2,883 research outputs found
A comparison of design and model selection methods for supersaturated experiments
Various design and model selection methods are available for supersatu-rated designs having more factors than runs but little research is available ontheir comparison and evaluation. In this paper, simulated experiments areused to evaluate the use of E(s2)-optimal and Bayesian D-optimal designs,and to compare three analysis strategies representing regression, shrinkageand a novel model-averaging procedure. Suggestions are made for choosingthe values of the tuning constants for each approach. Findings include that(i) the preferred analysis is via shrinkage; (ii) designs with similar numbersof runs and factors can be effective for a considerable number of active effectsof only moderate size; and (iii) unbalanced designs can perform well. Somecomments are made on the performance of the design and analysis methodswhen effect sparsity does not hol
Paterno v. Laser Spine Institute: Did the New York Court of Appeals\u27 Misapplication of Unjustified Policy Fears Lead to A Miscarriage of Justice and the Creation of Inadequate Precedent for the Proper Use of the Empire State’s Long-Arm Statute?
This article discusses CPLR section 302(a)(1) as applied by the New York State Court of Appeals in Paterno v. Laser Spine Institute. The Paterno Court failed to properly apply a statutory jurisdictional analysis by conflating it with a due process inquiry. Also, the Court unnecessarily balanced the interests of the Empire State\u27s citizens in having a forum for access to justice with unjustified policy fears of potential costs to the state from assertions of in personam jurisdiction. Furthermore, the Court\u27s policy focus4 on the protection of medical doctors from lawsuits and the prevention of “floodgate” litigation which would adversely affect the medical profession was not justified by the record and created poor precedent for subsequent judicial application of the state\u27s long-arm statute.
This article will examine CPLR section 302(a)(1), under Paterno v. Laser Spine Institute and some of its predecessors, to demonstrate that sometimes overarching policy concerns get in the way of a strict statutory analysis under CPLR section 302(a)(1). We analyze how the Court of Appeals in Paterno conflated the jurisdictional basis and due process analyses and determine that the Court, based on a faulty statutory analysis, erroneously decided that there was no statutory jurisdiction.
Our article is divided into six parts. Part II briefly discusses the history of the CPLR and the manner of obtaining jurisdiction through Sections 301 and 302, focusing mainly on long-arm jurisdiction. Part III discusses and analyzes leading cases, which involve the application of CPLR 302 in obtaining personal jurisdiction. Part IV discusses a recent case, Paterno v. Laser Spine Institute, in great detail, and Part V engages in a critical analysis of Paterno with reference to a similar case, Grimaldi v. Guinn. Part VI addresses policy considerations and Part VII concludes with a discussion of how the Paterno Court entangled its jurisdictional analysis and where the Court may be headed with its future application of CPLR section 302(a)(1)
The Evolution of L and T Dwarfs in Color-Magnitude Diagrams
We present new evolution sequences for very low mass stars, brown dwarfs and
giant planets and use them to explore a variety of influences on the evolution
of these objects. We compare our results with previous work and discuss the
causes of the differences and argue for the importance of the surface boundary
condition provided by atmosphere models including clouds.
The L- to T-type ultracool dwarf transition can be accommodated within the
Ackerman & Marley (2001) cloud model by varying the cloud sedimentation
parameter. We develop a simple model for the evolution across the L/T
transition. By combining the evolution calculation and our atmosphere models,
we generate colors and magnitudes of synthetic populations of ultracool dwarfs
in the field and in galactic clusters. We focus on near infrared color-
magnitude diagrams (CMDs) and on the nature of the ``second parameter'' that is
responsible for the scatter of colors along the Teff sequence. Variations in
metallicity and cloud parameters, unresolved binaries and possibly a relatively
young population all play a role in defining the spread of brown dwarfs along
the cooling sequence. We find that the transition from cloudy L dwarfs to
cloudless T dwarfs slows down the evolution and causes a pile up of substellar
objects in the transition region, in contradiction with previous studies. We
apply the same model to the Pleiades brown dwarf sequence. Taken at face value,
the Pleiades data suggest that the L/T transition occurs at lower Teff for
lower gravity objects. The simulated populations of brown dwarfs also reveal
that the phase of deuterium burning produces a distinctive feature in CMDs that
should be detectable in ~50-100 Myr old clusters.Comment: Accepted for publication in the ApJ. 52 pages including 20 figure
Comparing key compositional indicators in Jupiter with those in extra-solar giant planets
Spectroscopic transiting observations of the atmospheres of hot Jupiters
around other stars, first with Hubble Space Telescope and then Spitzer, opened
the door to compositional studies of exoplanets. The James Webb Space Telescope
will provide such a profound improvement in signal-to-noise ratio that it will
enable detailed analysis of molecular abundances, including but not limited to
determining abundances of all the major carbon- and oxygen-bearing species in
hot Jupiter atmospheres. This will allow determination of the carbon-to-oxygen
ratio, an essential number for planet formation models and a motivating goal of
the Juno mission currently around JupiterComment: Submitted to the Astro2020 Decadal Survey as a white paper; thematic
areas "Planetary Systems" and "Star and Planet Formation
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