Fruit quality and production of yellow and sweet Passion fruits in northern state of São Paulo

Abstract Yield and quality of yellow and sweet passion fruits produced in northern state of São Paulo, Brazil were evaluated, including FB200 Yellow Master, Isla Redondo Amarelo, BRS Rubi do Cerrado, BRS Sol do Cerrado and BRS Gigante Amerelo cultivars, GP09-02, GP09-03, H09- 09, H09-14, HFOP-08 and HFOP-09 intraspecific hybrids, and two selections of sweet passion fruits, BGP DG and BGP DP. Experimental design was comprised of randomized blocks with 13 treatments, five replicates and three plants per plot. BGP DG was the sweet passion fruit selected for fresh fruit market as a result of its higher yield (52.7 t ha-1) and fruit size and mass (243 g). Among yellow passion fruits, GP09-02 stood out because it showed the highest number of fruits per plant after two years of cultivation, even though GP09-02, H09-09, BRS Sol do Cerrado, Isla Redondo Amarelo and FB200 had also presented higher juice content, on average 32.3%, and equivalent accumulated fruit yield. All fruits had high soluble solids contents, with higher concentration for sweet passion fruits (20.0 °Brix) than yellow passion fruits (average of 14.28 °Brix). These cultivars, hybrids and selections have potential for cultivation in northern state of São Paulo and in regions with similar edaphoclimatic conditions

Otimização da estaquia do maracujá-amarelo e seu potencial para o cultivo rasteiro ou tutorado

The objective of this work was to evaluate types of cuttings, indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) concentrations, and potting media on the rooting of passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) cultivars, and to compare the initial performance of flowering-competent cuttings cultivated in a trellising system or in a nonstaking method on ground covered with plastic mulch. The passion fruit cultivars evaluated were BRS Gigante Amarelo, Isla Redondo Amarelo, and FB 200 Yellow Master were evaluated. The assessed treatments were: softwood or semi-hardwood cuttings; five concentrations of IBA (0, 500, 1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 mg L-1); and the pine bark or phenolic foam potting media. Initial growth, fruit yield, and bacteriosis severity were evaluated in the field in flowering-competent cuttings and seedlings, both in the trellising system and in the nonstaking method on mulched ground. For the evaluated cultivars, a high rooting rate (>90%) was observed for both softwood and semi-hardwood cuttings grown in phenolic foam or decomposed pine bark for potting media, regardless of the IBA concentration. In the espalier system, 14 months after transplanting, fruit yield was 45% higher for cuttings than for seedlings. Unstaked plants had a low number of flowers and fruit set, and a great damage by bacteriosis according to the used cultivar. The evaluated cultivars can be propagated either by softwood or semi-hardwood cuttings, in phenolic foam or decomposed pine bark, without IBA application. Flowering-competent cuttings have the potential to anticipate the production in the trellised cultivation of yellow passion fruit. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar tipos de estacas, concentrações de ácido indolbutírico (AIB) e substratos de cultivo, no enraizamento de cultivares de maracujá (Passiflora edulis), e comparar o desempenho inicial de estacas floríferas conduzidas em sistema de espaldeira ou no método de cultivo rasteiro em solo protegido com cobertura de plástico. Avaliaram-se as cultivares de maracujá BRS Gigante Amarelo, Isla Redondo Amarelo e FB 200 Yellow Master. Os tratamentos avaliados foram: estacas herbácea ou lenhosa, cinco concentrações de AIB (0, 500, 1.000, 2.000 e 4.000 mg L-1); e os substratos de cultivo casca de pinheiro ou espuma fenólica. Em campo, o crescimento inicial, a produção de frutos e a severidade da bacteriose foram avaliados em plantas de estacas competentes para florescer e em mudas, tanto no sistema em espaldeira como no método rasteiro em solo com cobertura de plástico. Para as cultivares avaliadas, observou-se alta taxa de enraizamento (>90%) tanto para as estacas herbáceas como para as semilenhosas, em substrato de espuma fenólica ou casca decomposta de pinheiro, independentemente da concentração de AIB. No sistema de espaldeira, após 14 meses de cultivo, a produção foi 45% maior para plantas obtidas de estacas que para mudas. As plantas rasteiras apresentaram baixo número de flores e frutos e grande severidade de bacteriose conforme a cultivar utilizada. As cultivares avaliadas podem ser propagadas por estaquia herbácea ou semilenhosa, em espuma fenólica ou em casca de pinheiro decomposta, sem aplicação de AIB. As estacas floríferas apresentam potencial para antecipar a produção em cultivo de maracujá-amarelo em espaldeira

