Reconocimiento y evaluación para riegos de los suelos de la comarca de Andujar (Jaén) (Escala 1:50.000)

67 páginas.-- 14 perfiles de suelos.-- Memoria presenta en el V Curso Internacional de Edafología y Biología VegetalEste estudio resume las características morfológicas y analíticas de los suelos que constituyen el área del proyecto, principalmente para evaluar su actitud parar riegos. Se ha indicado también el método de trabajo seguido para llegar a dicha evaluación. Anteriormente se ha expresado que el proyecto tiene una aptitud mediana para regadío. Debe hacerse notar que dicha aptitud obedece sólo a las posibilidades del suelo natural o en estado actual para su utilización directa, sin considerar los efectos de mejora que puedan introducirse por medio de trabajos, cuyo fin es el de disminuir o eliminar alguno de los factores limitantes. Algunos de ellos, como la textura por ejemplo, no puede ser modificados en absoluto o son de difícil corrección. Otros como el drenaje, con la realización de ciertas obras, se vería reducidos al mínimo. Dejando aparte el factor climático, para el adecuado manejo y transformación de los suelos que integras el proyecto, sería de gran utilidad el mapa de suelos, de posiciones fisiográficas y clases para riegos que acompañar al estudio.Patrocinado por la UNESCO, OEA, Instituto de Cultura Hispánica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas y Universidad de Sevilla y GranadaPeer reviewe

Intrinsic water transport in moisture-capturing hydrogels

Moisture-capturing hydrogels have emerged as attractive sorbent materials capable of converting ambient humidity into liquid water. Recent works have demonstrated exceptional water capture capabilities of hydrogels, while simultaneously, exploring different strategies to accelerate water capture and release. However, on the material level, an understanding of the intrinsic transport properties of moisture-capturing hydrogels is currently missing, which hinders their rational design. In this work, we combine absorption and desorption experiments of macroscopic hydrogel samples in pure-vapor with models of water diffusion in the hydrogels to demonstrate the first measurements of the intrinsic water diffusion coefficient in hydrogel-salt composites. Based on these insights, we pattern hydrogels with micropores to significantly decrease the required absorption and desorption time by 19% and 72%, respectively, while reducing the total water capacity of the hydrogel by only 4%. Thereby, we provide an effective strategy towards hydrogel material optimization, with a particular significance in pure-vapor environments

A simple noninvasive pressure–time index at the mouth to measure respiratory load during acute exacerbation of COPD A comparison with normal volunteers

AbstractWe assessed the validity of the pressure–time index (PTI) measured at the mouth as a noninvasive and simplified alternative to conventional tension–time index for assessing respiratory load and inspiratory muscle force reserve. PTI was measured within 48 h of hospital admission and at 24 h before discharge in 37 consecutive patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) using the equation PTI = (Pawo/MIP)(TI/TT)100, where Pawo is the mean airway pressure measured at the mouth, MIP the maximal inspiratory pressure, andTI /TT the inspiratory time (TI) to total cycle length (TT) ratio. Controls were 30 normal volunteers with similar anthropometric features. Mean (± SD) PTI values were significantly higher in COPD patients (0.29 ± 0.10) than in controls (0.11 ± 0.04) (P<0.001) primarily because MIP and TI/TT were significantly lower and Pawo was higher in the COPD population than in controls. As a result of improvement of the respiratory condition, PTI values were significantly lower at discharge (0.20±0.10 vs. 0.29±0.10, P<0.001) due to a drop in Pawo and an increase in MIP. The accuracy of different PTI cutpoints was assessed by comparison of the receiver operating characteristics curves. Best cutpoint values for differentiating COPD patients on admission and at hospital discharge from controls were 0.13 (positive predictive value 76%) and 0.17 (positive predictive value 92%), respectively. Noninvasive PTI measured at the mouth provides a valid and easy method for assessing respiratory muscle load and reserve. Changes in PTI values reflect functional improvement following treatment of acute exacerbation of COPD

Expansion of the core business of traditional media companies in Spain through SVOD services

The strategic importance of the internet for television became evident in the early 2000s, even destabilizing its very concept and finally resulting in convergence towards a profound transformation of the sector. The introduction of global over-the-top (OTT) media services into local markets has led to strategic changes in multimedia groups. This study considers the subscription video-on-demand (SVOD) services of Atresmedia and Mediaset España, the two main traditional media organizations in Spain that form a duopoly in the country’s commercial television sector, with the aim of understanding and evaluating their positioning strategy in this market and the results obtained through the diversification of their core business. Based on an analysis of their content, price, and promotion policies and the results in terms of subscriptions and revenues, slight differences emerge regarding the strategy and scope of these two groups in their own environment in the sector. They compete for customers to achieve growth in the audiovisual market while seeking to retain a cross-media, multiplatform audience, as well as expand their core business of commercial linear television against a background of a reduction of advertising spend on television and the expected increase of hybrid financing models

Survey on the management of Pompe disease in routine clinical practice in Spain

Antibodies; Diagnosis; Pompe diseaseAnticuerpos; Diagnóstico; Enfermedad de pompeAnticossos; Diagnòstic; Malaltia de pompeBackground Despite the availability of several clinical guidelines, not all health professionals use their recommendations to manage patients with Pompe disease, a rare genetic disorder involving high-impact therapy. Through several discussion meetings and a survey, the present study aimed to learn about the management of Pompe disease in routine clinical practice in Spain, to improve clinical care in a real-life situation. Results The survey was sent to 42 healthcare professionals who manage patients with Pompe disease in their clinical practice. Although most respondents followed the clinical guidelines, clinical practice differed from the expert recommendations in many cases. Approximately 7% did not request a genetic study to confirm the diagnosis before starting treatment, and 21% considered that only two dried blood spot determinations suffice to establish the diagnosis. About 76% requested anti-GAA antibodies when there is a suspicion of lack of treatment efficacy, though a significant percentage of respondents have never requested such antibodies. According to 31% of the respondents, significant impairment of motor function and/or respiratory insufficiency is a requirement for authorizing medication at their hospital. Up to 26% waited for improvements over the clinical follow-up to maintain treatment and withdrew it in the absence of improvement since they did not consider disease stabilization to be a satisfactory outcome. Conclusions The results highlight the lack of experience and/or knowledge of some professionals caring for patients with Pompe disease. It is necessary to develop and disseminate simple guidelines that help to apply the expert recommendations better or centralize patient follow-up in highly specialized centers.Sanofi has sponsored this project without participating in the article’s design, data analysis, or writing

Extracting Hα\alpha flux from photometric data in the J-PLUS survey

We present the main steps that will be taken to extract H$\alpha$ emission flux from Javalambre Photometric Local Universe Survey (J-PLUS) photometric data. For galaxies with $z\lesssim0.015$, the H$\alpha$+[NII] emission is covered by the J-PLUS narrow-band filter $F660$. We explore three different methods to extract the H$\alpha$ + [NII] flux from J-PLUS photometric data: a combination of a broad-band and a narrow-band filter ($r'$ and $F660$), two broad-band and a narrow-band one ($r'$, $i'$ and $F660$), and a SED-fitting based method using 8 photometric points. To test these methodologies, we simulated J-PLUS data from a sample of 7511 SDSS spectra with measured H$\alpha$ flux. Based on the same sample, we derive two empirical relations to correct the derived H$\alpha$+[NII] flux from dust extinction and [NII] contamination. We find that the only unbiased method is the SED fitting based one. The combination of two filters underestimates the measurements of the H$\alpha$ + [NII] flux by a 28%, while the three filters method by a 9%. We study the error budget of the SED-fitting based method and find that, in addition to the photometric error, our measurements have a systematic uncertainty of a 4.3%. Several sources contribute to this uncertainty: differences between our measurement procedure and the one used to derive the spectroscopic values, the use of simple stellar populations as templates, and the intrinsic errors of the spectra, which were not taken into account. Apart from that, the empirical corrections for dust extinction and [NII] contamination add an extra uncertainty of 14%. Given the J-PLUS photometric system, the best methodology to extract H$\alpha$ + [NII] flux is the SED-fitting based one. Using this method, we are able to recover reliable H$\alpha$ fluxes for thousands of nearby galaxies in a robust and homogeneous way.Comment: 11 pages, 14 figures. Minor changes to match the published versio

An automatic weighting system for wild animals based in an artificial neural network: how to weigh wild animals without causing stress

This paper proposes a novel and autonomous weighing system for wild animals. It allows evaluating changes in the body weight of animals in their natural environment without causing stress. The proposed system comprises a smart scale designed to estimate individual body weights and their temporal evolution in a bird colony. The system is based on computational intelligence, and offers valuable large amount of data to evaluate the relationship between long-term changes in the behavior of individuals and global change. The real deployment of this system has been for monitoring a breeding colony of lesser kestrels (Falco naumanni) in southern Spain. The results show that it is possible to monitor individual weight changes during the breeding season and to compare the weight evolution in males and females

