920 research outputs found
First-order aggregation models with alignment
We include alignment interactions in a well-studied first-order
attractive-repulsive macroscopic model for aggregation. The distinctive feature
of the extended model is that the equation that specifies the velocity in terms
of the population density, becomes {\em implicit}, and can have non-unique
solutions. We investigate the well-posedness of the model and show rigorously
how it can be obtained as a macroscopic limit of a second-order kinetic
equation. We work within the space of probability measures with compact support
and use mass transportation ideas and the characteristic method as essential
tools in the analysis. A discretization procedure that parallels the analysis
is formulated and implemented numerically in one and two dimensions
BrainPainter: A software for the visualisation of brain structures, biomarkers and associated pathological processes
We present BrainPainter, a software that automatically generates images of
highlighted brain structures given a list of numbers corresponding to the
output colours of each region. Compared to existing visualisation software
(i.e. Freesurfer, SPM, 3D Slicer), BrainPainter has three key advantages: (1)
it does not require the input data to be in a specialised format, allowing
BrainPainter to be used in combination with any neuroimaging analysis tools,
(2) it can visualise both cortical and subcortical structures and (3) it can be
used to generate movies showing dynamic processes, e.g. propagation of
pathology on the brain. We highlight three use cases where BrainPainter was
used in existing neuroimaging studies: (1) visualisation of the degree of
atrophy through interpolation along a user-defined gradient of colours, (2)
visualisation of the progression of pathology in Alzheimer's disease as well as
(3) visualisation of pathology in subcortical regions in Huntington's disease.
Moreover, through the design of BrainPainter we demonstrate the possibility of
using a powerful 3D computer graphics engine such as Blender to generate brain
visualisations for the neuroscience community. Blender's capabilities, e.g.
particle simulations, motion graphics, UV unwrapping, raster graphics editing,
raytracing and illumination effects, open a wealth of possibilities for brain
visualisation not available in current neuroimaging software. BrainPainter is
customisable, easy to use, and can run straight from the web browser:
https://brainpainter.csail.mit.edu , as well as from source-code packaged in a
docker container: https://github.com/mrazvan22/brain-coloring . It can be used
to visualise biomarker data from any brain imaging modality, or simply to
highlight a particular brain structure for e.g. anatomy courses.Comment: Accepted at the MICCAI Multimodal Brain Imaging Analysis (MBIA)
workshop, 201
Aggregation-diffusion energies on Cartan-Hadamard manifolds of unbounded curvature
We consider an aggregation-diffusion energy on Cartan-Hadamard manifolds with
sectional curvatures that can grow unbounded at infinity. The energy
corresponds to a macroscopic aggregation model that involves nonlocal
interactions and linear diffusion. We establish necessary and sufficient
conditions on the growth at infinity of the attractive interaction potential
for ground states to exist. Specifically, we derive explicit conditions on the
attractive potential in terms of the bounds on the sectional curvatures at
infinity. To prove our results we establish a new comparison theorem in
Riemannian geometry and a logarithmic Hardy-Littlewood inequality on
Cartan-Hadamard manifolds.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2306.0485
Efficient Domain Coverage for Vehicles with Second Order Dynamics via Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
Collaborative autonomous multi-agent systems covering a specified area have
many potential applications, such as UAV search and rescue, forest fire
fighting, and real-time high-resolution monitoring. Traditional approaches for
such coverage problems involve designing a model-based control policy based on
sensor data. However, designing model-based controllers is challenging, and the
state-of-the-art classical control policy still exhibits a large degree of
suboptimality. In this paper, we present a reinforcement learning (RL) approach
for the multi-agent coverage problem involving agents with second-order
dynamics. Our approach is based on the Multi-Agent Proximal Policy Optimization
Algorithm (MAPPO). To improve the stability of the learning-based policy and
efficiency of exploration, we utilize an imitation loss based on the
state-of-the-art classical control policy. Our trained policy significantly
outperforms the state-of-the-art. Our proposed network architecture includes
incorporation of self attention, which allows a single-shot domain transfer of
the trained policy to a large variety of domain shapes and number of agents. We
demonstrate our proposed method in a variety of simulated experiments.Comment: This paper has been submitted to IEEE Robotics and Automation
Letters. Includes 8 pages with 5 figure
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