Groundwater Exploitation Zoning Aiming at Management of Sustainable Groundwater Exploitation and Use in Ca Mau Peninsula, Vietnam

The research is financed by KC08.08/16-20: Study of measures for mitigating and adapting to drought and salinity intrusion as natural hazards in Camau peninsula, Ministry of Science and Technology, Vietnam Abstract Groundwater system in Camau Peninsula has 6 main aquifers (not including very poorly productive qh aquifer), of which 4 aquifers are predominantly exploited, namely qp2-3, qp1, n22 and n21; 2 minor aquifers are qp3 and n13. Although the aquifers are located over the area, due to complicated fresh/saline interfaces in sections, exploitation and protection of groundwater sources is dealing with many problems. In the paper, information of aquifers is systematized into a map of groundwater exploitation zoning on scale 1:200,000 for the purpose of supplying essential information of water sources management in each socio-economical zone. Keywords: Camau peninsula, potential exploitable groundwater reserve. DOI: 10.7176/JEES/10-4-04 Publication date: April 30th 202

Transgenic and Knockout Mice Models to Reveal the Functions of Tumor Suppressor Genes

Cancer is caused by multiple genetic alterations leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation through multiple pathways. Malignant cells arise from a variety of genetic factors, such as mutations in tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) that are involved in regulating the cell cycle, apoptosis, or cell differentiation, or maintenance of genomic integrity. Tumor suppressor mouse models are the most frequently used animal models in cancer research. The anti-tumorigenic functions of TSGs, and their role in development and differentiation, and inhibition of oncogenes are discussed. In this review, we summarize some of the important transgenic and knockout mouse models for TSGs, including Rb, p53, Ink4a/Arf, Brca1/2, and their related genes

Functional Annotation of ESR1 Gene Fusions in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer

RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) detects estrogen receptor alpha gene (ESR1) fusion transcripts in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer, but their role in disease pathogenesis remains unclear. We examined multiple ESR1 fusions and found that two, both identified in advanced endocrine treatment-resistant disease, encoded stable and functional fusion proteins. In both examples, ESR1-e6>YAP1 and ESR1-e6>PCDH11X, ESR1 exons 1–6 were fused in frame to C-terminal sequences from the partner gene. Functional properties include estrogen-independent growth, constitutive expression of ER target genes, and anti-estrogen resistance. Both fusions activate a metastasis-associated transcriptional program, induce cellular motility, and promote the development of lung metastasis. ESR1-e6>YAP1- and ESR1-e6>PCDH11X-induced growth remained sensitive to a CDK4/6 inhibitor, and a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) naturally expressing the ESR1-e6>YAP1 fusion was also responsive. Transcriptionally active ESR1 fusions therefore trigger both endocrine therapy resistance and metastatic progression, explaining the association with fatal disease progression, although CDK4/6 inhibitor treatment is predicted to be effective. Lei et al. show that transcriptionally active estrogen receptor gene (ESR1) fusions identified from late-stage, treatment-refractory estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer drive pan-endocrine therapy resistance and metastatic progression. Growth of breast tumors driven by ESR1 fusions at primary and metastatic sties can be suppressed with a CDK4/6 inhibitor

Chinese Ethnicity Is Associated With Concomitant Cartilage Injuries in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears

10.1177/2325967117750083Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine6

Association of Compartmental Bone Bruise Distribution With Concomitant Intra-articular and Extra-articular Injuries in Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears After Noncontact Sports Trauma

10.1177/2325967118767625Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine6

Bistable electrical switching and rewritable memory effect in a thin film acrylate copolymer containing carbazole-oxadiazole donor-acceptor pendant groups

Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings11141-10MRSP

Risk of intraocular bleeding with novel oral anticoagulants compared with warfarin: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Published online July 6, 2017.Importance: It is unclear if the risk of intraocular bleeding with novel oral anticoagulants differs compared with warfarin. Objective: To characterize the risk of intraocular bleeding with novel oral anticoagulants compared with warfarin. Data Sources: A systematic review and meta-analysis was undertaken in an academic medical setting. MEDLINE and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for randomized clinical trials published up until August 2016. This search was supplemented by manual bibliography searches of identified trials and other review articles. Study Selection: Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were phase 3 randomized clinical trials, enrolled patients with atrial fibrillation or venous thromboembolism, compared a novel oral anticoagulant (dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, or edoxaban) with warfarin, and recorded event data on intraocular bleeding. Data on intraocular bleeding were pooled using inverse-variance, weighted, fixed-effects meta-analysis. Data Extraction and Synthesis: The PRISMA guidelines were used for abstracting data and assessing quality. Independent extraction was performed by 2 investigators. Main Outcomes and Measures: Intraocular bleeding events and associated risk ratio for novel oral anticoagulants compared with warfarin. Results: Twelve trials investigating 102 627 patients were included. Randomization to novel oral anticoagulants was associated with a 22% relative reduction in intraocular bleeding compared with warfarin (risk ratio, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.61-0.99). There was no significant heterogeneity observed (I2 = 4.8%, P = .40). Comparably lower risks of intraocular bleeding with novel oral anticoagulants were seen in subgroup analyses, with no significant difference according to the indication for anticoagulation (P for heterogeneity = .49) or the novel oral anticoagulant type (P for heterogeneity = .15). Summary estimates did not differ materially when random-effects meta-analytic techniques were used. Conclusions and Relevance: These results suggest that novel oral anticoagulants reduce the risk of intraocular bleeding by approximately one-fifth compared with warfarin. Similar benefits were seen in both patients with atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism. Our data have particular relevance for patients at higher risk of spontaneous retinal and subretinal bleeding. These findings may also have important implications in the perioperative period, in which the use of novel oral anticoagulants may be superior. Future studies are required to better characterize the optimal management of patients with both ophthalmic disease and cardiovascular comorbidities requiring anticoagulation.Michelle T. Sun, Megan K. Wood, WengOnn Chan, Dinesh Selva, Prashanthan Sanders, Robert J. Casson, Christopher X. Won

Molecular conformation-dependent memory effects in non-conjugated polymers with pendant carbazole moieties

Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings1071109-114MRSP