1,311 research outputs found
The importance of circulating tumor products as „liquid biopsies” in colorectal cancer
Liquid biopsies represent an array of plasma analysis tests that are studied to evaluate and identify circulating tumor products, especially circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). Examining such biomarkers in the plasma of colorectal cancer patients has attracted attention due to its clinical significance in the treatment of malignant diseases. Given that tissue samples are sometimes challenging to procure or unsatisfactory for genomic profiling from patients with colorectal cancer, trustworthy biomarkers are mandatory for guiding treatment, monitoring therapeutic response, and detecting recurrence.
This review considers the relevance of flowing tumor products like circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating messenger RNA (mRNA), circulating micro RNA (miRNA), circulating exosomes, and tumor educated platelets (TEPs) for patients with colorectal cancer
An extended hybrid magnetohydrodynamics gyrokinetic model for numerical simulation of shear Alfv\'en waves in burning plasmas
Adopting the theoretical framework for the generalized fishbonelike
dispersion relation, an extended hybrid magnetohydrodynamics gyrokinetic
simulation model has been derived analytically by taking into account both
thermal ion compressibility and diamagnetic effects in addition to energetic
particle kinetic behaviors. The extended model has been used for implementing
an eXtended version of Hybrid Magnetohydrodynamics Gyrokinetic Code (XHMGC) to
study thermal ion kinetic effects on Alfv\'enic modes driven by energetic
particles, such as kinetic beta induced Alfv\'en eigenmodes in tokamak fusion
plasmas
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: presentation and management
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is characterized by the presence of lipid-laden foamy macrophages with both acute and chronic phase inflammatory cells. The aim of the study is to present our experience about patients with Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. 29 patients were evaluated through a complete anamnesis and the preoperative management included routine blood and biochemical tests, urine culture and renal ultrasound, intravenous urography and computed tomography (CT). All patients underwent open nephrectomy followed by the pathological exam. The main symptoms of these patients were fever and flank pain. Preoperative laboratory tests revealed anemia, leukocytosis and increasing levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine. Kidney failure was noticed in almost half of the cases. This study succeeded to evaluate the demographic, clinical, biological, surgical and histological characteristics. A pathological diagnosis is mandatory mainly for the evaluation of its coexistence with renal carcinoma
The asymptotic quasi-stationary states of the two-dimensional magnetically confined plasma and of the planetary atmosphere
We derive the differential equation governing the asymptotic quasi-stationary
states of the two dimensional plasma immersed in a strong confining magnetic
field and of the planetary atmosphere. These two systems are related by the
property that there is an intrinsic constant length: the Larmor radius and
respectively the Rossby radius and a condensate of the vorticity field in the
unperturbed state related to the cyclotronic gyration and respectively to the
Coriolis frequency. Although the closest physical model is the
Charney-Hasegawa-Mima (CHM) equation, our model is more general and is related
to the system consisting of a discrete set of point-like vortices interacting
in plane by a short range potential. A field-theoretical formalism is developed
for describing the continuous version of this system. The action functional can
be written in the Bogomolnyi form (emphasizing the role of Self-Duality of the
asymptotic states) but the minimum energy is no more topological and the
asymptotic structures appear to be non-stationary, which is a major difference
with respect to traditional topological vortex solutions. Versions of this
field theory are discussed and we find arguments in favor of a particular form
of the equation. We comment upon the significant difference between the CHM
fluid/plasma and the Euler fluid and respectively the Abelian-Higgs vortex
models.Comment: Latex 126 pages, 7 eps figures included. Discussion on various forms
of the equatio
Nonlinear dynamics of beta induced Alfv\'en eigenmode driven by energetic particles
Nonlinear saturation of beta induced Alfv\'en eigenmode, driven by slowing
down energetic particles via transit resonance, is investigated by the
nonlinear hybrid magnetohyrodynamic gyro-kinetic code (XHMGC). Saturation is
characterized by frequency chirping and symmetry breaking between co- and
counter-passing particles, which can be understood as the the evidence of
resonance-detuning. The scaling of the saturation amplitude with the growth
rate is also demonstrated to be consistent with radial resonance detuning due
to the radial non-uniformity and mode structure
The importance of circulating tumor products as „liquid biopsies” in colorectal cancer
Liquid biopsies represent an array of plasma analysis tests that are studied to evaluate and identify circulating tumor products, especially circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). Examining such biomarkers in the plasma of colorectal cancer patients has attracted attention due to its clinical significance in the treatment of malignant diseases. Given that tissue samples are sometimes challenging to procure or unsatisfactory for genomic profiling from patients with colorectal cancer, trustworthy biomarkers are mandatory for guiding treatment, monitoring therapeutic response, and detecting recurrence.
This review considers the relevance of flowing tumor products like circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating messenger RNA (mRNA), circulating micro RNA (miRNA), circulating exosomes, and tumor educated platelets (TEPs) for patients with colorectal cancer
Rare Events Statistics in Reaction--Diffusion Systems
We develop an efficient method to calculate probabilities of large deviations
from the typical behavior (rare events) in reaction--diffusion systems. The
method is based on a semiclassical treatment of underlying "quantum"
Hamiltonian, encoding the system's evolution. To this end we formulate
corresponding canonical dynamical system and investigate its phase portrait.
The method is presented for a number of pedagogical examples.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure
Tuning the surface conditioning of trapezoidally shaped silicon nanowires by (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane
Equilibrium and nonequilibrium fluctuations at the interface between two fluid phases
We have performed small-angle light-scattering measurements of the static
structure factor of a critical binary mixture undergoing diffusive partial
remixing. An uncommon scattering geometry integrates the structure factor over
the sample thickness, allowing different regions of the concentration profile
to be probed simultaneously. Our experiment shows the existence of interface
capillary waves throughout the macroscopic evolution to an equilibrium
interface, and allows to derive the time evolution of surface tension.
Interfacial properties are shown to attain their equilibrium values quickly
compared to the system's macroscopic equilibration time.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, submitted to PR
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