A Study on Inspection of Defective Tablet Blister Using Image Segmentation Techniques

humansareaffectedfrom many kind ofdiseases. Proper Medicationistheonlywaytoovercome fromsuchdiseases.Somedicinesbecome most important part of human life.Manufacturing of medicines is done in very large scale. Duringmanufacturing, thereare many kind of defects in tablet blister, defects are likebreakage, cracksetcpresentin tablets or capsules.There may be side-effects of these defected tablets or capsules due to variation in dosage when consumed. The manufactured tablets should be properly inspected before reaching to the public, so that they do not cause any side-effects.Manual inspection of such defects in tablet blister may be very challenging task.Image segmentation is an important technique for automation of visual inspection. Hence, it is important to propose some approaches to detect these defects in tablet blister. In literaturesurvey many researchers have proposed multiple procedures for identifying defects in tablet blister. In this research work we review allthe methods used to identify defects in tablets blister

Evaluation of PPIUCD versus interval IUCD (380A) insertion in a teaching hospital of Western U. P.

Background: Comparative evaluation of PPIUCD and interval IUCD in terms of incidence of failure, expulsions, bleeding P/V and other complications.Methods: Total 300 willing women after counselling in antenatal, early labor or postnatal period were inserted PPIUCD after excluding chorioamnionitis, PROM >18hrs, Unresolved PPH, Puerperal sepsis. Another 150 willing women were inserted interval IUCD after excluding contraindications. All were followed up for 6 months.Results: Expulsion rate was significantly higher in PPIUCD as compared to interval insertions (4.3% v/s 2.0%; p value< 0.05). Number of removal of IUCD was almost similar in both groups(5.6% v/s 6.0%) but bleeding as a cause of removal was significantly more in interval group(23.5% v/s 88.5%). Common causes of PPIUCD removal were social.Conclusions: Postpartum insertion of IUCD is safe effective, feasible and reversible method of contraception

ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIHEMOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF AVERRHOA BILIMBI EXTRACT

Objectives: The  present  investigation  attempts  to  study  the  antioxidant  and  antihemolytic  activity  of  ethyl  acetate  fraction  of  the  bilimbi  extract (BE)  and  determine  the  contributory  phytochemicals.Methods: Fresh fruits of Averrhoa bilimbi were dried and subjected to 60% aqueous methanol extraction followed by biphasic extraction with ethyl acetate and water. The ethyl acetate fraction (BE) underwent phytochemical screening, analyzed using RP- HPLC and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS.+) radical scavenging activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, RBC protection activity and DNA protection activity.Results: In phytochemical screening analysis, we detected lipids while alkaloids, flavanoids, saponins, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, reducing sugars and amino acids were not detected. HPLC analysis showed prominent peaks at 23, 27 and 37 min under 310 nm. The fraction expressed ABTS.+ radical scavenging activity,  hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, RBC protection activity and DNA protection activity wherein TEAC value was 11.5 µM, IC50 value of hydroxyl RSA and antihemolytic activity were 49 and 47 µg/ml respectively.Conclusion: The ethyl acetate fraction of bilimbi predominantly comprised of lipids which exhibited significant antioxidant and protective properties. Key words: Antioxidant, DNA protection activity, antihemolytic activityy.Â

Design and Performance Study of Improved Fuzzy System with Genetic Algorithm

Technical trading relies heavily on analysis, most of which is statistical in nature. When the data to be modeled is nonlinear, imprecise, or complicated, fuzzy inference systems (FISs) are used in conjunction with computational, mathematical, and statistical modeling methodologies to simulate technical trading. Fuzzy logic may be modeled using linear, nonlinear, geometric, dynamic, and integer programming. These techniques, when combined with fuzzy logic, help the decision-maker arrive at a better solution while still facing some degree of ambiguity or uncertainty. The moving average method is a useful metric that may give trade recommendations to aid investors further. While trading signals inform investors of when to purchase and sell, a simple moving average provides no such information. In this research, we suggest a fuzzy moving average approach in which the intensity of trading signals, measured in terms of trading volume, is determined by using the fuzzy logic rule. In this research, we propose using fuzzy logic technical trading rules, which are more resistant to decision-making mistakes, to mitigate the trading uncertainty inherent in the conventional technical indicators method

A study to determine scar integrity in pregnant women with previous lower segment caesarean section

