Modelling and simulation Of electrochemical processes

Conventional reaction engineering technique may be applied to electrolytic process with emphasis on residence time distribution (RTD) metho

Modelling and simulation of electrochemical processes

Conventional reaction engineering technique may be applied to electrolytic process with emphasis on residence time distribution (RTD) metho

Modeling in Electrochemical Engineering – A critical review

In its 60 years life what has electrochemical engineering (ECE) contributed to society? Firstly, we have invented and developed processes to create new materials, more gently and more efficiently, so as to make life easier for all. Secondly, ECE has changed our accepted concepts and our ways of thinking in science and technology. Here modeling stands out as the primary development. Let us consider this

Packed bed reactor for oxidation of glucose

In order to improve the performance of three dimensional electrodes for synthesis of electroorganic compound, investigations have been carried out in a packed bed reactor of flow-by configuration with batch recirculation system. This paper also deals with some aspects of modelling for such an investigation

Role of short range interactions in the charge of maximum adsorption

Adsorption of solvent or organic compounds at a metal/interface is characterized by a wide spectrum of interactions governing the phenomenon under effective fields of order ≈ 107 V/cm. A generalized spin-1 Ising Hamiltonian was formulated by considering various interactions under molecular field approximation (MFA) to arrive at a three-state model of adsorption isotherm (i.e. the joint adsorption of two different organic compounds in the presence of solvent molecules). A general multi-state model was deduced heuristically and an expression for the charge (σM max) at which maximum adsorption (θmax) occurs derived explicitly for a three-state site parity model that incorporates short-range interaction energies, functional dependence of permanent and induced dipole moments of the organic adsorbate, and the solvent and substrate interactions

Linear sweep voltammetric simulation of monolayer formation-I absorption, nucleation-growth-overlap and combined models with uniform surface sites

A generalised overview of the linear sweep voltammetric (LSV) simulation of adsorption model (AM) and nucleation-growth-overlap model [NGOM) is presented, along with the numerical simulation of LSV response for the combined model. The numerical simulation indicates that separate voltammetric peaks may not be obtained if the surface sites are uniform and no heterogeneity effects are introduced by the surface coverage. However, some specific features of th surface coverage may be used to distinguish this model from AM to NGOM. These aspects are discussed in detai

Electrochemical reduction of Cr6+ to Cr3+ using packed bed electrolysers

Hexavalenl chorrnium in the effluent from plating/metal fin~shing industries llas been known to be the major toxic pollutant, which necessitates removal-ot the same as a measure of environmental pollul~on control. Treatment of such effluent has been mainly or~entedto wards reduct~ono f cr6' lo cr3+f ollowed by removal of the same by prec~pitat~oTnh.e present paper deals w ~ t hth e investtgatrons carried out in a packed bed reactor of flow-by confi ?u ration on electrochemical reduct~ono f ~ r "lo ~ r "st arting w~tha n in~tiacl oncentration of 200 ppm Cr + and at pH 1.5 and f l o ~ra tes rangrng lrom 6 lo 15 IVhr. It has been observed that 100% conversion could be achieved by electrolysis

Direct Oxidation of Dimethylsulphoxide and Reduction of Maleic Acid in Methanesulphonic Acid Medium

The direct electro oxidation of dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) to dimethylsulphone (DMSO2) at a Pb/PbO2 anode and electro reduction of maleic acid (MA) to succinic acid (SA) at stainless steel cathode have been has been carried out in methane sulphonic acid (MSA) medium in a batch divided cell. It is to be noted that, as methane sulphonic acid medium (MAS) is biodegradable, it is a preferred medium for the electrochemical reactions. The process parameters such as concentration of MSA, DMSO and current density have been critically examined and the comparative performances of Pb/PbO2 with TSIA electrode as well as the reusing of electrolyte under optimum conditions have been investigated. The reaction parameters such as acid concentration, current density, the use of divided and undivided cells, etc. have been studied on electrochemical reduction of MA to SA. In the case of direct electro oxidation of dimethylsulphoxide to dimethylsulphone, the current efficiency on TSIA anode has been around 60- 65% while that with Pb/PbO2 has been more than 90%. The electro reduction of MA to SA has given current efficiency around 65 – 70%. Based on the result obtained on trials, the optimum parameters of the reaction found to be 1.0 M acid concentration and 5.0 A dm−2 current density. Divided cell has given good results when compared to undivided cell

Investigations on electrochemical reduction of hexavalent chromium in industrial effluents

Chromium is a potential pollutant in industrial waste waters discharged in both hexavalent as well as trivalent forms. To safeguard the environmental conditions against such toxic pollutants has become a statutory obligation for the industries. With a view to develop an electrochemical method, experiments were carried out using potassium dichromate plus H2S04 as electrolyle keeping the initial concentration of cr6+ at 200 ppm. The reduction was carrid out in a divided cell with sintered WC as diaphragm using graphite electrodes. The current density was varied from 0.8 to 10Aldm2 and the concentration of unreduced cr6+ was determined spectrophotometrically using diphenyl carbazide method as per ISS 2488 (Parl 11) 1968. It was obsewed that the reduction of cr6+to cr3+o ccurs with 40-50%current efficiency at an optimum current density of 5-10Aldm2. The concentration of hexavalent chromium could be brought down by electrolys~sfr om an initial value of 200 to zero pp