Middle-Atmosphere Dynamics Observed With a Portable Muon Detector

In the past years, large particle physics experiments have shown that muon rate variations detected in underground laboratories are sensitive to regional, middle-atmosphere temperature variations. Potential applications include tracking short-term atmosphere dynamics, such as Sudden Stratospheric Warmings. We report here that such sensitivity is not only limited to large surface detectors under high-opacity conditions. We use a portable muon detector conceived for muon tomography for geophysical applications, and we study muon rate variations observed over 1 year of measurements at the Mont Terri Underground Rock Laboratory, Switzerland (opacity of ~700 meter water equivalent). We observe a direct correlation between middle-atmosphere seasonal temperature variations and muon rate. Muon rate variations are also sensitive to the abnormal atmosphere heating in January–February 2017, associated to a Sudden Stratospheric Warming. Estimates of the effective temperature coefficient for our particular case agree with theoretical models and with those calculated from large neutrino experiments under comparable conditions. Thus, portable muon detectors may be useful to (1) study seasonal and short-term middle-atmosphere dynamics, especially in locations where data are lacking such as midlatitudes, and (2) improve the calibration of the effective temperature coefficient for different opacity conditions. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of assessing the impact of temperature on muon rate variations when considering geophysical applications. Depending on latitude and opacity conditions, this effect may be large enough to hide subsurface density variations due to changes in groundwater content and should therefore be removed from the time series.Fil: Tramontini, Matías Leandro. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Departamento de Geofísica Aplicada; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad de Lyon 3; FranciaFil: Rosas Carbajal, Marina Andrea. Institut de Physique Du Globe de Paris; FranciaFil: Nussbaum, C.. Swiss Geological Survey At Swisstopo; SuizaFil: Gibert, D.. Universite de Rennes I; FranciaFil: Marteau, Jacques Emmanuel. Universidad de Lyon 3; Franci

Middle‐Atmosphere Dynamics Observed With a Portable Muon Detector

In the past years, large particle physics experiments have shown that muon rate variations detected in underground laboratories are sensitive to regional, middle‐atmosphere temperature variations. Potential applications include tracking short‐term atmosphere dynamics, such as Sudden Stratospheric Warmings. We report here that such sensitivity is not only limited to large surface detectors under highopacity conditions. We use a portable muon detector conceived for muon tomography for geophysical applications, and we study muon rate variations observed over 1 year of measurements at the Mont Terri Underground Rock Laboratory, Switzerland (opacity of ~700 meter water equivalent). We observe a direct correlation between middle‐atmosphere seasonal temperature variations and muon rate. Muon rate variations are also sensitive to the abnormal atmosphere heating in January–February 2017, associated to a Sudden Stratospheric Warming. Estimates of the effective temperature coefficient for our particular case agree with theoretical models and with those calculated from large neutrino experiments under comparable conditions. Thus, portable muon detectors may be useful to (1) study seasonal and short‐term middleatmosphere dynamics, especially in locations where data are lacking such as midlatitudes, and (2) improve the calibration of the effective temperature coefficient for different opacity conditions. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of assessing the impact of temperature on muon rate variations when considering geophysical applications. Depending on latitude and opacity conditions, this effect may be large enough to hide subsurface density variations due to changes in groundwater content and should therefore be removed from the time series.Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísica

Malformaciones del tracto gastrointestinal

Las malformaciones congénitas del tracto intestinal son relativamente frecuentes, incluyen lesiones de intestino delgado internas y externas, anomalías de colon, defectos de mal rotación, alteraciones anorrectales y duplicaciones intestinales. Constituyen, junto con la prematurez y las enfermedades de causa genética, la principal causa de mortalidad infantil en el primer año de vida y requieren resolución quirúrgica en las primeras horas o días de vida.Facultad de Ciencias Médica

Malformaciones del tracto intestinal

El objetivo general del presente trabajo consiste en demostrar la incidencia de estas malformaciones en fetos que no han llegado a término pertenecientes a la Cátedra de Anatomía “A” de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata.Facultad de Ciencias Médica

Malformaciones del tracto gastrointestinal

Las malformaciones congénitas del tracto intestinal son relativamente frecuentes, incluyen lesiones de intestino delgado internas y externas, anomalías de colon, defectos de mal rotación, alteraciones anorrectales y duplicaciones intestinales. Constituyen, junto con la prematurez y las enfermedades de causa genética, la principal causa de mortalidad infantil en el primer año de vida y requieren resolución quirúrgica en las primeras horas o días de vida.Facultad de Ciencias Médica

Malformaciones del tracto intestinal

El objetivo general del presente trabajo consiste en demostrar la incidencia de estas malformaciones en fetos que no han llegado a término pertenecientes a la Cátedra de Anatomía “A” de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata.Facultad de Ciencias Médica

Malformaciones del tracto intestinal

El objetivo general del presente trabajo consiste en demostrar la incidencia de estas malformaciones en fetos que no han llegado a término pertenecientes a la Cátedra de Anatomía “A” de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata.Facultad de Ciencias Médica

Malformaciones del tracto gastrointestinal

Las malformaciones congénitas del tracto intestinal son relativamente frecuentes, incluyen lesiones de intestino delgado internas y externas, anomalías de colon, defectos de mal rotación, alteraciones anorrectales y duplicaciones intestinales. Constituyen, junto con la prematurez y las enfermedades de causa genética, la principal causa de mortalidad infantil en el primer año de vida y requieren resolución quirúrgica en las primeras horas o días de vida.Facultad de Ciencias Médica

Susceptibility of Phoenix roebelenii to Xylella fastidiosa

Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Plant Health Panel analysed a dossier submitted by Costa Rica Authorities to reach a conclusion on the host status of Phoenix roebelenii for Xylella fastidiosa. The Panel wishes first to stress the difficulties faced in providing compelling evidence for the non-susceptibility status of any particular plant species. The Panel acknowledges that the listing of P. roebelenii as a host of X. fastidiosa rests on a single report from California. Because isolation of X. fastidiosa from some hosts can be difficult, the Panel considers that the failure to isolate X. fastidiosa from P. roebelenii cannot be used to totally discard the detection of X. fastidiosa by ELISA and PCR. The Panel concludes that the detection of X. fastidiosa by two independent techniques provides sufficient evidence, although not totally conclusive, for the listing of P. roebelenii as a X. fastidiosa host plant. Concerning the survey data provided in the Costa Rican dossier, the Panel wishes to stress that such surveys cannot demonstrate the non-host status but can only provide a probability bound, upper estimate of the proportion of infected plants in the field. In the present case, and assuming all survey parameters to be optimal, the 95% confidence incidence threshold obtained is 0.2%, leaving the possibility that close to 25,000 P. roebelenii plants could be infected but undetected in the country. Accepting a scenario of local, non-systemic infection of P. roebelenii by X. fastidiosa would further increase uncertainties. In addition, the absence of data on the vector infection pressure further affects the ability to derive meaningful information on the P. roebelenii host status from the survey data. Appropriately conducted mechanical and/or vector-mediated inoculation experiments are critical to reach a more solid conclusion on the X. fastidiosa host status of P. roebelenii