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the radiological characteristics of previous caesarean section scar and their correlation with clinico-pathological parameters, in order to decide mode of delivery.Methods: This prospective longitudinal study was conducted on 200 women who had previous caesarean section and were at 36 weeks or more of gestation period and came in labor or taken for caesarean section from the antenatal clinic of Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Subharti Medical College from the period January 2011 to December 2013.Radiological evaluation of previous caesarean section scar was done using transvaginal sonography (TVS) for all the women 54 women went through caesarean section and for them peroperatively mechanical measurement of scar thickness was done by ophthalmic calliper to correlate with the scar thickness in USG. Peroperatively scar tissue was taken for histopathological evaluation.Results: 168 women with previous caesarean section underwent trial of labor and 114 women had vaginal delivery (67.8%). As per this study there was a statistically significant correlation between scar thickness measured at or after 36 weeks of gestation and mode of delivery (p<.0001). Statistically significant correlation was also found between scar thickness measured prior to shifting for caesarean and peroperative scar thickness measurement by calliper. In histopathology, presence of fibro-collagenous tissue indicates weaker scar.Conclusions: TVS should be used as an effective tool to measure the scar integrity, which will be helpful in deciding the mode of delivery. This will improve predictability of scar dehiscence or scar rupture in labor and hence choice of patients for successful VBAC may be made with greater accuracy. The pathological and biomechanical behavior evaluation of scar was done in this study in order to strengthen the radiological finding to decide the mode of delivery

EVALUATION OF APOPTOGENIC EFFECTS OF AVERRHOA BILIMBI EXTRACT ON EHRLICH ASCITES CARCINOMA BEARING MICE

ABSTRACTObjective: The proapoptotic potential of aqueous methanol extract of Averrhoa bilimbi fruit (AMBE) in vivo against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC)bearing Swiss albino mice was studied.Methods: Cytotoxicity of the extract on the EAC cells was monitored by tumor growth response, trypan blue exclusion assay, Giemsa staining, DNAfragmentation, fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The phytochemicalscreening using LC-MS and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) was conducted.Results: The extract at 100 mg/kg body weight was significantly cytotoxic toward the cells with approximately 73% growth inhibition on day 12. Itmarkedly decreased the tumor volume by 65% and viable tumor cell by 72%. Giemsa staining of AMBE treated cells displayed apoptotic morphologiessuch as membrane blebbing, cytoplasmic condensation, and apoptotic bodies. Cytotoxicity of the extract to the carcinoma cells through apoptosis wasfurther highlighted by DNA fragmentation in treated cells, while FACS analysis showed that growth arrest took place at G0/G1 phase. RT-PCR analysisdisplayed reduced level of Bcl-2/Bax ratio in test cells as compared to control cells. Phytochemical analysis of the extract using LC-MS and FT-IRstudies showed that protocatechuic acid was the predominant component present in the extract.Conclusion: Our studies indicated that Averrhoa bilimbi extract expressed significant apoptogenic potential against EAC cells in vivo.Keywords: Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, Apoptosis, Fluorescence-activated cell sorting, Bax/Bcl-2, Protocatechuic acid

Therapeutic options for extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), AmpC β-lactamases producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella sp. isolated from various clinical samples

Escherichia coli and Klebsiella sp. are the predominant species isolated from clinical samples. Recent and proper understanding of the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and AmpC β-lactamases (AmpC) producing E. coli and Klebsiella sp. will prevent the distribution and future incidence of ESBL and AmpC. We designed this study to understand antibiotic susceptibility patterns of ESBL and AmpC producing E. coli and Klebsiella sp. isolated from a tertiary care hospital in North India. A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2021 to February 2022. Guring this period, various clinical samples were collected and further tested for ESBL producing E. coli and Klebsiella sp. by using the Double disc Synergy test, whereas AmpC was detected by the Boronic acid disk potentiation method. Their antibiotic susceptibility patterns were noted. Various clinical specimens were collected, in which 37.95% were shown growth of bacteria. Among them, 46.67% of E. coli and 25.21% of Klebsiella sp. were identified by standard laboratory protocol. ESBL producing isolates were 44.37% and 34.20% in E. coli and Klebsiella sp., respectively. Whereas AmpC production was detected in 18.27% of E. coli and 29.36% of Klebsiella sp. ESBL and AmpC producing E. coli and Klebsiella sp. isolated from pus, blood, and sputum samples showed the highest sensitivity towards colistin, tigecycline, and imipenem while in urine samples imipenem, meropenem showed the highest sensitivity. Susceptibility patterns of ESBL and AmpC producing E. coli and Klebsiella sp. from various clinical specimens enhance hospital infection management and help clinicians to prescribe the appropriate antibiotics. The carbapenem, nitrofurantoin, colistin and tigecycline were showed highest susceptible against ESBL and AmpC producing E. coli and Klebsiella sp

INFLUENCE OF SPUTTERING PARAMETERS ON STRUCTURAL, OPTICAL AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF COPPER NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED BY DC MAGNETRON SPUTTERING

ABSTRACT We report the synthesis of ultrafine copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs