11,688 research outputs found
Gravity duals of supersymmetric gauge theories on three-manifolds
We study gravity duals to a broad class of N=2 supersymmetric gauge theories
defined on a general class of three-manifold geometries. The gravity
backgrounds are based on Euclidean self-dual solutions to four-dimensional
gauged supergravity. As well as constructing new examples, we prove in general
that for solutions defined on the four-ball the gravitational free energy
depends only on the supersymmetric Killing vector, finding a simple closed
formula when the solution has U(1) x U(1) symmetry. Our result agrees with the
large N limit of the free energy of the dual gauge theory, computed using
localization. This constitutes an exact check of the gauge/gravity
correspondence for a very broad class of gauge theories with a large N limit,
defined on a general class of background three-manifold geometries.Comment: 74 pages, 2 figures; v2: minor change
A note on dimer models and McKay quivers
We give one formulation of an algorithm of Hanany and Vegh which takes a
lattice polygon as an input and produces a set of isoradial dimer models. We
study the case of lattice triangles in detail and discuss the relation with
coamoebas following Feng, He, Kennaway and Vafa.Comment: 25 pages, 35 figures. v3:completely rewritte
Holographic renormalization and supersymmetry
Holographic renormalization is a systematic procedure for regulating
divergences in observables in asymptotically locally AdS spacetimes. For dual
boundary field theories which are supersymmetric it is natural to ask whether
this defines a supersymmetric renormalization scheme. Recent results in
localization have brought this question into sharp focus: rigid supersymmetry
on a curved boundary requires specific geometric structures, and general
arguments imply that BPS observables, such as the partition function, are
invariant under certain deformations of these structures. One can then ask if
the dual holographic observables are similarly invariant. We study this
question in minimal N = 2 gauged supergravity in four and five dimensions. In
four dimensions we show that holographic renormalization precisely reproduces
the expected field theory results. In five dimensions we find that no choice of
standard holographic counterterms is compatible with supersymmetry, which leads
us to introduce novel finite boundary terms. For a class of solutions
satisfying certain topological assumptions we provide some independent tests of
these new boundary terms, in particular showing that they reproduce the
expected VEVs of conserved charges.Comment: 70 pages; corrected typo
Von Neumann's expanding model on random graphs
Within the framework of Von Neumann's expanding model, we study the maximum
growth rate r achievable by an autocatalytic reaction network in which
reactions involve a finite (fixed or fluctuating) number D of reagents. r is
calculated numerically using a variant of the Minover algorithm, and
analytically via the cavity method for disordered systems. As the ratio between
the number of reactions and that of reagents increases the system passes from a
contracting (r1). These results extend the
scenario derived in the fully connected model (D\to\infinity), with the
important difference that, generically, larger growth rates are achievable in
the expanding phase for finite D and in more diluted networks. Moreover, the
range of attainable values of r shrinks as the connectivity increases.Comment: 20 page
Assessment of Orchid Surfaces Using Top-Down Contact Angle Mapping
© 2013 IEEE. Top-down contact angle (CA) measurements are used to characterize the green leaves and purple flowers of both old and young the Cattleya warneri orchids. The top-down CA allows the characterization of large surfaces away from the leaf edge, avoiding traditional cutting required for side view CA measurement. This allows large area mapping without damaging leaves making the method amenable to fieldwork and useful in environmental diagnostics. Young leaves are found to be hydrophobic whilst old leaves become practically hydrophilic across their entirety, mostly as a result of continued exposure to changes in the environment over time. The flowers are hydrophobic because of their visual and tactile attractor function for pollinating animals and the self-cleaning of dirt and pathogens. Real-time measurement and mapping of CA of surfaces open a new tool to assess the long-term impact of plant aging, pollution, and more of organisms in the field. The method has clear applications elsewhere such as in industrial probing of surfaces and products
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