A software tool for monitoring legal minimum lenght of landings: Case study of a fishery in sourthern Spain

Herramienta de interés para el control y la gestión de pesqueríasThe regulation of minimum legal size(MLS) of catches is a tool widely applied in the management of fisheries resources, although the MLS does not always coincide with the length at first maturit(LFM). The optimization of this management tool requires a series of quality control in fish markets and transportation. A software application has been developed to make the control of the landings of several target species easier and faster. In order to test and make this tool operational,six species of commercial interest were selected: four species of fish hand two species of bivalves. It is proposed to estimate the proportion of illegal specimens in the studied lot from the proportion of illegal individuals found in the samples taken from this lot.The input data for the application are the minimum legal size(MLS) of the species and the total length(TL)of each specimen sampled. The out put data is a statistical summary of the percentage of specimens of size less than the legal minimum(TL<=MLS)within different confidence intervals(90%,95% and 99%). The software developed will serve as a fast,efficient and easy to manage tool that allows inspectors to determine the degree of compliance on MLS control and to make a decision supported by statistical proof on fishing goods

Tricyclazole-clay complexes as potential smart delivery systems: release in water and environmental fate in alluvial and sandy soils

Natural mineral clays (SWy-2, CTI and SH) were modified with natural inorganic cation (Fe3+) and the biopolymer (chitosan (ch)) to increase the adsorption capacity for tricyclazole. Three ways to prepare tricyclazole-clay complexes (ground mixing, GM, weak complex, WC and strong complex, SC) were assayed with the aim to develop possible components for controlled release formulations (CRFs) of this fungicide. The greatest adsorption (> 93%) was measured in the natural clays modified with Fe3+. The release of tricyclazole in water was higher for GMs of SWch6 (77%), SWch4 (84%) and CTIFe (85%). No significant differences were observed in the dissipation in soil of tricyclazole applied as commercial product or as formulation. However, the leaching of the fungicide depended on the type of soil: tricyclazole was not detected in any leachate from the soil with higher clay content (alluvial) whereas the SWch6 weak complex (WC) reduced the leaching of tricyclazole (65%) as compared to the commercial formulation (75%) in a sandy soil after 60 days. This last tricyclazol-clay complex could be considered as appropriate component for CRF, to be used in sandy soils. The other modified clays assayed, showing very high, strong and irreversible adsorption could find application as filters to eliminate tricyclazole from contaminated waters. Clay-fungicide interaction mechanisms are discussed and related to their soil and water behavior.CSIC (JAE-Doc program), MINECO (AGL2011-23779 project) and Junta de Andalucía (P11-AGR-7400), co-funded by EU FEDER-FSE (OP 2009-2013) funding.Peer Reviewe

Exercise redox biology from health to performance

In order to support the energy demand during physical exercise, temporary acute responses occur in our organism to meet the homeostatic challenge imposed by the working muscles. As a result of the accumulation of exercise bouts the organism adapts. Exercise adaptations refer to the long-term changes that occur in our body as a consequence of training. The molecular bases of skeletal muscle adaptations to exercise such as mitochondrial biogenesis, hypertrophy, angiogenesis, and cytoprotection, are mediated by signaling events regulating transcriptional and translational processes and the activity of proteins involved in the maintenance of homeostasi

Comparison of inorganic and biohybrid layered silicates as adsorbents and carriers of herbicide imazamox for smart control of Striga and Orobanche spp.weeds

Poster presentado en el International Conference on Structural Nano Composites 20-21 May 2014 in Madrid, Spain, pag. 53 (2014) (NANOSTRUC 2014)Parasitic plants as Striga and Orobanche spp. are controlled by the systemic herbicide imazamox, which has to act at early stages of weed seeds germination in the root zone. Imazamox is an ionic herbicide with high water solubility and soil mobility: high risk of water contamination and loss of efficacy.CSIC (JAE-­‐Doc), MINECO (AGL2011-­‐23779), JA (AGR-­‐264 and P11-­‐AGR-­7400) with FEDER-­‐FSE (OP2009-­‐13); BASF for technical imazamox and M.A. Adelino for SW-­CHs samples.Peer Reviewe

Efecto de la coaplicación de herbicidas y adición de alperujo como enmienda en el comportamiento de diurón y terbutilazina en un suelo arcillo-limoso

Congreso celebrado del 21-24 de septiembre 2010, en Granada, España.Los herbicidas se aplican a los cultivos como formulaciones que habitualmente incluyen más de un principio activo. Sin embargo, los estudios sobre comportamiento de herbicidas en suelos en el laboratorio suelen hacerse aplicando los herbicidas de forma individual.Peer reviewe

Influence of Olive Oil Mill Waste Amendment on Fate of Oxyfluorfen in Southern Spain Soils

