An innovative method to assess and manage residual stresses in additively manufactured titanium

A simple method for residual stresses (RS) evaluation in additively manufactured titanium samples is described in this study. This method allows to obtain samples that are separated from the build plate but still include building’s RS. Thanks to these samples, the influence of time and temperature on thermal stress relieving performance and microstructural evolution for Ti64 alloy processed by LBM have been analysed. Additionally, the obtained data allowed to compare the thermal stress relief behaviour of additively manufactured parts to conventional wrought alloy. Process simulations have also been undertaken to predict RS fields and check this method accuracy

Administration to neonates of an attenuated <em>Toxoplasma gondii</em> vaccine to protect against neonatal cryptosporidiosis

National audienc

Diagnosis and treatment of anomalous aortic origin of coronary artery: A twenty-year retrospective study of experience and decision-making in children and young adults

International audienceBACKGROUND: Anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery, particularly in the presence of inter-arterial course between the great arteries, has been found to be associated with sudden death in young people. METHODS: This study reports a single-center experience in the management of anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery, with or without inter-arterial course, by focusing specifically on presentation, diagnosis, and patient outcome. RESULTS: From March 1993 to February 2018, 100 patients (70 males) were diagnosed with anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery, including 27 left coronary artery from the right sinus, 60 right coronary artery from the left sinus, and 13 other anomalies. Patients with inter-arterial course between the great arteries presented more frequently with syncope and/or sudden death compared to patients without (23.4% vs. 0%, p = 0.026). Diagnosis was reached using first-line transthoracic echocardiography in 65% of cases. Surgical repair was performed in 61 patients (61%). All operated patients (60 direct implantations, 1 unroofing) had been diagnosed with inter-arterial course between the great arteries, and were asymptomatic at a mean (±SD) postoperative follow-up of 4.9 ± 5.3 years. CONCLUSIONS: An inter-arterial course of the anomalous right or left coronary arteries arising from the opposite sinus is associated with life-threatening events. Direct reimplantation of coronary artery is reliable, and should be discussed even in asymptomatic patients

Roots of Etna volcano in faults of great earthquakes

Results from several seismic methods allow us to sketch the deep structure of Etna and its Ionian margin. Under Etna a volume of high velocity material is found in a structurally high position; the emplacement of this suggests spreading of the surrounding medium. Just offshore, down-to-the-east normal faults penetrate through the upper crust. The deeper crustal structure beneath appears upwarped from the basin towards Etna. Juxtaposed with the crust of Sicily, a thinner crust reaches from the Ionian Basin under Etna, and the mantle is upwarped. In such a structure, magma can then be viewed as a melted lens capping a mantle upwarp at shallow depth, rather than in an intracrustal chamber. This reduces the conflict between estimates of its volume from excess output of volatiles and short residence times. A link in time is indicated between volcanic and seismic activity at a large scale: over the millennium the reported ends of episodes of high output rates of magma are followed by the reported occurrences of magnitude 7 + earthquakes which caused destruction in southeastern Sicily. Several steep active normal fault have been imaged to a depth of 10 km the crust up to 30 km offshore of the cities of Catania and Augusta, which may be fault planes for such large earthquakes. They expand and prolongate the system of the Timpe faults on the eastern flank of Etna, thus linking large-scale tectonics offshore with the volcano. Etna developed together with normal faulting, upwarp, and spreading during the recent evolution of the former Ionian subduction. Activation of the material at depth at the lateral edge of the slab, by vertical motion with extension above, could produce the peculiar type of Etna magmatism.Peer Reviewe