Fruit quality and production of yellow and sweet Passion fruits in northern state of São Paulo

<div><p>Abstract Yield and quality of yellow and sweet passion fruits produced in northern state of São Paulo, Brazil were evaluated, including FB200 Yellow Master, Isla Redondo Amarelo, BRS Rubi do Cerrado, BRS Sol do Cerrado and BRS Gigante Amerelo cultivars, GP09-02, GP09-03, H09- 09, H09-14, HFOP-08 and HFOP-09 intraspecific hybrids, and two selections of sweet passion fruits, BGP DG and BGP DP. Experimental design was comprised of randomized blocks with 13 treatments, five replicates and three plants per plot. BGP DG was the sweet passion fruit selected for fresh fruit market as a result of its higher yield (52.7 t ha-1) and fruit size and mass (243 g). Among yellow passion fruits, GP09-02 stood out because it showed the highest number of fruits per plant after two years of cultivation, even though GP09-02, H09-09, BRS Sol do Cerrado, Isla Redondo Amarelo and FB200 had also presented higher juice content, on average 32.3%, and equivalent accumulated fruit yield. All fruits had high soluble solids contents, with higher concentration for sweet passion fruits (20.0 °Brix) than yellow passion fruits (average of 14.28 °Brix). These cultivars, hybrids and selections have potential for cultivation in northern state of São Paulo and in regions with similar edaphoclimatic conditions.</p></div

Genetic parameters, adaptability and stability to selection of yellow passion fruit hybrids

The objective of this study was to evaluate the stability and adaptability, using the method of harmonic means of the relative performance of genetic values and to estimate the genetic components of variance and average via mixed models of 14 genotypes of passion fruit in three environments. Data were obtained in a random block design with three replicates and nine plants per plot. For the hybrids in the final validation phase, the estimates of heritability and genetic gains in the evaluated environments showed good prospects for selection of superior genotypes. There was a pronounced effect of genotypeenvironment interaction (GxE) for all traits investigated except fruit length, percentage of pulp, soluble solids, titratable acidity and SS/TA ratio. The most stable and adaptable hybrids in the evaluated environments were BRS Gigante Amarelo, HFOP-09, H09-09, GP09-02, GP09-03 and BRS Sol do Cerrado

Evaluation of laboratory markers of progression of HIV disease to death

INTRODUCTION: One of the important current problems in HIV/AIDS infection is the establishment of epidemiological and laboratorial prognostic parameters during patient follow-up. This study aimed at analyzing the evolution of laboratory tests: CD4 lymphocyte count, viral load, hemoglobin (Hb), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and the epidemiological variables sex and age as prognostic factors for survival in progression to death among AIDS patients. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted using analysis of medical records, and prospective 24-month follow-up of patients with HIV/ AIDS attended at the President Vargas Hospital Outpatient Clinic, a reference center in HIV/ AIDS attendance in the State of Maranhão, Brazil. The study analyzed patients aged 10 to 60 years old, who manifested AIDS and who were not using antiretroviral therapy or had used it for less than 5 years. The Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The sample included 100 patients - 57 were current outpatients, and 43 had died. The variables viral load (p=0.726), ALT (p=0.314), sex (p=0.687), and age (p=0.742) were analyzed, and no evidence of association between them and worst prognosis was observed. CONCLUSIONS: A significant relation was verified between low Hb levels (p=0.000) and CD4 (p=0.000) and shorter survival