7 páginas.-- 1 figura.-- 3 tablas.-- 37 referencias.--Oxyfluorfen herbicide residues have been previously reported in surface and ground water in the Guadalquivir river basin in Spain. Soil factors and processes (sorption, dissipation, and leaching) influencing the potential offsite transport of oxyfluorfen to surface and ground water were characterized in laboratory experiments for two soils from Southern Spain. The influence of olive-oil mill waste amendment on the soil processes was also determined. Oxyfluorfen sorption in unamended soils was not significantly affected by soil active components (organic matter and clay fraction). However, a significant increase in soil sorption of the herbicide was observed upon amendment. Laboratory half-life values for oxyfluorfen in unamended sandy clay loam and silty clay soils at 40% moisture content and 25°C were 29 and 19 days, respectively, and it increased by a factor of four upon amendment. Oxyfluorfen's mobility along soil profile increased with the amendment in leaching studies at 25°C, suggesting that dissolved organic matter of amendment can play an important role enhancing soil vertical movement of the pesticide. The increase in soil adsorption and persistence observed with olive-oil mill waste amendment can promote its losses by runoff following winter application, whereas vertical movement of oxyfluorfen can be enhanced following spring application when olive-oil mill waste amendment is also applied.This work has been partially financed by research projects P06-AGR-565, P07-AGR-03077, and AGR-264 from Junta de Andalucia, all of them cofinanced with EU FEDER-FSE funds (Operative Program 2003/06 and 2007/11). This work has been specially supported by I-Link 0025 research project from CSIC. We are grateful to Dow Agrosciences LLC, Indianapolis, IN for supplying 14C-labeled oxyfluorfen. Authors also thank to Dra. L. Cox and Dr. R. Celis for manuscript valuable support, comments and suggestions.Peer reviewe

Agreement between a simple dyspnea-guided treatment algorithm for stable COPD and the GOLD guidelines: A pilot study

Introduction: Guidelines recommendations for the treatment of COPD are poorly followed. This could be related to the complexity of classification and treatment algorithms. The purpose of this study was to validate a simpler dyspnea-based treatment algorithm for inhaled pharmacotherapy in stable COPD, comparing its concordance with the current Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guideline. Methods: We enrolled patients who had been diagnosed with COPD in three primary care facilities and two tertiary hospitals in Spain. We determined anthropometric data, forced expiratory volume in the 1st second (percent), exacerbations, and dyspnea based on the modified Medical Research Council scale. We evaluated the new algorithm based on dyspnea and exacerbations and calculated the concordance with the current GOLD recommendations. Results: We enrolled 100 patients in primary care and 150 attending specialized care in a respiratory clinic. There were differences in the sample distribution between cohorts with 41% vs 26% in grade A, 16% vs 12% in grade B, 16% vs 22% in grade C, and 27% vs 40% in grade D for primary and respiratory care, respectively (P=0.005). The coincidence of the algorithm with the GOLD recommendations in primary care was 93% and 91.8% in the respiratory care cohort. Conclusion: A simple dyspnea-based treatment algorithm for inhaled pharmacotherapy of COPD could be useful in the management of COPD patients and concurs very well with the recommended schema suggested by the GOLD initiative

La reutilización de aguas regeneradas en España: ejemplos de aplicación en el marco del proyecto CONSOLIDER-TRAGUA

La reutilización de aguas depuradas en España se realiza desde hace décadas, siendo uno de los países en los que esta práctica está más extendida. Sin embargo, no se llega a reutilizar más del 5% del total de las aguas residuales recogidas, aunque en algunos casos, como en Canarias, el agua depurada ha llegado a suponer un 20% del agua consumida. En este artículo se presentan tres ejemplos de reutilización de aguas depuradas con una importante incidencia en los aspectos ambientales y asociados a condiciones hídricas diversas. Los estudios se están llevando a cabo dentro del Proyecto CONSOLIDER-TRAGUA cuyo objetivo es abordar de manera integrada los aspectos implicados en la reutilización de aguas residuales procedentes de las estaciones depuradoras de aguas residuales urbanas. Las zonas seleccionadas para los estudios de campo se sitúan en Andalucía donde el agua regenerada se aplica a filtros verdes y riego de cultivos para la obtención de biodiesel; Canarias para riego de campos de Golf y Cataluña donde el agua es inyectada para generar una barrera hidráulica contra la intrusión marina del acuífero. En los tres casos estudiados se incide en los aspectos suelo-agua-planta y sus impactos en el medio.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

On the morphology of ammonium nitrate (III): theory and observation

The aim of this paper is to derive on a theoretical basis the morphology of crystals of ammonium nitrate, phase III, and to compare the results with experimental growth forms. The theory used is based on the concepts of periodic bond chain (PBC), F face and connected net, developed by Hartman and Perdok. Further an Ising model is used to determine roughening temperatures. Based on different criteria theoretical growth forms are predicted and compared with experiments

Hydrogeophysical Assessment of the Critical Zone below a Golf Course Irrigated with Reclaimed Water Close to Volcanic Caldera

The geometry and the hydraulic properties of the unsaturated zone is often difficult to evaluate from traditional soil sampling techniques. Soil samples typically provide only data of the upper layers and boreholes are expensive and only provide spotted information. Non-destructive geophysical methods and among them, electrical resistivity tomography can be applied in complex geological environments such as volcanic areas, where lavas and unconsolidated pyroclastic deposits dominate. They have a wide variability of hydraulic properties due to textural characteristics and modification processes suh as compaction, fracturation and weathering. To characterize the subsurface geology below the golf course of Bandama (Gran Canaria) a detailed electrical resistivity tomography survey has been conducted. This technique allowed us to define the geometry of the geological formations because of their high electrical resistivity contrasts. Subsequently, undisturbed soil and pyroclastic deposits samples were taken in representative outcrops for quantifying the hydraulic conductivity in the laboratory where the parametric electrical resistivity was measured in the field. A statistical correlation between the two variables has been obtained and a 3D model transit time of water infiltration through the vadose zone has been built to assess the vulnerability of the aquifers located below the golf course irrigated with reclaimed water