Whether, to whom, and how : an investigation of daily experiences of discrimination and adolescents’ well-being

Discrimination is prevalent in the lives of adolescents, and it is also detrimental to adolescents’ well-being. The two-study dissertation employed a daily diary design to examine whether (study 1 and 2), for whom (study 1 and 2), and how (study 2) everyday experiences of discrimination influence adolescents’ socioemotional well-being and health-related behaviors (i.e., sleep). Study 1 used a 14-day daily diary data collected from 161 racially diverse 10th grade students (57% Latina/x/o, 21% Biracial, 10% Asian American, 9% White, 4% Black; 55% female). Study 2 integrated a 4-day daily diary data and longitudinal data with 290 Mexican-origin adolescents (55% female, Mage = 17.5). Study 1 found that peer-perpetrated discrimination, peer racial teasing, and vicarious discrimination of peers were all low-frequent, yet impactful events. Study 1 also found that psychological resilience, friend support, and positive peer-based school climate were important promotive and protective factors in buffering the negative effects of peer-based discrimination. Study 2 found that adolescents who reported more discrimination experiences across the four-day study period exhibited more adaptive diurnal cortisol responses (i.e., steeper diurnal cortisol slopes); however, such adaptive physiological responses tend to have a negative impact on adolescents’ mental health. Study 2 also found initial evidence of the protective role of resilience in the face of the physiological toll from discrimination. Altogether, the current dissertation documents the detrimental effects of day-to-day experiences of discrimination on adolescents’ daily and overall well-being and the importance of strengthening adolescents’ psychological resilience to help them effectively cope with discriminatory experiences.Human Development and Family Science

Discrimination, language brokering efficacy, and academic competence in Mexican-American adolescents

Discrimination is a significant risk factor for adolescents’ academic competence. However, the mechanism underlying this association is understudied. Guided by the integrative model of minority children’s development, this study examined whether a culture-specific factor, language brokering efficacy, mediated the relation between adolescents’ perceived discrimination and their academic competence. Two waves of data from 604 Mexican American adolescents (Mage.wave1 = 12.41, SD = .97, 54.3% female) residing in Central Texas were used. Path analyses showed that higher levels of discrimination were negatively related to adolescents’ language brokering efficacy for both mothers and fathers, which was then linked to lower levels of academic competence. Implications for intervening to reduce the negative impacts of discrimination are discussedHuman Development and Family Science

Research on the Spatial Network Effect of Urban Tourism Flows from Shanghai Disneyland

For a long time, Shanghai’s urban tourism has presented a single-core agglomeration pattern with the Bund area as the core, with the phenomenon of overcrowding in the core area during holidays. The opening of Disneyland in 2016 has had an important impact on the development of Shanghai’s urban tourism, including the spatial network of tourism flows. This study selects the travel notes of domestic tourists to Shanghai from Ctrip.com and sorts out a total of 1419 pieces of valid spatial information before and after the opening of Disneyland. With the help of social network analysis, it analyses the influence of Disneyland on the spatial network of domestic tourism flows in Shanghai. The results show that Disneyland has become a new spatial growth pole of Shanghai urban tourism, with an obvious network nuclear Overhauser effect, which is conducive to alleviating congestion in the Bund area, but the correlation effect of Disneyland on other tourism nodes is not obvious. The connection between high-grade tourism nodes is further enhanced, and some low-grade tourism nodes are more marginalized, showing the Matthew effect of nodes and the combined effects of nodes. Accordingly, this paper puts forward three suggestions. First, to strengthen the optimal design of tourism routes and enhance the connection between Disneyland and other tourism nodes; second, to upgrade low-grade tourism nodes, enhance recognition and strengthen integration with core tourism nodes; and, third, to strengthen top-level planning, provide comprehensive support for Disneyland, enhance its industrial linkage effect and spatial network effect, and promote the sustainable development of Shanghai’s urban tourism

The Elimination Effect of Take-Back Regulation on Backward Production Capacity Remanufacturing Supply Chains

With more and more end-of-life products in daily life, many companies are engaging in remanufacturing, including backward production capacity (BPC) enterprises. Meanwhile, take-back regulation always asks the manufacturer to take back end-of-life products to reduce pollution. However, the effect of take-back regulation on remanufacturers remains unclear. In this paper, we first analyzed the take-back regulation threshold with the elimination effect. We then discussed the impact on stakeholders, such as the manufacturer, the remanufacturer, consumers, and the government. A two-stage dynamic market model is proposed, which considers the market with/without BPC remanufacturer. Take-back regulation’s elimination effect is studied, and the results show that when the collection target reaches the elimination threshold, the manufacturer’s profit declines, the BPC remanufacturer is eliminated, consumer surplus decreases, and social welfare is improved. Besides, to cope with a high take-back regulation target, the manufacturer will reduce new product output, which leads to BPC remanufacturer’s benefits decline. A numerical study is given with a different collecting strategy of the BPC remanufacturer, the incentive interval, the inhibition interval, and the elimination interval of the take-back regulation for stakeholders which are described. At last, some managerial insights are given to help the regulator implement take-back regulation

Precarious job makes me withdraw? The role of job insecurity and negative affect

An expanding “gig” economy has changed the nature of employment; thus, researchers have recently focused on exploring the role of job precariousness in the workplace. However, little research attention has been given to understanding why, how and when job precariousness leads to employees’ negative behavioral outcomes in the service-oriented industry. In the current study, we examined job insecurity as a mediator and employees’ negative affect as a moderator in the relationship between job precariousness and employees’ withdrawal behavior. Using a sample of 472 employees working in Chinese hotels, we found that job precariousness is positively related to employees’ withdrawal behavior by increasing their job insecurity. Moreover, this mediating relationship is conditional on the moderator variable of employees’ negative affect for the path from job insecurity to withdrawal behavior. The importance of these findings for understanding the un-desirable behavior outcomes of job precariousness is discussed

Cultural adaptation congruence in immigrant spouses is associated with marital quality

Objective and backgroundPrevious research suggests that cultural adaptation is associated with Mexican‐origin couples’ marital outcomes, including marital distress and rates of dissolution. However, research on the marital implications of different types of spousal differences in cultural adaptation often omits important dyadic dynamics (i.e., incongruence between couples and with their partners); this, coupled with existing methodological issues, might contribute to the pattern of mixed findings in the literature.MethodUsing data from 273 Mexican‐origin couples, we conducted response surface analyses to examine how spousal congruence in four adaptation domains (acculturation, enculturation, English proficiency, Spanish proficiency) is associated with wives’ and husbands’ marital warmth, hostility and satisfaction.ResultsHigher, versus lower, levels of couple matches (except for enculturation) were associated with better marital quality. Mismatches in American (acculturation, English) and Mexican (enculturation, Spanish) orientations were also associated with higher, and lower, marital quality, respectively.Conclusion and implicationOur findings highlight the importance of examining couple matching, which has historically been understudied. We also suggest that inconsistencies in prior work can be explained by discrepant associations between mismatches in American versus Mexican orientation and relationship outcomes.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/170867/1/jomf12799_am.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/170867/2/jomf12799.pd