Learning algorithms for multi-class pattern classification and problems associated with on-line handwritten character recognition

On-line handwritten alphanumeric character recognition system and learning algorithm for multiclass pattern classificatio

An Integrated Framework for Effective Tacit Knowledge Transfer

Effective tacit knowledge transfer is very critical for organizations. However, despite concerted efforts, many organizationsare finding it increasingly difficult to manage tacit knowledge transfer. This paper examines the characteristics of tacitknowledge and develops an integrated framework grounded in knowledge creation theory, social cognitive theory and mediarichness theory for transferring tacit knowledge effectively. The appropriateness and relevance of various knowledge transfermechanisms and the communication media types for different degrees of tacitness is discussed. This framework can guideorganizations in developing well suited knowledge transfer mechanisms to attain optimal tacit knowledge transfer

A novel method for high-throughput detection and quantification of neutrophil extracellular traps reveals ROS-independent NET release with immune complexes

AbstractA newly-described first-line immune defence mechanism of neutrophils is the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Immune complexes (ICxs) induce low level NET release. As such, the in vitro quantification of NETs is challenging with current methodologies. In order to investigate the role of NET release in ICx-mediated autoimmune diseases, we developed a highly sensitive and automated method for quantification of NETs. After labelling human neutrophils with PKH26 and extracellular DNA with Sytox green, cells are fixed and automatically imaged with 3-dimensional confocal laser scanning microscopy (3D-CLSM). NET release is then quantified with digital image analysis whereby the NET amount (Sytox green area) is corrected for the number of imaged neutrophils (PKH26 area). A high sensitivity of the assay is achieved by a) significantly augmenting the area of the well imaged (11%) as compared to conventional assays (0.5%) and b) using a 3D imaging technique for optimal capture of NETs, which are topologically superimposed on neutrophils. In this assay, we confirmed low levels of NET release upon human ICx stimulation which were positive for citrullinated histones and neutrophil elastase. In contrast to PMA-induced NET release, ICx-induced NET release was unchanged when co-incubated with diphenyleneiodonium (DPI). We were able to quantify NET release upon stimulation with serum from RA and SLE patients, which was not observed with normal human serum. To our knowledge, this is the first semi-automated assay capable of sensitive detection and quantification of NET release at a low threshold by using 3D CLSM. The assay is applicable in a high-throughput manner and allows the in vitro analysis of NET release in ICx-mediated autoimmune diseases

The Perceived Advantage of Agile Development Methodologies By Software Professionals: Testing an Innovation-Theoretic Model

Proponents of agile processes claim that agile practices result in higher quality software while allowing the flexibility to respond to evolving user requirements. Yet, to the best of our knowledge, no empirical study has really confirmed that benefits accrue to those who use agile processes. Grounded in the agility and diffusion of innovations literature, this research introduces a measure of process agility within the software development domain and relates it to constructs previously employed in the innovation literature. For agile methods, our study has provided empirical support for the proposal that agile development methods lead to developers’ beliefs that they are less complex, more compatible and provide increased benefits. Since developers believe that agility leads to increased benefits, they will be more likely to accept agile methods. For practitioners, this study provides valuable insights into the underlying factors that influence a developer’s beliefs about agile methods

Investigating the Role of Information Technology in Building Buyer-Supplier Relationships

A widely held position observed through the lens of transaction cost theory (TCT) has been the role of information technology in decreasing transaction costs between buyers and suppliers and in creating more market based governance structures. However, observations have not supported this contention. In particular, buyer-supplier dyads often engage in cooperative behavior that could offset opportunistic tendencies espoused by TCT. The role of IT in this structure is unclear. This paper examines the relationship between perceived transaction costs and the concept of relationalism within buyer-supplier dyads. The role of IT in mediating this relationship is also examined. Survey data from 203 buyers in the OEM electronics industry is used to test proposed hypotheses. All major constructs, transaction costs, relationalism, and IT use are operationalized using validated multidimensional scales. The results suggest a positive role of IT in partially offsetting the negative relationship between transaction costs and relationalism. The results suggest that the decision to use IT within the dyad can encourage a commitment to establishing relational behavior

Technology Architecture: Examining a Data Driven Model

The 1990s has been marked by the widespread transfer of new information technologies that can alter the fundamental nature of computing. Effective storage and multitasking processing technologies have combined with developments in telecommunications to create new opportunities for resource sharing and communication among computers. The importance of this revolution has been recognized by senior information systems executives, whom have identified the planning and development of corporate information technology structure (architecture) as the most critical issue of the decade (Niederman , Brancheau & Wetherbe, 91). This study, through the responses of 313 North American senior IS executives, will explore the nature of IT (information technology) structure and its relationship to organizational structure