Morphological asymmetry and broiler welfare

Health status, feed conversion ratio, and mortality are long known broiler chicken production indicators. However, further parameters are required by today's demanding meat markets, as these indicators are not sufficiently accurate to determine flock overall welfare. Morphological asymmetry has been pointed as an alternative welfare indicator as it reflects the ability of the bird to cope with the challenges that rearing conditions may impose. This study aimed at evaluating the possibility of using morphological asymmetry as a welfare indicator. Broilers from 28 to 42 days of age were used in the trial. Birds were randomly selected in a commercial poultry farm and transported to the laboratory. They walked over the force measurement platform in order to determined their feet force as a percentage of body weight. The following body parts of the live birds were measured by two different operators using a digital caliper: tarsometatarsus length, outertoe length, midtoe length, and backtoe length. In the corresponding carcasses, the following traits were measured: wattle width, eye length, and first secondary feather length. Data were submitted to statistical analyses and no correlation was found between specific feet trait measurements and walking ability. Considering the time budget involved in measuring morphological asymmetry, this procedure did not appear to be a practically feasible welfare indicator.209213Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Desafios da formação do enfermeiro no contexto da expansão do ensino superior Desafíos de la formación del enfermero dentro del contexto de expansión de la enseñanza superior Nursing education challenges in a context of growth in participation in higher education

O estudo teve como objetivo identificar desafios na formação do enfermeiro no contexto da expansão do ensino superior. Pesquisa realizada em 17 cursos de graduação em enfermagem no Estado de Minas Gerais, por meio de grupos focais com docentes e discentes. Os resultados indicam que há uma mudança no perfil dos alunos que têm ingressado nos cursos de enfermagem. No contexto da expansão, as escolas têm contribuído para a transformação dos modelos de atenção com a incorporação de uma nova concepção sobre o sistema de saúde. Contudo, há desafios para associar as mudanças requeridas na graduação com o novo perfil de alunos que "optam" pelos cursos de enfermagem. Indica-se a necessidade de as escolas reverem seu projeto pedagógico e sua organização curricular a favor da qualificação do cuidado e da transformação dos modelos de atenção em saúde.<br>El presente estudio tuvo por objeto identificar los desafíos de la formación del enfermero dentro del contexto de expansión de la enseñanza superior. Se trata de una investigación realizada en 17 cursos de graduación en Enfermería en el Estado de Minas Gerais, con grupos focales de docentes y alumnos. Los resultados indican que el perfil de los alumnos que ingresan en los cursos de enfermería ha cambiado. Dentro del contexto de expansión, las facultades han contribuido para transformar los modelos de atención al adoptar una nueva concepción sobre el sistema de salud. Sin embargo, deben enfrentarse desafíos para asociar los cambios requeridos en la graduación con el nuevo perfil de alumnos que optan por los cursos de Enfermería. Se señala la necesidad de que las escuelas revean su proyecto pedagógico y organización curricular a favor de la calificación del cuidado y transformación de los modelos de atención en salud.<br>This study aimed to identify aspects that challenge nursing education in a context of growth in participation in higher education. The research was conducted in 17 Bachelor of Nursing courses in the state of Minas Gerais with focus groups formed by professors and students. The results indicate changes in the profile of nursing students being admitted to the universities. In this context of growth nursing schools have contributed to the transformation of the models of care and to the incorporation of new concepts on health system. However there are problems to articulate the changes required in the nursing degree courses with the new profile of students that decide on a nursing course. It is necessary that the schools review their teaching project and the organization of the curriculum that should focus on care qualification and the transformation of the health care system

Brazil, Russia, and Turkey: How New Democracies Deal with International Models of Higher Education?

International audienc

Scientific knowledge regarding natural resources in Latin America: conditioning factors and strategic challenges for the region

There is a worldwide trend towards growth in scientific production in different disciplines. Notable progress of certain countries in Latin America in scientific development is recognized worldwide. But beyond this progress, it is necessary to understand how this scientific knowledge is generated and what are the underlying factors shaping the understanding on local natural resources. Scientific knowledge related to natural resources is a key issue for a region that contains the highest proportion of rural population, almost half of the world´s tropical forests and a quarter of the world´s potentially arable land and. Not only the availability of natural resources, but also their governance reinforces the need for an autonomous scientific structure. We argue that funding (allocation and provenance), institutional priorities, international cooperation and unequal representation of gender bias or direct the scientific knowledge and researches in our region. This paper summarizes some evidence of different realities and ways of knowledge production according to: i) autonomy (i.e., funding, human resources and local institutions) in scientific research, ii) collaborations networks with foreign researchers, and iii) the role of women in Latin American science. We discuss about the relevance of an autonomous, participative and collaborative scientific development in Latin American countries.Fil: Soler Esteban, Rosina Matilde. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: González, Joel Hernán. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

As organizações de saúde na perspectiva da complexidade dos sistemas de cuidado Las organizaciones de salud en la perspectiva de la complejidad de los sistemas de cuidado Health organizations in the perspective of complexity of care system

A construção de novas práticas de cuidado pressupõe um novo olhar para as organizações de saúde. O objetivo é interpretar o tema da complexidade na saúde e na Enfermagem na perspectiva dos sistemas de cuidado, buscando um repensar das práticas de cuidado no contexto das organizações de saúde. O pensamento complexo traz consigo uma nova maneira de conceber a ação e a condição humana sob diferentes perspectivas. Surge como possibilidade para visualizar o sistema de cuidado como sistema complexo nas suas estruturas e propriedades, nos movimentos de inter-retroações nos espaços organizacionais e nos seus processos auto-organizadores. Espera-se uma ação transformadora das organizações de saúde que considere as ambigüidades, as incertezas e a dinâmica social contemporânea para um viver mais saudável.<br>La construcción de nuevas prácticas de cuidado presupone una nueva mirada a las organizaciones de salud. El objetivo de este ensayo es interpretar el tema de la complejidad en la salud y en Enfermería en la perspectiva de los sistemas de cuidado, buscando un repensar de las prácticas de cuidado en el contexto de las organizaciones de salud. El pensamiento complejo trae una nueva manera de concebir la acción y la condición humana bajo diferentes perspectivas. Aparece como posibilidad para la visualización de un sistema de cuidado como sistema complejo en sus estructuras y propiedades, en los movimientos de inter-retroacciones en los espacios organizacionales y en sus posibles procesos auto-organizadores. Se espera una acción transformadora de las organizaciones de salud que considere las ambigüedades, las incertidumbres y la dinámica social contemporánea para un para vivir más saludable.<br>The construction of new practices of care presupposes a new look for the health organizations. The objective of this text is to interpret the complexity theme in health and in Nurse fields in the care systems perspective, in order to promote a reflection of the practices of care in the health organizations context. The complex thought brings a new way to conceive the action and the human condition under different perspectives. It appears as a possibility for the visualization of a care system as a complex system in your structures and properties, in the movements of inter-retroactions in the organizational spaces and in possible auto-organizers processes. It is hoped a transforming action of the health organizations that considers the ambiguities, the uncertainties and the contemporary social dynamics for a healthier living