Precision-recall-classification evaluation framework: Application to depth estimation on single images

Many computer vision applications involve algorithms that can be decomposed in two main steps. In a first step, events or objects are detected and, in a second step, detections are assigned to classes. Examples of suchPeer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Containment and Connectivity in Dutch Urban Systems: A Network‐Analytical Operationalisation of the Three‐Systems Model

This paper discusses key methodological issues with nodalising interaction data of urban networks to produce a state-of-the-art settlement geography of the Netherlands. We operationalise the threesystems model that analyses functional settlement geographies through the interaction between the daily urban system, the central place system and the export base system. We utilise theoreticallyinformed selections of spatial interactions derived from travel survey data at the finely-grained postcode level. After examining the methodological challenge of the node-inclusivity dilemma, we estimate the causal mechanisms that geographically structure each system and determine which spatial interactions should be assigned to nodes (containment) and edges (connectivity). The three systems produce different regionalisations that are neither mutually exclusive nor perfectly nested. Further analysis of the multiplexity of the three systems reveals the importance of the imbricated boundaries between the urban subsystems. We argue that these interplaces deserve more attention as they are particularly sensitive to changes in urbanisation trends