Composição físico-química e valores energéticos de farinhas de silagem de peixe para frangos de corte

Objetivou-se determinar a composição físico-química, os valores energéticos e os coeficientes de digestibilidade de quatro farinhas de silagem de peixe para frangos de corte. Foram produzidas quatro farinhas de silagem de peixe, utilizando-se o resíduo da filetagem de tilápias ensilado com diferentes fontes de carboidratos fermentáveis. Analisou-se a composição físico-química das silagens, e, em seguida, um ensaio de metabolismo com 180 pintos machos da linhagem Cobb de 14 a 25 dias de idade. Também foram avaliados o tempo de trânsito gastrintestinal das rações e o desempenho das aves nas gaiolas. Os animais foram distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos, seis repetições e seis aves por unidade experimental. Os tratamentos consistiram de uma dieta referência e de quatro dietas teste compostas de 60% da ração referência e 40% do resíduo da filetagem de tilápia ensilado com diferentes fontes de carboidratos, sendo a farinha de silagem de peixe com o farelo de algaroba (SFA), com a farinha de varredura de mandioca (SFVM), com o farelo de milho (SFM) e com a casca da mandioca (SCM). A SFM obteve o maior teor de PB, 22,38%, de EE, 27,35%, e o maior tempo de trânsito, com 195,0min; a SCM apresentou o maior valor de MM, 11,12%. Os valores de EMA e EMAn das farinhas de silagem de peixe não diferiram significativamente entre eles. O maior GP e a melhor CA foram apresentados pelos animais do tratamento SFM, e os piores GP e CA pelos frangos de corte alimentados com dietas contendo a SFVM. Com base na composição obtida, estas silagens de peixe têm potencialidade para serem utilizadas em dietas para frangos de corte

Green does not always mean go: a sulfated galactan from Codium isthmocladum green seaweed reduces melanoma metastasis through direct regulation of malignancy features

Melanoma is the most lethal form of skin cancer, with a worldwide increase in incidence. Despite the increased overall survival of metastatic melanoma patients given recent advances in targeted and immunotherapy, it still has a poor prognosis and available treatment options carry diverse severe side effects. Polysaccharides from seaweed have been shown to exert antitumor activities. Here we show in vitro and in vivo antitumor activities of a sulfated homogalactan (named 3G4S) from Codium isthmocladum seaweed in the B16-F10 murine melanoma cell line. 3G4S did not induce cytotoxicity or proliferation changes; however, it was able to reduce solid tumor growth and metastasis, while not inducing side effects in mice. B16-F10 cells traits related to the metastatic cascade were also impaired by 3G4S, reducing cell invasion, colony forming capacity and membrane glycoconjugates. Therefore, 3G4S shows promising antitumor activities without the commonly associated drawbacks of cancer treatments and can be further explored

Cytomegalovirus Infection In Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Review In The Literature And A Single Center Experience, (state University Of Campinas, Brazil)

Human cytomegalovirus is a ß human herpesvirus characterized by its restricted host range, production of nuclear as cytoplasmic inclusions, and its long life cycle. It is the largest known human herpesvirus, with genome of about 240 kb. CMV establishes latency in peripheral blood monocytes and tissue macrophages and can reactivate during HSCT. CMV is one of the most common viruses after HSCT and had been the most common infection cause of death. During the two decade ago, major advances have been achieved regarding the management CMV infection and disease. These advances have been made possible through the development of new diagnostic techniques for the detection of the virus and through the performance of prospective clinical trials of antiviral agents. Two principal strategies have been used for prevention of CMV disease: prop-hylactic strategy in which regular administration of an antiviral is used to prevent CMV reactivation and preemptive strategy in which reactivation of CMV is screened for during the period of higher risk and antiviral therapy promptly initiated when CMV reactivation occurs. In 1993 was realized the first HSCT in Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, State University of Campinas (Brazil), using the prophylactic strategy with intravenous ganciclovir in allogenic HSCT recipient but without using assays for monitoring active CMV infection in post-transplant. Surveillance of active CMV infection began in 1996 by PCR and serology. Preliminary results of this protocol were exhibited in the 2nd meeting of the European Haematology Association - Paris , France (1996). Preemptive strategy was deployed in 2004 by Bonon et al. In this research was described the Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, State University of Campinas (Brazil) experience in the control of active CMV infection following HSCT using two strategies of CMV infection treatment: ganciclovir universal prophylaxis at low doses and preemptive therapy with ganciclovir. The surveillance was based on the monitoring by antigenemia and PCR for detection of CMV and the conclusion was that the patients with a propensity for developing CMV disease can be readily identified and preemptive therapy instituted, avoiding the toxicity related to antivirals and the high cost of universal prophylaxis. Though the antigenemia method is the gold standard to guide previous treatment in HSCT receptors, real-time PCR is emerging as an alternative to substitute antigenemia because it presents several advantages over the antigenemia, including an increased sensitivity for the detection of CMV reactivation, the reliable detection of CMV reactivation during severe neutropenia in the early post-transplant period, the shorter time required for the procedure, and the convenient processing of large numbers of specimens. For this reason Peres et al. (2010) in order to switch the monitoring method from antigenemia to real-time PCR in Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, State University of Campinas (Brazil) determined the cutoff of 418.4 copies/104 PBL (peripheral blood leukocytes) by real-time PCR for preemptive therapy. 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