Movement of Spermatozoa in Viscous Environments

Observations of the effects of increased viscosity have been important in attempting to understand the mechanical forces and molecular mechanisms involved in cell motility. Berg & Turner (1979) have recently demonstrated that the movement of bacteria at increased viscosities depends on the nature of the macromolecules used to obtain increased viscosities. With methyl cellulose, an unbranched, long-chain polymer, decreases in rotation rates of tethered E. coli were much less than with Ficoll, a highly branched polymer, even though the viscosities measured at the macroscopic level were similar. At the microscopic level, methyl cellulose apparently forms a loose, quasi-rigid network in solution, which is easily penetrated by particles on the scale of bacteria and their flagella, but makes a substantial contribution to the macroscopic viscosity of the solution even at concentrations where 'non-Newtonian' behavior is minimal. This observation has led us to re-examine earlier measurements on the effects of viscosity on the movement of sperm flagella, which were made using methyl cellulose to increase the viscosity (Brokaw, 1966; Brokaw & Simonick, 1977)

Spectral Signature Studies For Application in Deer Census Using Remote Sensing Techniques

This study was performed to determine the spectral signatures of deer and their natural background elements for censusing purposes. Consideration was given to atmospheric transmittance, acceptable flying weather, and terrain. Possible spectral bands between 0.3 and 14.0 μm were obtained (over a pathlength of 1500 feet at an altitude of 5000 feet) based upon atmospheric transmittance using the LOWTRAN 3B computer program. They are: 0.30 - 1.33, 1.49 - 1.79, 2.00 - 2.50, 3.00 - 3.16, 3.38 - 4.10, 4.59 - 5.05, and 8.00 - 13.33 μm, for transmittance greater than 75%. Weather conditions are favorable for flying and taking data on the average of 2 days per week (in areas near Salt Lake City) throughout the winter months. Measurements were obtained of the spectral reflectance and spectral emissivity of deer hide, sands, soils, sage brush, and other natural winter habitat elements. The results of these measurements indicate that all the biological samples tested emit blackbody radiation; that is, the emissivity is approximately unity and there are no unique spectral signatures. The reflected spectra in the region 0.5 to 1.1 μm contains considerable unique spectra, including chlorophyll absorption at 0.66 μm, that might be useful in de signing a multi spectral classifier

The Supreme Court and Its Great Justices by Sidney H. Asch

An analysis of the book, The Supreme Court and Its Great Justices , written by Sidney H. Asch

Workmen\u27s Compensation - Vicarious Liability Benefit Test Applied in Recognizing Exception to Going and Coming Rule. Smith v. Workmen\u27s Compensation Appeals Board (Cal. 1968)

This recent case discusses Smith v. Workmen\u27s Compensation Appeals Board (Cal. 1968)

Factors Community College Faculty Consider Important to Academic Leadership

Although many of the pressures leaders face come from external sources, the expertise of the faculty should not be ignored when preparing community college leaders. The current study analyzed survey data from community college faculty across the state of Kentucky to determine which attributes they considered important to academic leadership. The faculty members who responded to an online survey regarded most highly factors pertaining to communication, character, decision-making, teamwork, work ethic, and personal relationships

Monopoly Newspapers: Troubles in Paradise

This note does not attempt to resolve the myriad constitutional, economic and social issues involved in the task of insuring a free press. It will, however, illuminate the main constitutional and economic problems involved in this process and demonstrate that the government has the power to formulate a substitute for the checks that were once provided by the competitive economic system. It the citizen’s right to a free press is to be more than just an historical oddity, the government must begin regulation of the newspaper industry to insure that no powerful interests have the power to suppress the free interchange of ideas Such unrest has also become a major legal problem. In the light of these changes, it is evident that a rational theory of the legal relationship between the student and the university can develop within the context of the university as an instrument of society. In this concept, student-university relationships cease to be the private affairs the university has ling considered them. The university’s responsibility to its students is a responsibility to society

Pattern of head injury in central India population

Background: In India, the developing economy and growing population simultaneously made a strong impact on increase in motor vehicle population. This increase in motorization has some adverse effects such as increase in road accidents with economic and functional loss. Head injury is the most common cause of mortality in road traffic accidents. The aim of this study was to know the incidence, pattern, mechanism, mode of head injury along with its distribution in relation to site of vault fracture and intracranial hemorrhage.Methods: Total 391 post-mortem cases of head injury were enrolled during study period. The information regarding age, sex, residence, marital status, date and time of time of accident and of death was gathered from police inquest report, relatives, dead body challan and clinical details from hospital records. During autopsy, detailed examination was carried out and data regarding both external and internal injuries were carefully recorded and analyzed.Results: The peak incidence of head injury was observed in the age group of 21-30 years. Most of deceased were from early age group and the male deceased were more than females. Majority victims of head injury were from road Traffic Accidents followed by fall from height, railway accidents and assault. Fissured fracture of vault was found in almost half cases. Subdural and subarachnoid hemorrhage were the most common one we encountered.Conclusions: Head injury due to RTA is well known public health problem causing death and disability. It is required from concerned government authority to take appropriate and immediate measures for reducing the incidence of head injury

Acoustic Properties of Soybeans

Acoustic transmission and impact force response methods were investigated for classification of soybeans. The transmission method was slow and not suitable for real-time application. A polynomial was fitted to the deconvolved frequency spectrum of acoustic impulse data for soybeans. The curve fitting procedure successfully predicted the mass of each soybean. The size of soybeans was related to the bandwidth. Diseased soybeans consistently showed narrower bandwidths than healthy soybeans. The diseased and damaged soybeans had broad variations in low frequency which was quantifiable by threshholding the error of fit in the curve fitting procedure

Pb-Glass Detector Efficiency Testing at the University of Illinios Tagged Photon Facility

This research was sponsored by the National Science Foundation Grant NSF PHY-931478