Relationship between rainfall and temperature: observations on the cases of visceral leishmaniasis in São Luis Island, State of Maranhão, Brazil

INTRODUCTION: Visceral leishmaniasis is a serious public health problem that requires global control strategies, especially with respect to factors that may intervene in reducing the incidence of endemicity. In this work, rainfall density and temperature were correlated with the incidence of human cases in an area endemic for leishmaniasis in São Luis do Maranhão, Northeastern Brazil. METHODS: Notification of human cases by the National Health Foundation/Regional Coordination of Maranhão (FUNASA/COREMA) from 2002 to 2010 was used. Ecological data (mean temperature and rainfall density) were provided by the Meteorological Office of State. RESULTS: A significant association was verified between the number of VL cases and rainfall rate but not in the analysis concerning mean temperatures. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the control actions in visceral leishmaniasis should be performed during rainy season in the State of Maranhão, which is in the first half of the year

Sociedade, segurança e cidadania: livro II - Paz no trânsito

Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina - Unisul Polícia Militar de Santa Catarina - 14º BPM Polícia Civil de Santa Catarina Prefeitura Municipal de Jaraguá do Su

Pilar de Goiás: a vila entre a memória, a história e a materialidade

This article seeks to understand the interface established between historical archeology, history and the national policy of protection of historical, artistic, architectural and archaeological heritage - through the legal instrument of tipping - materialized in the case of the city of Pilar de Goiás, in the state of Goiás. This protection, begun in the 1950s, occurred in a conceptually and technically fragile way, led to a series of problems and challenges in the fields of history and archeology, especially in the preservation of this same national patrimony. The eighteenth-century mining town went through innumerable “gold bullfights” followed by mining abandonment and population decline (every time the metal fountains were exhausted). This process, initiated in the colonial period and still in progress, favored the construction of a series of memories that complicate the more objective interpretation of the profile of this colonial village. In the present work we seek to understand these processes and how the scientific researches - and even the policies for the patrimony - were informed in the memory, creating a somewhat confusing scenario regarding the colonial past of Pilar de Goiás. The historiography, we propose an interpretation about Pilar de Goiás based on a very plastic society, plural and multifaceted economy. This procedure, far from the grandiose and excessively grounded interpretations of the search for what would be a “mining society”, helps us to understand the processes involved in colonial occupation and the construction of networks of commerce, transit, and urbanization of the central portion of the Colony.Este artigo busca compreender a interface estabelecida entre a arqueologia histórica, a história e a política nacional de proteção do patrimônio histórico, artístico, arquitetônico e arqueológico - através do instrumento legal de tombamento - materializada no caso da cidade de Pilar de Goiás, no estado de Goiás. Essa proteção, iniciada na década de 1950, ocorrida de modo conceitual e tecnicamente frágil, acarretou uma série de problemas e desafios para os campos da história e da arqueologia, sobretudo no tocante à preservação desse mesmo patrimônio nacional. A vila mineradora setecentista passou por inúmeras “corridas do ouro” seguidas de abandono das lavras e decréscimo populacional (toda vez que se esgotavam as fontes do metal). Tal processo, iniciado em período colonial e ainda em andamento, favoreceu a construção de uma série de memórias que complicam a interpretação mais objetiva do perfil dessa vila colonial. No presente trabalho buscamos compreender esses processos e como as pesquisas científicas - e mesmo as políticas para o patrimônio - informaram-se na memória, criando um cenário algo confuso a respeito do passado colonial de Pilar de Goiás. Diante disso, e recorrendo aos documentos históricos e à historiografia, propomos uma interpretação a respeito de Pilar de Goiás, fundamentada em uma sociedade muito plástica, plural e de economia multifacetada. Procedimento que, distante das interpretações grandiosas e excessivamente fundamentadas na busca daquilo que seria uma “sociedade mineradora”, auxilia-nos a compreender os processos envolvidos na ocupação colonial e na construção de redes de comércio, de trânsito e de urbanização da parcela central da Colônia