The Influence of Canalization on the Robustness of Boolean Networks

Time- and state-discrete dynamical systems are frequently used to model molecular networks. This paper provides a collection of mathematical and computational tools for the study of robustness in Boolean network models. The focus is on networks governed by $k$-canalizing functions, a recently introduced class of Boolean functions that contains the well-studied class of nested canalizing functions. The activities and sensitivity of a function quantify the impact of input changes on the function output. This paper generalizes the latter concept to $c$-sensitivity and provides formulas for the activities and $c$-sensitivity of general $k$-canalizing functions as well as canalizing functions with more precisely defined structure. A popular measure for the robustness of a network, the Derrida value, can be expressed as a weighted sum of the $c$-sensitivities of the governing canalizing functions, and can also be calculated for a stochastic extension of Boolean networks. These findings provide a computationally efficient way to obtain Derrida values of Boolean networks, deterministic or stochastic, that does not involve simulation.Comment: 16 pages, 2 figures, 3 table

Water Cherenkov Detectors response to a Gamma Ray Burst in the Large Aperture GRB Observatory

In order to characterise the behaviour of Water Cherenkov Detectors (WCD) under a sudden increase of 1 GeV - 1 TeV background photons from a Gamma Ray Burst (GRB), simulations were conducted and compared to data acquired by the WCD of the Large Aperture GRB Observatory (LAGO). The LAGO operates arrays of WCD at high altitude to detect GRBs using the single particle technique. The LAGO sensitivity to GRBs is derived from the reported simulations of the gamma initiated particle showers in the atmosphere and the WCD response to secondaries.Comment: 5 pages, proceeding of the 31st ICRC 200

The Large Aperture GRB Observatory

The Large Aperture GRB Observatory (LAGO) is aiming at the detection of the high energy (around 100 GeV) component of Gamma Ray Bursts, using the single particle technique in arrays of Water Cherenkov Detectors (WCD) in high mountain sites (Chacaltaya, Bolivia, 5300 m a.s.l., Pico Espejo, Venezuela, 4750 m a.s.l., Sierra Negra, Mexico, 4650 m a.s.l). WCD at high altitude offer a unique possibility of detecting low gamma fluxes in the 10 GeV - 1 TeV range. The status of the Observatory and data collected from 2007 to date will be presented.Comment: 4 pages, proceeding of 31st ICRC 200

Innovaci?n del modelo de negocio para mejorar la experiencia de compra de los clientes de un supermercado

En el escenario retail actual de Per? donde el consumidor no guarda lealtad a las marcas retail y busca potenciar su dinero con precios bajos, es necesario para las tiendas retail conocer mejor al cliente e innovar con apoyo de tecnolog?a disponible actual. Para tal fin, ?sta tesis revisa el marco te?rico, explora el marco contextual, realiza benchmarking con tiendas retail en el mundo para entender la situaci?n actual de la experiencia del cliente. Posteriormente se lleva a cabo entrevista a expertos y p?blico general para formular conclusiones y recomendaciones que apoyen la situaci?n propuesta de la tesis. En tal sentido, la soluci?n planteada busca mejorar la experiencia de compra del cliente en tiendas Tottus usando herramientas tecnol?gicas tales como Geolocalizaci?n para conocer la ubicaci?n exacta de productos en tienda, Big Data para personalizar la compra, IOT para gestionar la informaci?n, c?digo de barras para el seguimiento de los productos, QR para el control de pagos, aplicaci?n m?vil como plataforma TI, beacons para el env?o de promociones personalizadas, para convertir la tienda Tottus en Smart Retail

Modeling Stochasticity and Variability in Gene Regulatory Networks

Modeling stochasticity in gene regulatory networks is an important and complex problem in molecular systems biology. To elucidate intrinsic noise, several modeling strategies such as the Gillespie algorithm have been used successfully. This paper contributes an approach as an alternative to these classical settings. Within the discrete paradigm, where genes, proteins, and other molecular components of gene regulatory networks are modeled as discrete variables and are assigned as logical rules describing their regulation through interactions with other components. Stochasticity is modeled at the biological function level under the assumption that even if the expression levels of the input nodes of an update rule guarantee activation or degradation there is a probability that the process will not occur due to stochastic effects. This approach allows a finer analysis of discrete models and provides a natural setup for cell population simulations to study cell-to-cell variability. We applied our methods to two of the most studied regulatory networks, the outcome of lambda phage infection of bacteria and the p53-mdm2 complex.Comment: 23 pages, 8 figure

A wireless, modular and wearable system for the recognition and assessment of foot drop pathology

In this paper, a portable, low cost and non-invasive real-time signals processing prototype was designed and developed for the diagnosis and continuous monitoring of the physiopathological condition of foot drop. The behavior of the electrical activity of the Tibialis Anterior (TA) and Peroneus Longus (PL) muscles through bipolar surface electromyography (sEMG), together with the angular measurement of the joint complex of the ankle-foot in the sagittal and frontal planes using an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensor system, are monitored from a mobile interface. This prototype consists of five modules capable of performing functions of sensing, signal processing, data storage, and transmission. The Central Processing Unit (CPU) process the sEMG signals from the two-channel amplifier with 10 bits of resolution at a sampling frequency of 1ksps; the IMU Sensor System operates at a sample rate of 1ksps with 16 bits of resolution. Both sEMG and angular displacement data registers are transmitted wirelessly via Bluetooth communication protocol to a mobile interface designed for smartphones/tablets and PC. Data verification was made using a commercial electromyograph and a goniometer. The observations regarding the health status of the patient on a statistical, mathematical analysis of the collected data, exhibiting a mean-square-error of 5,27% for the sEMG as well as an average error of ≤±2∘ in the angular displacement measurements. The prototype designed and developed establishes a new perspective in the recognition and elaboration of profiles of physiopathological disabilities in humans, development of clinical applications, and databases for future studies of the disease