Response of hydrological cycle to tiny random sea surface temperature disturbances

Thirteenth Conference on Hydrology, American Meteorological Society, J45-J4

Evaluation of the Princeton Ocean Model Using South China Sea Monsoon Experiment (SCSMEX) Data

The Princeton Ocean Model (POM) has been implemented in the South China Sea for hindcast of circulation and thermohaline structure. A two-step technique is used to initialize POM with temperature, salinity, and velocity for 1 April 1998 and integrate it from 1 April 1998 with synoptic surface forcing for 3 months with and without data assimilation. Hydrographic and current data acquired from the South China Sea Monsoon Experiment (SCSMEX) from April through June 1998 are used to verify, and to assimilate into, POM. The mean SCSMEX data (Apr–Jun 1998) are about 0.58°C warmer than the mean climatological data above the 50-m depth, and slightly cooler than the mean climatological data below the 50-m depth, and are fresher than the climatological data at all depths and with the maximum bias (0.2–0.25 ppt) at 75-m depth. POM without data assimilation has the capability to predict the circulation pattern and the temperature field reasonably well, but has no capability to predict the salinity field. The model errors have Gaussian-type distri bution for temperature hindcast, and non-Gaussian distribution for salinity hindcast with six to eight times more frequencies of occurrence on the negative side than on the positive side. Data assimilation enhances the model capability for ocean hindcast, if even only conductivity–temperature–depth (CTD) data are assimilated. When the model is reinitialized using the assimilated data at the end of a month (30 Apr; 31 May 1998) and the model is run for a month without data assimilation (hindcast capability test), the model errors for both temperature and salinity hindcast are greatly reduced, and they have Gaussian-type distributions for both temperature and salinity hindcast. Hence, POM gains capability in salinity hindcast when CTD data are assimilated.Office of Naval ResearchNaval Oceanographic OfficeNaval Postgraduate Schoo

Uncertainty of the South China Sea prediction using NSCAT and NCEP winds during tropical storm Ernie 1996

Journal of Geophysical Research, American Geophysical Unio

Disturbance observer based control for nonlinear MAGLEV suspension system

This paper investigates the disturbance rejection problem of nonlinear MAGnetic LEViation (MAGLEV) suspension system with “mismatching” disturbances. Here “mismatching” refers to the disturbances that enter the system via different channel to the control input. The disturbance referring in this paper is mainly on load variation and unmodeled nonlinear dynamics. By linearizing the nonlinear MAGLEV suspension model, a linear state-space disturbance observer (DOB) is designed to estimate the lumped “mismatching” disturbances. A new disturbance compensation control method based on the estimate of DOB is proposed to solve the disturbance attenuation problem. The efficacy of the proposed approach for rejecting given disturbance is illustrated via simulations on realistic track input

Epstein–Barr Virus MicroRNAs Are Evolutionarily Conserved and Differentially Expressed

The pathogenic lymphocryptovirus Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is shown to express at least 17 distinct microRNAs (miRNAs) in latently infected cells. These are arranged in two clusters: 14 miRNAs are located in the introns of the viral BART gene while three are located adjacent to BHRF1. The BART miRNAs are expressed at high levels in latently infected epithelial cells and at lower, albeit detectable, levels in B cells. In contrast to the tissue-specific expression pattern of the BART miRNAs, the BHRF1 miRNAs are found at high levels in B cells undergoing stage III latency but are essentially undetectable in B cells or epithelial cells undergoing stage I or II latency. Induction of lytic EBV replication was found to enhance the expression of many, but not all, of these viral miRNAs. Rhesus lymphocryptovirus, which is separated from EBV by ≥13 million years of evolution, expresses at least 16 distinct miRNAs, seven of which are closely related to EBV miRNAs. Thus, lymphocryptovirus miRNAs are under positive selection and are likely to play important roles in the viral life cycle. Moreover, the differential regulation of EBV miRNA expression implies distinct roles during infection of different human tissues

Disturbance observer based control for nonlinear MAGLEV suspension system

This paper investigates the disturbance rejection problem of nonlinear MAGnetic LEViation (MAGLEV) suspension system with “mismatching” disturbances. Here “mismatching” refers to the disturbances that enter the system via different channel to the control input. The disturbance referring in this paper is mainly on load variation and unmodeled nonlinear dynamics. By linearizing the nonlinear MAGLEV suspension model, a linear state-space disturbance observer (DOB) is designed to estimate the lumped “mismatching” disturbances. A new disturbance compensation control method based on the estimate of DOB is proposed to solve the disturbance attenuation problem. The efficacy of the proposed approach for rejecting given disturbance is illustrated via simulations on realistic track input

Selective Association of Peroxiredoxin 1 with Genomic DNA and COX-2 Upstream Promoter Elements in Estrogen Receptor Negative Breast Cancer Cells

PRDX1 was identified as a protein preferentially crosslinked to DNA in estrogen receptor negative but not in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer cells. In estrogen receptor negative cells, PRDX1 is phosphorylated, binds to NF-κB, and is recruited to COX-2 upstream promoter elements

Adaptive antenna selection and Tx/Rx beamforming for large-scale MIMO systems in 60 GHz channels

We consider a large-scale MIMO system operating in the 60 GHz band employing beamforming for high-speed data transmission. We assume that the number of RF chains is smaller than the number of antennas, which motivates the use of antenna selection to exploit the beamforming gain afforded by the large-scale antenna array. However, the system constraint that at the receiver, only a linear combination of the receive antenna outputs is available, which together with the large dimension of the MIMO system makes it challenging to devise an efficient antenna selection algorithm. By exploiting the strong line-of-sight property of the 60 GHz channels, we propose an iterative antenna selection algorithm based on discrete stochastic approximation that can quickly lock onto a near-optimal antenna subset. Moreover, given a selected antenna subset, we propose an adaptive transmit and receive beamforming algorithm based on the stochastic gradient method that makes use of a low-rate feedback channel to inform the transmitter about the selected beams. Simulation results show that both the proposed antenna selection and the adaptive beamforming techniques exhibit fast convergence and near-optimal performance