8 research outputs found

    A constitutive catabolite repression mutant of a recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain improves xylose consumption during fermentation

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    Efficient xylose utilisation by microorganisms is of importance to the lignocellulose fermentation industry. The aim of this work was to develop constitutive catabolite repression mutants in a xylose-utilising recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain and evaluate the differences in xylose consumption under fermentation conditions. S. cerevisiae YUSM was constitutively catabolite repressed through specific disruptions within theMIG1 gene. The strains were grown aerobically in synthetic complete medium with xylose as the sole carbon source. Constitutive catabolite repressed strain YCR17 grew four-fold better on xylose in aerobic conditions than the control strain YUSM. Anaerobic batch fermentation in minimal medium with glucose-xylose mixtures and N-limited chemostats with varying sugar concentrations were performed. Sugar utilisation and metabolite production during fermentation were monitored. YCR17 exhibited a faster xylose consumption rate than YUSM under high glucose conditions in nitrogen-limited chemostat cultivations. This study shows that a constitutive catabolite repressed mutant could be used to enhance the xylose consumption rate even in the presence of high glucose in the fermentation medium. This could help in reducing fermentation time and cost in mixed sugar fermentation.Vasudevan Thanvanthri Gururajan, Marie-F. Gorwa-Grauslund, Bärbel Hahn-Hägerdal, Isak S. Pretorius and Ricardo R. Cordero Oter

    Obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, and cardiovascular risk

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    Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the number one killer of Americans. It is also a major risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea, which is rising in the US population as the obesity epidemic continues. Obstructive sleep apnea, in turn, has been implicated as a risk factor for hypertension, glucose dysregulation, and cardiovascular disease. Understanding the pathophysiologic links and the common-soil hypothesis for these rapidly growing disorders is of paramount importance for developing strategic therapeutic and preventive plans. This article discusses the associations of obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, and cardiovascular disease, highlighting the pathophysiologic mechanisms, including increased oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and inflammation

    From feast to famine; adaptation to nutrient availability in yeast

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