activity. However, the clinical impact of HLA class I expression in breast cancer has not been clarified.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A total of 212 breast cancer patients who received curative surgery from 1993 to 2003 were enrolled in the current study. HLA class I expression was examined immunohistochemically using an anti-HLA class I monoclonal antibody. The correlation between HLA class I positivity and clinical factors was analyzed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The downregulation of HLA class I expression in breast cancer was observed in 69 patients (32.5%). HLA class I downregulation was significantly associated with nodal involvement (p < 0.05), TNM stage (p < 0.05), lymphatic invasion (p < 0.01), and venous invasion (p < 0.05). Patients with preserved HLA class I had significantly better disease-free interval (DFI) than those with loss of HLA class I (p < 0.05). However, in multivariable analysis, HLA class I was not selected as one of the independent prognostic factors of disease-free interval.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The examination of HLA class I expression is useful for the prediction of tumor progression and recurrent risk of breast cancer via the antitumor immune system.</p

    Improved survival of gastric cancer with tumour Epstein–Barr virus positivity: an international pooled analysis

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    About 9% of gastric carcinomas have Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) in the tumour cells, but it is unclear whether viral presence influences clinical progression. We therefore examined a large multicentre case series for the association of tumour EBV status with survival after gastric cancer diagnosis, accounting for surgical stage and other prognostic factors

    High-triplet-energy bipolar host materials based on phosphine oxide derivatives for efficient sky-blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence organic light-emitting diodes with reduced roll-off

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    We designed and synthesized two new ambipolar host materials, namely CzPO and Cz3PO. Combining CzPO and Cz3PO with CzTRZ2 as the emitter resulted in improved maximum external quantum efficiencies of 13.1% and 13.2%, respectively, together with small efficiency roll-offs, while the device based on bis[2-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl]ether oxide (DPEPO) as host showed a much more pronounced efficiency roll-off
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