Effective theories of connections and curvature: abelian case

We introduce a notion of measuring scales for quantum abelian gauge systems. At each measuring scale a finite dimensional affine space stores information about the evaluation of the curvature on a discrete family of surfaces. Affine maps from the spaces assigned to finer scales to those assigned to coarser scales play the role of coarse graining maps. This structure induces a continuum limit space which contains information regarding curvature evaluation on all piecewise linear surfaces with boundary. The evaluation of holonomies along loops is also encoded in the spaces introduced here; thus, our framework is closely related to loop quantization and it allows us to discuss effective theories in a sensible way. We develop basic elements of measure theory on the introduced spaces which are essential for the applicability of the framework to the construction of quantum abelian gauge theories.Comment: 39 page

Muros de escollera en urbanizaciones

The uneven and slopes terrain force us to intervene with rigid or flexible containment structures. Containment structures tend to be mostly of reinforced concrete or steel sheet piling. For some time, the use of stone jetties as containment structures and permanent stabilization in housing estates is being imposed. This type of structure has been used successfully in slopes of roads and jetties on port. When moving it to suburbia has disparaged some aspects, both design and calculation, not taking into account actions in risk areas, or eliminating essential components as filters and drain components. This document analyzes the work of intervention in two works affected in Motril (Granada, Spain) and Almeria (Spain), where the breakwaters were utilized, reaching recidivism in one of them. Guide for the design and construction of breakwaters in roadworks from the Ministry of Public Works in 1998, revised in 2006, [3] is a valuable document but requires a Decalogue of specific instructions for use in works of urbanization, in general of lower volume, and with the largest number of meetings of surfaces. Three-dimensionality is usually an important factor to take into account.Los desniveles y pendientes del terreno nos obligan a intervenir mediante estructuras de contención, rígidas o flexibles. Las estructuras de contención suelen ser en su mayor parte de hormigón armado o tablestacas metálicas. Desde hace algún tiempo se está imponiendo la utilización de escolleras de piedra como estructuras de contención y estabilización permanentes en urbanizaciones. Este tipo de estructuras ya habían sido usadas con éxito en taludes de carreteras y espigones de puerto. Al trasladarse a las urbanizaciones se ha menospreciado algunos aspectos, tanto de diseño y cálculo, no teniendo en cuenta las acciones sísmicas en zonas de riesgo como Motril, o eliminando componentes esenciales como filtros y drenajes. El presente documento analiza los trabajos de intervención realizados en dos obras siniestradas en Motril y Almería (España), donde se utilizaron las escolleras, uno de ellos incluso reincidente. La Guía para el diseño y construcción de escolleras en obras de carreteras del Ministerio de Fomento de 1998, revisada en 2006, es un valioso documento pero precisa de un decálogo de instrucciones precisas para su uso en obras de urbanización, en general de menor volumen, y con mayor número de encuentros de superficies. La tridimensionalidad suele ser un factor importante a tener en cuenta

Effects of A Concentrate Rich in Agro-Industrial By-Products on Productivity Results, Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality Traits of Finishing Heifers

Finishing diets in intensive beef production systems are mainly based on cereals, which does not take advantage of the capacity of the ruminant digestive system to digest fibrous feeds, cannot be considered sustainable and does not contribute to the circular bioeconomy. Our aim was to investigate the effects of an alternative concentrate rich in agro-industrial by-products for finishing crossbred Limousine heifers. Four pens with 12 heifers and four pens with 13 heifers were randomly allocated to one of two treatments: control (CON), a commercial concentrate with a 43.3% cereal composition, and alternative (ALT), a concentrate with a composition of 26% cereals and up to 73.5% agro-industrial by-products. Growth performance data were collected along the 91 days of the experimental period. Carcass characteristics were collected after slaughter and 24 h later. Vacuum-packaged samples from longissimus muscle were aged for 7, 21 or 28 days to study meat quality traits. Feed intake was higher and feed conversion rate was lower in the ALT treatment, but no differences were found in average daily gain and feeding costs. Treatment had no effects on any of the measured carcass traits (grading, hot and cold carcass weight, dressing out, chilling losses, subcutaneous fat depth, pH, temperature and lean and fat colour) nor on the meat quality traits (drip loss, cooking loss, shear force, oxidative stability, chromatic indices and pigment contents). Ageing time decreased drip loss and shear force, increased lightness and did not affect redness or surface colour stability. In conclusion, feeding crossbred Limousine heifers a finishing diet rich in agro-industrial by-products did not have any negative effects on performance, carcass and meat quality traits, which might be considered positive from the point of view of sustainability of beef production. Under the conditions assayed, ageing for 21 and 28 days improved tenderness of meat, without detrimental effects on oxidative stability or traits related to visual acceptability